Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lee Ji-Hye Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Humanimal Science, Hankyong National University, Jungang-ro, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Seok-Hyun Cho Author-Workplace-Name: Major in the Animal Biotechnology, College of Agricultural Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Kim Sang-Hwan Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Humanimal Science, Hankyong National University, Jungang-ro, Republic of Korea Author-Workplace-Name: School of Animal Life Convergence Science, Hankyong National University, Jungang-ro, Republic of Korea Title: Effects of apoptosis by 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity on corpus luteum formation during early pregnancy in cattle Abstract: 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD) is a member of the aldo-keto reductase family. These enzymes play a pivotal role in regulating steroid hormones, such as androgens, oestrogen, and progesterone, and are, therefore, considered vital targets for determining whether a pregnancy is maintained. In this study, we investigated the association between 20α-HSD and apoptosis-related genes in luteal tissues (at 30, 60, and 90 days of gestation) and cells from early gestation in cattle. The corpus luteum altered the number of large lutein cells from 30-90 days. The change in the junction of the connective tissue appeared to affect the density of the corpus luteum. In addition, 20α-HSD was detected in the corpus luteum and cultured cells during early pregnancy, in contrast to the results of previous studies. The overall expression pattern of the 20α-HSD and Casp-3 proteins was lower on day 50 of gestation than on days 30 and 90. However, the 20α-HSD expression gradually increased from 30 to 90 days of gestation. When the 20α-HSD protein was increased to 0.5 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, and 1.5 μg/ml in the luteal cells collected on day 30 of pregnancy, apoptosis was analysed after 48 hours. 20α-HSD generated in the cells was confirmed, and the concentration gradually decreased as the concentration increased. However, the expression of Casp-3 showed an overall similar expression pattern. Notably, the 20α-HSD and Casp-3 proteins were lowest at 1.5 μg/ml supplemented with 20α-HSD, with higher levels in the cytosol than in the cytoplasm. These results suggest that 20α-HSD plays a role in maintaining normal pregnancy, particularly by regulating the progesterone concentrations during luteal cell development. Keywords: Casp-3, 20α, -HSD, early pregnancy, lutein cells, bovine Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 53-63 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/116/2022-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/116/2022-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:116-2022-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Pytlík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radim Codl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaromír Ducháček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Filipp Georgijevič Savvulidi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marek Vrhel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Luděk Stádník Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Low-density lipoprotein supplementation improves the quality of Holstein bulls' insemination doses Abstract: Despite the routine use of cryopreservation in dairy cattle, the subsequent deterioration in the quality of bull insemination doses (IDs) is an incentive to refine cryopreservation protocols, including the composition of the ID. The aim of this study was to examine, using a flow cytometry assay, whether the selected concentrations of low density lipoproteins (LDLs) extracted from hen-egg yolk may improve the post-thaw quality of the ID diluted with a plant-based extender. In total, 30 ejaculates from five sires (six trials per animal) were collected and processed at the Artificial Insemination Centre. The effect of the low density lipoprotein supplementation to the AndroMed® diluent at 4 and 8% (v/v) on the cryopreservation efficiency was tested. The effects of the modified extenders were determined on different sperm subpopulations by simultaneous quadruple staining for flow cytometry as the percentage of sperm with intact plasma membrane and acrosome (PMAI), PMAI sperm showing high mitochondrial membrane potential (HMMP), sperm with plasma membrane damage (PMD), and sperm with acrosome damage (AD). It was observed that the 8% LDL treatment was more effective (P < 0.05) in preserving all the analysed parameters than AndroMed® without any supplementation. The supplementation of the AndroMed® extender with 8% LDL resulted in the most optimal values of the PMAI (30.61 ± 1.13), HMMP (68.81 ± 1.25), PMD (68.69 ± 1.14), and AD (38.36 ± 1.13) compared to the control treatment (24.86 ± 1.13 for PMAI, 47.79 ± 1.25 for HMMP, 74.77 ± 1.14 for PMD, and 42.83 ± 1.13 for AD. The results of the study also demonstrated a synergistic positive effect of the LDL and soybean lecithin-based diluent on the spermatozoa post-thaw quality and resilience, based on 2 h long incubation. In conclusion, the soybean based semen extender treatment with LDL represents a beneficial tool to mitigate the detrimental effect of cryopreservation. Keywords: cryopreservation, spermatozoa, bovine, post-thaw quality, flow cytometry Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 64-71 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/223/2022-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/223/2022-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:223-2022-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kunliang Han Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Bang Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yan Cui Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Title: Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera leaf meal on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and gut health status of growing rabbits Abstract: This experiment aimed to study the effect of Broussonetia papyrifera leaf meal (BP) on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal permeability, and caecal microbiota of growing rabbits. A total of 240 weaned Ira male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates of 10 rabbits each. The BP was added at 0% (CON), 3.0% (BP3), 6.0% (BP6), and 9.0% (BP9). All diets were isoenergetic, isonitrogenous, and isofibrous. The feeding trial lasted for 28 days. The results showed that adding BP had no significant effect on the growth performance of rabbits. Compared with the CON group, groups BP6 and BP9 showed the reduced serum diamine oxidase content (P < 0.01). The jejunal secretory immunoglobulin A content in BP6 was higher than in the CON group (P < 0.01). The addition of BP had no significant effect on the jejunal antioxidant capacity. The BP9 increased the abundance of the caecal Firmicutes; BP3 and BP6 increased Bacteroidota; BP6 and BP9 increased Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the BP can be used as a roughage source to reduce intestinal toxic markers, improve the intestinal immune function and the abundance of caecal microflora in growing rabbits. Keywords: caecal microflora, intestinal permeability, secretory immunoglobulin A Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 87-97 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/146/2022-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/146/2022-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:146-2022-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Novia Qomariyah Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Andi Ella Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Salfina Nurdin Ahmad Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Yenni Yusriani Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency of The Republic of Indonesia (BRIN), Cibinong Sciences Center, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Tri Rachmanto Prihambodo Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia Author-Name: Yuli Retnani Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Anuraga Jayanegara Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Elizabeth Wina Author-Workplace-Name: Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, Bogor, Indonesia Author-Name: Idat G. Permana Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia Title: Dietary biochar as a feed additive for increasing livestock performance: A meta-analysis of in vitro and in vivo experiment Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the use of biochar as a feed additive on nutrient utilization and livestock performance by employing a meta-analysis method. Various in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the effects of biochar on rumen fermentation, nutrient disappearance, total gas, methane production, microbial population, feed intake, growth performance, blood constituents, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention were tabulated in a database. Data were analysed using the mixed model method in which the different studies were considered as random effects while the biochar addition was treated as a fixed effect. The addition of biochar reduced methane production (quadratic pattern; P < 0.05), but increased the total gas production (P < 0.001). Addition of biochar decreased (quadratic pattern; P < 0.05) volatile fatty acids and acetic acid in the in vitro rumen fermentation data. In the in vivo data, a reduction in feed conversion ratio (quadratic pattern; P < 0.05), as well as a reduction (P < 0.05) in the feed intake parameters of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fibre were observed with biochar addition. Ammonia production and propionic acid tended to increase linearly (P < 0.05) with the biochar supplementation. The biochar supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the nutrient digestibility (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre) and nitrogen retention. In conclusion, biochar supplementation of ruminant diet modulates rumen fermentation by increasing propionic acid but decreasing methane emissions, and enhances livestock performance by increasing nutrient digestibility, growth performance as well as nitrogen retention. Keywords: modelling, pyrolysis, rumen, supplement Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 72-86 Volume: 68 Issue: 2 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/124/2022-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/124/2022-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:68:y:2023:i:2:id:124-2022-CJAS