Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qianqian Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea Author-Name: In Ho Kim Title: Micelle silymarin supplementation to fattening diet augments daily gain, nutrient digestibility, decreases toxic gas emissions, and ameliorates meat quality of fattening pigs Abstract: To evaluate the impact of micelle silymarin (MS) on fattening pig growth, nutrient digestibility, toxic gas emissions and meat quality, 140 crossed fattening pigs were allocated to four treatments with seven repetition pens [(two barrows and three gilts)/pen] per treatment from the initial body weight of 51.0 kg (SD 2.86). The pigs were fed the basal diet containing 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% MS for 10 weeks. The results showed a linear improvement in the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs during 5 to 10 weeks as the dietary MS dose increased (P = 0.041). The apparent total tract digestibility of nitrogen (N) was enhancive linearly (P = 0.017 and 0.031, respectively) in week 5 and week 10 as the dietary MS dose increased. The Lactobacillus populations in the faeces of pigs fed MS diets were linearly increased (P = 0.048) during week 5. The dietary supplement of MS decreased faecal H2S concentrations in week 5 and NH3 concentrations in week 10 (quadratic, P = 0.022 and 0.007, respectively). Moreover, dietary MS linearly diminished cooking loss (P = 0.010) and yellowness value at 45 min postmortem (P = 0.029), whereas the redness value linearly increased (P = 0.028 and 0.002, respectively) after 45 min and 24 h postmortem. Finally, the linear decrease (P < 0.001) of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration and protein carbonyl in pigs fed MS diets was found, but a quadratic improvement (P < 0.031) of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) concentration was observed in the meat samples from MS-treated pigs. Taken together, supplementation of the graded level of MS to the basal diet exhibited dose-independent responses on ADG, N digestibility, toxic gas emissions and meat quality. Among the tested doses, 0.2% MS supplementation in the diet is found to be the most effective dose. Keywords: apparent total tract digestibility, serum metabolites, faecal toxic gas, faecal microbiota Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 125-136 Volume: 67 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/184/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/184/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202204-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:67:y:2022:i:4:id:184-2021-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuchun Xie Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Nai Rile Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agriculture and Forestry, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, P.R. China Author-Name: Xuewu Li Author-Workplace-Name: School of Health and Wellness, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, P.R. China Author-Name: Haijun Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Meng Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Tianyu Che Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Ting Cai Author-Workplace-Name: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhihong Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Jinquan Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, P.R. China Title: Analysis of cashmere goat meat by label-free proteomics shows that MYL3 is a potential molecular marker of meat toughness Abstract: The Inner Mongolia cashmere goat is famous for its bright white cashmere fibre. However, little attention is given to the excellent characteristics of this breed's meat. We used label-free proteomics to analyse the total protein content in five different muscles, and 1 227 proteins were detected. Through sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ions (SWATH), 16, 33, 49, 39, and 31 differentially expressed proteins were successfully detected in the five muscles. Protein-protein interaction network analysis of differentially expressed proteins revealed many strong interactions related to fatty acid beta oxidation and muscle development. Based on SWATH in five muscles, 25 differentially expressed proteins related to muscle development were detected, including seven muscle fibre structural proteins (ACTG2, ACTN4, TAGLN, MYL3, MYL1, MYL6B and MYH4). Finally, immunohistochemical analysis of MYL3 showed that the proportion of MYL3 may be a potential molecular marker for muscle toughness. Keywords: SWATH, interaction network, muscle fibre type Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 137-146 Volume: 67 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/61/2021-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2021-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202204-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:67:y:2022:i:4:id:61-2021-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vilma Viliene Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Asta Raceviciute-Stupeliene Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Saulius Bliznikas Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Baisogala, Lithuania Author-Name: Alius Pockevicius Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Monika Nutautaite Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Vilma Sasyte Author-Workplace-Name: Dr. L. Kriaučeliūnas Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Title: The impact of different inclusion levels of whole barley in feed on growth performance, carcass, and gastrointestinal traits of broiler chickens Abstract: The aim of the present research was to evaluate the effect of feeding graded levels of whole barley (WB) on broiler chicken growth and carcass performance, gastrointestinal morphology, and function. A total of 800 male Ross 308 broiler chickens (1-day-old) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with four replicate pens of 50 birds each. Diets differed in their WB dosage: without WB (NO-WB); low WB amount (LOW-WB) dosages: 4% (1-7 days of age), 8% (8-21 days of age), 15% (22-35 days of age); medium WB amount (MEDIUM-WB) dosages: 6% (1-7 days of age), 12% (8-21 days of age), 20% (22-35 days of age); high WB amount (HIGH-WB) dosages: 8% (1-7 days of age) 16% (8-21 days of age), 25% (22-35 days of age). Body weight, average daily gain, and mortality of chickens did not statistically differ between treatments (P > 0.05). The feed conversion ratio was higher in the treatments diluted with WB. There were no differences in ammonia nitrogen concentration except for increased butyrate concentration in the caecum and reduced digesta viscosity in the broiler ileum in groups fed LOW-WB, MEDIUM-WB, and HIGH-WB diets (P < 0.05). The high WB amount in the diets increased Lactobacillus spp. in the ileal contents and improved ileum morphology (P < 0.05). The inclusion of graded levels of WB in the diets had no effect on carcass performance but it seemed to enhance the gastrointestinal tract development. Keywords: productivity, digestive processes, morphology, histomorphology, short-chain fatty acids Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 147-156 Volume: 67 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/3/2022-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3/2022-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202204-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:67:y:2022:i:4:id:3-2022-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fang Ma Author-Name: Yali Zou Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, P.R. China Author-Name: Ruilin Ma Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, P.R. China Author-Name: Xin Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, P.R. China Author-Name: Lanfang Ma Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste in Gansu Province, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, P.R. China Title: Evolution, characterization and expression analysis of Sox gene family in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Abstract: The Sox transcription factor family plays an important role in various biological processes such as animal sex determination and multiple organ development. We used online databases to analyze the gene structure, chemical characteristics, and evolutionary relationship of Sox family genes through bioinformatics, and we studied the expression profiles and regulatory mechanisms of Sox family genes. A total of 29 rainbow trout Sox genes were identified. The phylogenetic analysis found that Sox genes of rainbow trout were clustered in seven subfamilies (B1, B2, C, D, E, F and H), and the gene structure of each subfamily was relatively conserved. Furthermore, Sox1, Sox4, Sox6, Sox8, Sox9, Sox11, Sox17, Sox18, and Sox19 developed into two copies, which might be the result of teleost fish-specific genome replication. Multiple HMG box domain alignments indicated that the motifs for all Sox sequences are conserved. Gene expression studies reveal that Sox expression is tissue-specific and that multiple Sox genes are involved in rainbow trout gonad and central nervous system development. Our study provides valuable information on the evolution of teleosts, and will also help to further research the functional characteristics of Sox genes. Keywords: bioinformatics, gene structure, genome duplication, gene expression Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 157-166 Volume: 67 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/4/2022-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4/2022-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202204-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:67:y:2022:i:4:id:4-2022-CJAS