Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Emir Mujić Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnical Faculty, University of Bihac, Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Javier Mateo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain Author-Name: Mahsa Dehnavi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of León, Campus de Vegazana, León, Spain Author-Name: Halil Omanović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Aida Džaferović Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnical Faculty, University of Bihac, Bihać, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Munevera Begić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Selma Čorbo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Title: Effect of extruded flaxseed supplementation during the indoor fattening of yearling bulls on beef carcass, meat composition, and fatty acid profile Abstract: This study investigates the impact of supplementing extruded flaxseed to the diet of yearling bulls during the indoor fattening on beef carcass quality, meat composition, and fatty acid profile. Twenty male crossbred calves (Holstein × Simmental) were divided into two groups: control group and flaxseed-supplemented group, each with 10 calves. The control group received a conventional diet, while the flaxseed group was fed the same diet enriched with 5% extruded flaxseed on a dry-matter basis. The study revealed no significant differences in growth performance, carcass weight, or yield between the two groups. However, the flaxseed-supplemented group exhibited a higher intramuscular fat content, which was likely due to the increased energy intake from the flaxseed lipid content. Additionally, flaxseed supplementation improved the fatty acid profile of beef by increasing the percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and reducing the saturated fatty acid (SFA) percentage and the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio. Despite these improvements, the study did not reveal any significant increase in the proportion of n-3 fatty acids in the meat. These findings suggest that while flaxseed supplementation enhances the nutritional profile of beef, further research is needed to optimise the balance of energy intake to maximise the increase in n-3 fatty acids. Keywords: extruded flaxseed, Holstein-Simmental crossbreds, indoor fattening, intramuscular fat, monounsaturated fatty acids, n-6/n-3 ratio Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 518-527 Volume: 70 Issue: 12 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/5/2025-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2025-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202512-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:70:y:2025:i:12:id:5-2025-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karolína Pálešová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jozef Bujko Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Nina Moravčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Hana Vostrá-Vydrová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Adrián Halvoník Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Luboš Vostrý Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radovan Kasarda Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Impact of puerperal disorders on early culling and milk production in Slovak Spotted dairy cows Abstract: Puerperal diseases are major postpartum complications in dairy cattle and may compromise both survival and production performance. This study evaluated how specific puerperal diseases influence early culling risk and standardised 305-day milk traits in Slovak Spotted cows. A total of 792 animals were clinically assessed during early postpartum and classified as healthy or affected by ketosis, metritis, retained foetal membranes, parturient paresis, or by comorbid diseases, defined as the concurrent occurrence of two or more disorders. Logistic regression models indicated that ketosis was associated with the highest odds of culling compared with healthy cows (odds ratio = 2.23; P = 0.05). The multivariable model had a predictive discrimination of 0.75, as indicated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, suggesting moderate performance. After excluding the cows culled during the puerperium to avoid bias from incomplete lactation data, the dataset was restricted to 546 animals. Within this group, metritis was associated with the lowest 305-day milk yield, with an average decrease of 1 124 kg compared with healthy cows (P < 0.05). Protein content was slightly lower in cows affected by puerperal disease (P < 0.05), with no significant differences in milk yield, fat or lactose content, nor lactation persistency index. Parity and sire line still remained the primary determinants of variation in milk traits. The results can be used to support decision-making in herd health management and genetic improvement strategies aimed at enhancing cow longevity and production efficiency. Keywords: cattle, dairy performance, lactation, postpartum, reproduction Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 528-537 Volume: 70 Issue: 12 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/122/2025-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/122/2025-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202512-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:70:y:2025:i:12:id:122-2025-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavlína Navrátilová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Klára Bartáková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Pospíšil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lenka Vorlová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Kopec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Oto Hanuš Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute Ltd., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Hana Nejeschlebová Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute Ltd., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eva Samková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Biotechnologies and Agricultural Products Quality, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Moravian Breeders' Corporation, Inc., Hradištko pod Medníkem, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radoslava Jedelská Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute Ltd., Prague, Czech Republic Title: Lactoferrin - The protective component of goat colostrum and milk Abstract: Lactoferrin (LF) is an important bioactive component of colostrum, is critical for the development of immunity in the newborns, and it is an important component of the mammary gland defence system. LF is also an important biomolecule in terms of promoting and restoring the human health. The aim of our study was to monitor the dynamics of changes in lactoferrin concentration in goat milk at varying stages of lactation and its correlation with selected components and physicochemical parameters. Colostrum (n = 24) and milk (n = 120) samples were obtained from 12 goats by hand milking. Lactoferrin was determined using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with an ion-pairing reagent equipped with a Photodiode Array Detector. The LF concentration in colostrum ranged from 206 mg/l to 1 228 mg/l, and showed a statistically significant decrease in concentration (P < 0.05) over the colostral period. Significant correlation coefficients (P < 0.001) were found between crude protein and LF (r = 0.896), lactose and LF (r = -0.754), as well as between non-fat solids and LF (r = 0.853). The LF content in milk ranged within a relatively wide range of 94 mg/l to 1 115 mg/l although the values were highly variable (vx = 57.0%). Significant correlations were found between fat content and LF in milk (r = 0.429, P < 0.001), crude protein and LF (r = 0.376), non-fat solids and LF (r = 0.361), somatic cell count (SCC) and LF (r = 0.330), as well as log SCC and LF (r = 0.348, P < 0.01). Keywords: bioactive protein, lactation stage, physicochemical parameters, small ruminants Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 538-553 Volume: 70 Issue: 12 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/123/2025-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/123/2025-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202512-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:70:y:2025:i:12:id:123-2025-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marcela Klimesova Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ludmila Krizova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Hana Nejeschlebova Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Oto Hanus Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lenka Vorlova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Origin Food and Gastronomic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Endogenous inhibitory compounds in bovine milk, their significance and methods of detection Abstract: Raw cow's milk is one of the most strictly controlled commodities in the food industry. Besides basic hygienic and nutritional parameters, the presence of inhibitory and contaminant substances plays a critical role in technological quality and safety. While the vast majority of inhibitory residues are represented by antibiotics originating from mastitis prevention and therapy, milk also contains a broad spectrum of naturally occurring native antimicrobial compounds. These include immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, phosphatases, lipases, and proteases acting as integral elements of the innate immune system within the mammary gland. Although these substances are not legislatively regulated, they significantly influence milk processing, starter culture growth, cheese yield, and shelf-life of final dairy products. Their concentration is strongly associated with animal health status, especially mastitis, and may thus also serve as an indirect quality indicator. This review provides a comprehensive overview of native inhibitory compounds in bovine milk, their concentration ranges, biological significance, impact on dairy technology, and the analytical methods currently used for their detection. Keywords: immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, lipase, lysozyme, phosphatase, protease, raw milk Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 499-517 Volume: 70 Issue: 12 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/146/2025-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/146/2025-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202512-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:70:y:2025:i:12:id:146-2025-CJAS