Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Bezdíček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Andrea Nesvadbová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaromír Ducháček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Sekaninová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Luděk Stádník Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martina Janků Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Title: Changes in the oxidative - biochemical status in dairy cows during the transition period affecting reproductive and health parameters. Abstract: Negative energy balance (NEB) after calving leads to unique metabolic changes in cows and it provides important information on the period when nutrient output prevails over nutrient intake associated with a number of physiological changes in the organism suitable for detection using biochemical blood analyses. The aim of this paper is to summarise current knowledge of the changes in blood parameters during the period of NEB in relation to non-esterified fatty acids, ketone bodies, and immunologic and stress indicators. The impact of these changes on bovine reproduction and health is also discussed in the sequel. The period of NEB is still a very pertinent area of research as it provides a new insight into connections between physiological systems, to wit, ​​immunology, manifestation of various stress indicators, including oxidative stress, and heat shock proteins inter alia. Understanding the physiological changes during NEB is crucial for successful management of the transition period and subsequent overall good animal health and productivity. Keywords: health, immunity, ketosis, reproduction, stress Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 345-355 Volume: 69 Issue: 9 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/128/2024-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/128/2024-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202409-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:69:y:2024:i:9:id:128-2024-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Szu Han Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Northern Region Branch, Ministry of Agriculture-Livestock Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan (ROC) Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (ROC) Author-Name: Hsiao Han Liao Author-Workplace-Name: Northern Region Branch, Ministry of Agriculture-Livestock Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan (ROC) Author-Name: Lee Chia-Xin Author-Workplace-Name: Northern Region Branch, Ministry of Agriculture-Livestock Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan (ROC) Author-Name: Hsiao-Ming Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Northern Region Branch, Ministry of Agriculture-Livestock Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan (ROC) Author-Name: Ling-You Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Northern Region Branch, Ministry of Agriculture-Livestock Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan (ROC) Author-Name: Shih-Te Chuang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung , Taiwan (ROC) Author-Name: Jih-Tay Hsu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (ROC) Title: The effect of different forages on rumen microbiota and milk production performance in Holstein dairy cows Abstract: Optimising the feed composition, especially the forage choice, and reducing costs are essential for improving dairy production efficiency. Different forage sources and proportions were used to formulate rations containing equal energy and protein, and their effects on rumen microbiota and milk production performance of dairy cows were evaluated in two experiments. In experiment 1, thirty lactating cows (235 ±13 d postpartum; milk production 29.1 ± 1.0 kg/day) were divided into Pangola and Bermuda groups. In experiment 2, twenty lactating cows (79.9 ± 8.1 d postpartum; milk production 34.7 ± 0.6 kg/day) were divided into Pangola and oat groups. In experiment 1, the Simpson index for rumen microbiota of the Pangola group was significantly higher than in the Bermuda group (P < 0.05). Analysis of the weighted unique fraction (UniFrac) distances indicated significant differences in the beta diversity of the community composition of rumen microbiota between Pangola, Bermuda and oat groups in both experiments (P < 0.001). The relative abundance of Prevotella brevis was significantly higher in the Pangola group than in the oat group in experiment 2 (P < 0.05). The somatic cell counts (SCCs), C18:0, and C18:1 in milk were significantly higher in the Bermuda group than in the Pangola group (P < 0.05) in experiment 1. On the other hand, milk crude protein (CP) and solids-not-fat (SNF) were significantly higher in the Oat group than in the Pangola group (P < 0.05) in experiment 2; however, milk urea nitrogen (MUN) was significantly higher in the Pangola group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a switch of forage (Pangola vs Bermuda) at a lower proportion of the diet under the high forage level condition (experiment 1) caused only minor changes in rumen microbiota diversity (Simpson index, beta diversity) and milk production performance (milk SCCs, C18:0 and C18:1). On the other hand, a switch of forage (Pangola vs oat) at a higher proportion of the diet under the low forage level condition (experiment 2) resulted in greater changes in rumen microbiota diversity (beta diversity, relative abundances of bacterial taxa, P. brevis relative abundance) and milk production performance (milk CP, SNF, and MUN). Keywords: bovine, forage proportion, microbiota diversity, milk composition, native Pangola hay Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 356-366 Volume: 69 Issue: 9 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/86/2024-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2024-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202409-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:69:y:2024:i:9:id:86-2024-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deiner Jhonel Gongora-Bardales Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Reproduction and Genetic Improvement, Research Institute Livestock and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Marilu Mestanza Mendoza Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Sustainable Development in the Jungle's Brow, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Gleni Tatiana Segura Portocarrero Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Reproduction and Genetic Improvement, Research Institute Livestock and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Lizeth Amparo Heredia Vilchez Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Reproduction and Genetic Improvement, Research Institute Livestock and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Jonathan Alberto Campos Trigoso Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute Agricultural Business, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas. Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: José Américo Saucedo-Uriarte Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Hugo Frias Torres Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Rainer Marco López Lapa Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute Livestock and Biotechnology, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas. Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Segundo Jose Zamora Huaman Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: William Bardales Escalante Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute Livestock and Biotechnology, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas. Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Author-Name: Nilton Luis Murga Valderrama Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Reproduction and Genetic Improvement, Research Institute Livestock and Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza of Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, Peru Title: Preliminary results on the antioxidant capacity of the Coffea arabica grounds extract on semen parameters of Fleckvieh cattle in the Amazonas region Abstract: Livestock farming is vital to a country's economy, and technological innovations in animal genetics and reproductive biotechnologies are key for environmental and socioeconomic development. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Coffea arabica grounds (CAG) extract on the semen parameters of Fleckvieh cattle. CAG was processed, and its antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH, FRAP, and total phenols assays. Semen was collected from a pedigree bull and analysed macroscopically and microscopically. Different concentrations of CAG (0, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/ml) were tested at 4, 12, 24, and 36 h post-refrigeration. The study used a completely randomised design with ten replications, and variables such as motility, kinetic parameters, membrane functionality, and acrosomal integrity were analysed. The normal distribution of the variables - motility, kinetic parameters, membrane functionality, and acrosomal integrity - was analysed using the Shapiro-Wilk statistical test (P > 0.05). An analysis of variance was then performed with a significance level of P < 0.05 to compare the means, using InfoStat software. Results showed that 1 mg of CAG significantly improved total motility and progressive motility at 4 h, along with kinetic parameters and membrane integrity. Overall, CAG exhibits antioxidant properties that enhance sperm characteristics, particularly at 1 mg/ml concentration after 4 h of refrigeration. However, further studies are needed to understand better the mechanisms of action and the overall efficacy of CAG as an antioxidant agent in this specific context. Keywords: acrosomal integrity, bovine, kinetic parameters, membrane functionality Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 367-377 Volume: 69 Issue: 9 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/115/2024-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/115/2024-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202409-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:69:y:2024:i:9:id:115-2024-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Antonella Dalle Zotte Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Agripolis, Italy Author-Name: Marco Cullere Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Agripolis, Italy Author-Name: Bianca Palumbo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Agripolis, Italy Author-Name: Tamás Donkó Author-Workplace-Name: Medicopus Nonprofit Ltd., Kaposvár, Hungary Author-Name: Zoltán Sütő Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár, Hungary Author-Name: Gábor Milisits Author-Workplace-Name: Bábolna TETRA Ltd., Bábolna, Hungary Title: Does the incidence of egg yolk influence the meat quality and fatty acid profile of broilers of two chicken genotypes? Abstract: The present experiment studied the effects of egg composition (egg yolk content; Y) of two different chicken genotypes (selected by computed tomography; CT) on hatched chick growth performance, slaughter traits, and meat quality. Three thousand five hundred eggs per genotype were scanned by CT. Then, for each genotype, eggs were selected according to their Y content: low (21.0 ± 0.88 - 350 eggs), medium (24.5 ± 0.15- 350 eggs) and high (28.3 ± 0.98 - 350 eggs). The remaining eggs were excluded from the study. At 11 weeks of age, 15 chickens per group were slaughtered, carcasses were dissected and breast and legs were excised and dedicated to meat quality evaluations. Many parameters were influenced in the meat-type (EE) chickens, including slaughter, breast and leg weights, and abdominal fat content, whereas only the breast incidence on slaughter weight was affected in Tetra-H hybrid. In neither genotype were the meat traits affected by Y content. Two exceptions were represented by leg thawing loss, higher in low Y group compared to medium and high Y group, and by tibia length, longer in high Y content group than in the medium one, both for EE chickens. Similar findings were observed for the meat fatty acid (FA) profile, as only some single FA were influenced by Y content, however, apparently without a specific physiological meaning. The present work demonstrated that the Y content, measured by CT, allowed to select high-quality meat-type animals characterised by the best productive performances in terms of growth rate, live weight, slaughter weight, breast and thigh weights, and with lower abdominal fat content. These findings would bring positive advantages to hatcheries in terms of chick quality and also to farmers in terms of economic revenues: They would rear robust animals that would guarantee a higher probability of survival in the first rearing period and would be characterised by a high slaughter weight at the end of the productive cycle. Keywords: carcass traits, computed tomography, genotype, performance, poultry, proximate composition Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 378-387 Volume: 69 Issue: 9 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/122/2024-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/122/2024-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202409-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:69:y:2024:i:9:id:122-2024-CJAS