Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jansller Luiz Genova Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Author-Name: Paulo Evaristo Rupolo Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Author-Name: Antonio Diego Brandão Melo Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Sciences, Graduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCA), Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil Author-Name: Liliana Bury de Azevedo dos Santos Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Author-Name: Geraldyne Nunes Wendt Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Author-Name: Keila Abadia Barbosa Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil Author-Name: Silvana Teixeira Carvalho Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Author-Name: Newton Tavares Escocard de Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Author-Name: Leandro Batista Costa Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Sciences, Graduate Program in Animal Science (PPGCA), Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil Author-Name: Paulo Levi de Oliveira Carvalho Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science Department, State University of Western Paraná, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Brazil Title: Biological response of piglets challenged with Escherichia coli F4 (K88) when fed diets containing intestinal alkaline phosphatase Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) added to diets on growth performance, diarrhoea incidence (DI), blood metabolites, relative organ weight, and intestinal morphometry of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 (K88). A total of 64 crossbred entire male piglets (25-day-old and 7.16 ± 0.28 kg body weight) were allocated into four treatments: control diet (CD-), CD- + antimicrobial growth promoter (AGP), CD- + 15 mg IAP/kg of diet and CD- + 30 mg IAP/kg of diet, with eight replications. At 15 days, all piglets were orally challenged with 6 ml of a solution containing K88 (106 colony forming units/ml). Microencapsulated IAP in acid solution showed 14.43% solubility and pH values of 1.69, 1.72, 1.51, and 1.52 at the different times measured (0.5 h, 1.0 h, 17.0 h, and 24 h); differently, IAP in basic solution had 4.10% solubility and pH values increased (5.95, 6.10, 6.32 and 6.63) according to the different times, respectively. On days 25-35, piglets that received 30 mg IAP and CD- showed a better feed conversion ratio (P = 0.075) compared to those fed 15 mg IAP. Piglets that consumed 30 mg IAP or CD- had higher (P = 0.004) average daily gain on days 35-44. On days 35-44, the piglet average daily feed intake was lower (P = 0.033) with 15 mg IAP compared to AGP. In the entire period, piglets fed 15 mg IAP showed a reduction in average daily gain (P = 0.040) and average daily feed intake (P = 0.092). Piglets on 30 mg IAP showed an improvement (P ≤ 0.05) in DI in the pre-and post-challenge periods. The relative spleen weight of the piglet increased (P = 0.043) in response to 30 mg IAP. Overall, the addition of 30 mg IAP to diets improves the growth performance, attenuates DI, and promotes an increase in spleen relative weight to maintain the healthy state of piglets. Keywords: antimicrobial growth promoter, growth performance, post-weaning diarrhoea, weanling piglet Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 391-402 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/82/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/82/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202110-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:10:id:82-2021-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fatemeh Emamdoust Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Mohammad Zandi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Mehdi Aminafshar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Mohammad Reza Sanjabi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran Title: The role of quercetin in primary culture of ovine spermatogonial stem cells Abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of quercetin on the survival and primary culture of ovine spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). The two-time enzymatic digestion process was employed to obtain SSCs from lamb testes. In the next step, the use of filtration and differential plating methods caused an increase in the number of SSCs in the cell suspension resulting from enzymatic and mechanical digestions. Mitomycin-C-treated Sertoli cells were used to prepare the feeder layer. The stem cells were then cultured on the Sertoli cell feeder layer. The identification of the colonies was done through alkaline phosphatase staining methods and specific gene expression of ram's SSCs (nanog and Plzf). The results of methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay on SSCs 72 h after culture with different treatments of quercetin demonstrated that the highest percentage of survival was for 5 μM and 10 μM concentrations, respectively; however, compared to the control, no significant difference was observed. In comparison with the control, the concentration equal to and greater than 20 μM quercetin caused a significant decrease in the survival of SSCs (P < 0.05). Seven days after culture, 40 μM quercetin caused a substantial reduction in the mean number of colonies, compared to the control (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that compared to the control, 5 μM to 40 μM of quercetin significantly reduced Plzf gene expression. Furthermore, the concentration equal to and higher than 10 μM quercetin significantly decreased bcl-2 gene expression in the cells under study (P < 0.05). Based on the findings of the present study, the use of quercetin for the primary culture of ovine SSCs is not recommended. It is suggested that the function of this antioxidant should be investigated on the differentiation of SSCs. Keywords: spermatogonial stem cell, sheep, stem cell culture Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 403-411 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/14/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202110-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:10:id:14-2021-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Angelika Drozdová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Zuzana Kaňková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Boris Bilčík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Michal Zeman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Prenatal effects of red and blue light on physiological and behavioural parameters of broiler chickens Abstract: Light during incubation can influence embryonic and postembryonic development of chickens, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that red and blue lights during incubation had opposite effects on the development of embryonic melatonin biosynthesis; red light results in the highest and blue light in the lowest amplitude of the daily rhythm. Therefore, in this study, we investigated if exposure to monochromatic red (632 nm) and blue (463 nm) light during incubation can differently influence growth, selected biochemical (glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerols) and endocrine (corticosterone and thyroid hormones) traits and behavioural parameters during postembryonic development in broiler chickens. For analysis, we used 10 and 11 hatchlings incubated in red and blue light, respectively and 10 birds per each group (six males and four females) in 3-weeks-old broilers. During the rapid growth phase (days 18, 20 and 21 of age), higher body weight was recorded in broilers incubated under red compared to blue light, whereas endocrine and metabolic traits did not differ between the treatments. The improved growth rate was related to behavioural traits, mainly because chickens incubated in red light exhibited more passive (resting, standing, preening, dust bathing) and less active behaviours (walking, foraging, fighting, wing-flapping) than the blue-light incubated birds. The time spent for eating and drinking and the results of the tonic immobility test did not differ between both groups. Our results suggest that red and blue monochromatic light during incubation can differently program the postembryonic development of broilers, with possible consequences for their growth and welfare. Keywords: behavioural traits, birds, incubation, melatonin, monochromatic light Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 412-419 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/80/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/80/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202110-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:10:id:80-2021-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dana Homolková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Plachý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Anna Maňourová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michal Kaválek Author-Workplace-Name: Farmet a.s., Česká Skalice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav Dvořáček Author-Workplace-Name: Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Boris Hučko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Milan Marounek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivo Doskočil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of starch digestibility methods for extruded wheat grains (Triticum aestivum L.) Abstract: This study compared different methods of determining starch digestibility (in vivo vs in vitro) in wheat grains and evaluated the influence of extrusion on digestibility. In vivo starch digestibility was determined in broiler chickens by calculating the residual starch content in their ilea and the digestibility using a chromium oxide indicator. In vitro digestibility was examined using pepsin and pancreatin. During in vivo testing, the highest digestibility coefficient (DC) was achieved by the Bonanza variety in its extruded form (91.19 ± 0.40%). In contrast, the lowest DC was achieved by the Tobak variety in its non-extruded form (81.45 ± 1.92%). Generally, a higher DC was observed in vivo for extruded forms of wheat. During in vitro testing, the highest DC was achieved by the Stefii variety in its non-extruded form (96.10 ± 0.55%), whereas the lowest DC was observed in the Yetti variety in its extruded form (49.72 ± 0.41%). Overall, the in vitro experiments did not exhibit significant differences between extruded and non-extruded forms of wheat. Linear regression analysis showed a strong relationship (r2 = 0.860; 85.98%) between in vivo- and in vitro-derived DC values in all wheat varieties, both in extruded and non-extruded forms. The study showed that in vivo testing is a suitable method for the determination and control of starch levels in extruded materials. However, despite the accuracy of this technique, it is also very demanding in terms of time, space, equipment, and methodological knowledge. Therefore, based on the strong correlation between the in vivo and in vitro assays, we recommend in vitro digestibility testing as a preferable alternative. Keywords: chicken broilers, chymus, nutrient digestibility, feed nutrients Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 420-427 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/56/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202110-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:10:id:56-2021-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Pěnka Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Oleksandr Malinovskyi Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Křišťan Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Aiman Imentai Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Policar Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Effect of density and mixed culture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) on growth, survival and feed conversion rate in intensive culture Abstract: In this study, two experiments were performed with the aim to optimize intensive aquaculture of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). In the first 140-day experiment the effect of the initial fish density was assessed at three levels: low density (LD) 23 kg/m3, medium density (MD) 35 kg/m3 and high density (HD) 46 kg/m3. All three densities provided the same final Fulton's condition coefficient (FC = 1.24-1.28), specific growth rate (SGR = 0.22-0.24%/day) and survival rate (97-100%). No cannibalism was observed at all tested densities. Feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.39 ± 0.21 g/g) was the lowest for LD and the highest (1.61 ± 0.08 g/g) for MD. The highest fish biomass (25.7 ± 2.7 kg/m3) was obtained at HD and this density was considered as the most effective density of all tested ones during the intensive culture of largemouth bass. The second 60-day experiment tested the effect of largemouth bass and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) monoculture and biculture of both species on production efficiency. Higher size heterogeneity was obtained in both (mono- and bicultural) groups of pikeperch (308.91-314.56‰/day) compared to the groups of largemouth bass (279.26-284.05 ‰/day). The higher FC (1.09) was found in both types of culture in largemouth bass compared to both methods of culture in pikeperch (0.74-0.78). The lowest SGR was evident in both types of largemouth bass cultures (1.20-1.28%/day). In contrast, the highest SGR was achieved in the bicultural pikeperch (1.88%/day). Similar results like for SGR were also assessed for FCR, where the highest value of FCR was in both cultures of largemouth bass (1.44-1.48 g/g) compared to the lowest FCR in the bicultural of pikeperch (0.73 g/g). Largemouth bass in both tested types of culture had higher survival rates (99.95-99.99%) compared to pikeperch (98.61-98.63%). Keywords: biculture, growth performance, feed conversion ratio, high-quality fish production, monoculture, survival rate Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 428-440 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/59/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/59/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202110-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:10:id:59-2021-CJAS