Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Šimon Mikláš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Tančin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Lužianky, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Róbert Toman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jan Trávníček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Iodine concentration in milk and human nutrition: A review Abstract: The aim of the review was to provide information about the importance of iodine in human nutrition and to review milk as an important source of iodine, and also to summarize the main factors affecting iodine concentration in milk. Iodine is an essential element for the thyroid gland function and synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate key processes of metabolism, brain development and growth. Therefore, it is important to ensure adequate, neither deficient nor excessive, intake of this element in animal nutrition, but more importantly in the nutrition of humans. Milk and dairy products are very valuable sources of iodine. However, its concentration in milk is very variable, as it is affected by many different factors - iodine intake in feed, antinutritional factors, iodine species (forms) used for feeding, animal keeping, farm management and possibly also milk yield. Additionally, milk iodine concentration is also affected by teat dipping with iodine disinfection, and by milk processing (e.g. skimming and heat treatment). All these aforementioned factors may possibly play their role in improving human nutrition, especially the nutrition of pregnant, lactating women, and people on a low-salt diet who are the most vulnerable to insufficient iodine intake. Keywords: iodine content, dairy animals, dairy products, feeds, factors, supplementation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 189-199 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/167/2020-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/167/2020-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202106-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:167-2020-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alma Račkauskaité Author-Name: Ruta Šveistiené Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Animal Science Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Baisogala, Lithuania Author-Name: Violeta Razmaité Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Animal Science Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Baisogala, Lithuania Author-Name: Virginija Jatkauskiené Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Animal Science Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Baisogala, Lithuania Title: Evaluation of genetic diversity of subdivided genealogical groups in Lithuanian Trakehner horse population using immunogenetic tools Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the inter-breed genetic diversity of Lithuanian Trakehner horses. The current population in Lithuania numbers 1 039 Trakehner horses. The study included the immunogenetic data analysis of 316 blood samples. Pedigree was traced back to 7-11 generations. The horses were assigned to genealogical clusters originating from East Prussian Trakehner Stud, Thoroughbred and Arab sires. The first two clusters were subdivided into nine-horse groups according to the most important ancestors. The evaluation of genetic diversity was based on six blood groups and five protein polymorphism systems. The differences between genealogical groups were confirmed by principal component analysis and applied cluster analysis. According to the allelic frequency, the Trakehner population changed very slightly through a 30-year period, and only one rare (0.013) allele TfRR (frequent in other Trakehner populations), has been newly found. The analysis of genetic polymorphism systems based on a very low rate of alleles Qabc (0.093) and Ddkl (0.046), which are typical of other populations, indicated the exclusivity of the Trakehner population in Lithuania. The average expected heterozygosity by blood protein polymorphism and blood groups were 0.409 and 0.441, respectively. The genetic clustering diverged by observed heterozygosity of blood groups and by pedigree data in Pilger through Egoist, Bay Ronald through Dark Ronald and Dampfross through Hyperion subgroups. The determined distinctiveness of subdivided Trakehner horse groups suggests reconsidering the breeding strategies and conservation programme of Trakehner horses. Breeding and selection of subdivided sire lines could be among the appropriate solutions for the maintenance and extension of the genealogical structure. Keywords: blood group, genealogy, stud, protein polymorphism Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 200-210 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/118/2020-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/118/2020-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202106-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:118-2020-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lei Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Fenghong Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Lingtian Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Fengting Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongfu Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Libing He Author-Workplace-Name: Inner Mongolia Jinlai Livestock Technology Co., Ltd., Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Jinquan Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Rui Su Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, P.R. China Title: Estimation of genetic parameters for horn traits and essential economic traits in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats Abstract: Horns are unique cranial appendages in ruminants, and horn traits are useful in the indirect selection of growth traits in goat. However, genetic parameters for horns have not been estimated in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats. In this study, we collected pedigree information with 7 632 records from 2 049 Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats during 2017 to 2019 to study horn base interval (HBI), horn length (HL) and horn base circumference (HBC), as well as four essential economic traits including cashmere length (CL), staple length (SL), cashmere weight (CW) and live body weight (LBW). Genetic parameters and (co)variances were estimated by a multivariate animal model, average information restriction maximum likelihood method in WOMBAT software. The estimates of heritability for HBI, HL, HBC, CL, SL, CW and LBW were 0.31, 0.25, 0.30, 0.10, 0.34, 0.21 and 0.12, respectively, indicating moderate heritability of horn traits in Cashmere goats. We found out that coefficients of genetic correlations between three horn traits were -0.31 to 0.78, while those between three horn traits and four economic traits ranged from -0.05 to 0.52. Strong genetic correlations were observed between horn traits (HBC-HL, HBC-HBI). In addition, a strong phenotypic correlation was revealed for horn and economic traits (HL-LBW). In summary, this study uncovered genetic characteristics and relationships for horn traits in Cashmere goats, which will facilitate the breeding practices of Cashmere goats by providing easier measurement than common economic traits. Keywords: genetic parameter, Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat, horn and economic traits Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 211-216 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/212/2020-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/212/2020-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202106-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:212-2020-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wenjuan Li Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Hui Tao Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Tao Ma Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Naifeng Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Kaidong Deng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Jinling Institute of Technology, Jiangsu, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiyu Diao Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Effect of fat levels in early phase on growth performance and meat characteristics in twin lambs Abstract: This experiment aims to study the effects of dietary fat level during the suckling period on growth performance and meat characteristics in twin lambs. Thirty pairs of male twin Hu lambs were divided into two groups, namely high fat (HF) and normal fat (NF). Lambs in the HF group were fed milk replacer and starter containing 26.89% and 5.07% of fat, whereas those in the NF group were fed milk replacer and starter containing 15.15% and 2.80% of fat, respectively, from eight to 60 days of age. From 60 to 120 days of age, all lambs were fed a starter feed containing 2.80% fat. The results showed that lambs fed HF diet had higher body weight (12.78 kg versus 11.63 kg, P = 0.020), average daily gain (162.4 g/day versus 141.1 g/day, P = 0.019), apparent digestibility of organic matter (P = 0.018) and gross energy (P < 0.001). No difference was observed between HF and NF group in slaughter performance during eight to 60 days of age. Lambs fed HF diet had higher body weight at 120 days of age (P = 0.035). However, no difference was observed in nutrient digestibility, slaughter performance or meat quality at 120 days of age. In summary, the HF diet in the suckling period showed long-lasting beneficial effects on the growth performance of lambs. Keywords: fat level, meat quality, twin lamb, nutrient digestionnutrients Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 217-224 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/177/2020-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/177/2020-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202106-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:177-2020-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arabela Elena Untea Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Ilfov, Romania Author-Name: Tatiana Dumitra Panaite Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Ilfov, Romania Author-Name: Iulia Varzaru Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Ilfov, Romania Author-Name: Raluca Paula Turcu Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Ilfov, Romania Author-Name: Teodor Gavris Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Author-Name: Alexandra Lupu Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology Department, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Ilfov, Romania Title: Study on the influence of dietary sea buckthorn meal on nutritional properties of laying hen eggs Abstract: The study aimed to evaluate the transfer of bioactive compounds from sea buckthorn meal (SBM) supplement to eggs and the effect on lipid quality and peroxidation process. Thirty-two-week-old TETRA SL laying hens were allocated to two dietary treatments, 30 birds each (15 replicate pens). The control diet (C) contained a maize-soybean diet, and the experimental diet contained the previous C diet with 2% of maize replaced with SBM. Thirty-six eggs from each group were collected in order to determine the quality parameters at the end of the experiment. The antioxidant profile of SBM showed that the phytoadditive is a valuable source of vitamin E, xanthophylls and polyphenols. The inclusion of 2% of SBM in the experimental diet led to a more than 25% increase of vitamin E and an almost 50% increase of xanthophylls compared to the control. The markers specific to the coronary risk decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control, showing a beneficial effect of dietary SBM on the quality of yolk lipids. The bioactive compounds detected in egg yolk showed a significant (P < 0.05) improvement of the antioxidant profile, the rate of vitamin (A and E), carotenoid (lutein and zeaxanthin) and mineral (iron and zinc) deposition increased after dietary SBM inclusion. Regarding the lipid peroxidation parameters, the dietary SBM inclusion acted in the first phase of the lipid peroxidation process by inhibiting the formation of primary oxidation products (hydroperoxides and conjugated dienes). In conclusion, the sea buckthorn supplementation of the laying hen diet improved the bioactive compound concentrations in eggs and delayed the oxidation process of yolk during storage. Keywords: yolk, bioactive compounds, lipid peroxidation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 225-234 Volume: 66 Issue: 6 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/239/2020-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/239/2020-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202106-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:6:id:239-2020-CJAS