Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Blažek Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Hlušičková Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Varga Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Changes in quality characteristics of Golden Delicious apples under different storage conditions and correlations between them Abstract: In this four-year study, fruits of Golden Delicious cv. randomly sampled from four different orchards on M 9 were kept at 1 or 2oC in air storage, and in the course of storing individually assessed for weight, skin colour, skin blush, skin waxiness, flesh firmness, vitamin C content, total acid content, pH value, total sugars, dry matter and calcium content. Changes in some of these fruit quality characteristics during storage are presented and compared with their course during storage both in the cellar and ULO. The maximum storage life of the fruits in the air storage was estimated at 150 days on average. From individual fruit data, correlations between all the observed characteristics at different stages of the storage period were calculated. Fruit weight was positively correlated with dry matter, vitamin C, sugar and acid content, but negatively correlated with flesh firmness and calcium content. Fruits with more skin blush were correlated with higher vitamin C. Flesh firmness was mostly correlated with dry matter content, but negatively correlated with calcium content and pH values. Vitamin C content was positively correlated with total acids, but negatively correlated with pH values, sugar:acid ratio and calcium content. Total acids were negatively correlated with pH values and sugar:acid ratio. At the end of the storage period, the total acid content was also correlated with dry matter content. Total sugars were closely correlated with dry matter content and negatively correlated with calcium content. Calcium content was very closely negatively correlated with dry matter content, and also negatively correlated with the sugar:acid ratio. Keywords: apples, Golden Delicious cv., storage, fruit analyses, fruit weight, flesh firmness, vitamin C, sugars, acids, calcium, correlations Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 81-89 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3867-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3867-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:3867-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Vachůn Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Faculty of Horticulture, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Variability of 21 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars and hybrids in selected traits of fruit and stone Abstract: Weight, height, width and diameter of fruits and stones were evaluated in 21 apricot cultivars and hybrids in 1994-1997. Statistically significant differences between the measured values of traits confirmed their applicability for objective characterization of genotypes. The evaluated traits are genetic dispositions. It was also proved by the rank of genotypes arranged according to the values of particular traits in one year that was highly significantly identical in the other years of the evaluated period (correlation coefficient r = 0.45++ to 0.87++). The relationship between fruit weight and other traits (stone weight, stone height and stone width) is not linear. Fruit weight increases (or decreases) faster towards the limit values of traits. The average percentage proportion of stone weight in fruit weight ranged from 4.9% to 9.6% in the genotypes over the period of four years. A lower proportion of stone in fruit weight is a positive trait for selection of suitable genotypes for direct consumption and flesh processing. This trait can also be a suitable criterion of genotype selection to breed cultivars with a low proportion of inedible part. Promising cultivar Lemeda is an example of the low stone proportion in flesh weight. A high level of variability was found in the values of stone and fruit weight (coefficient of variation v = 19.00% and v = 24.74%, respectively). Coefficients of variation for other traits (fruit and stone height, width and diameter) were by more than a half lower. Keywords: apricot, genotypes, fruit and stone weight, width, height, diameter, relationships and variability Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 90-97 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3868-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3868-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:3868-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Paganová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Taxonomic reliability of leaf and fruit morphological characteristics of the Pyrus L. taxa in Slovakia Abstract: A population of 1,149 pear individuals from Slovakia is analysed according to their morphological characteristics of fruits and leaves. Three basic taxa were identified - Pyrus pyraster, Pyrus amphigenea and Pyrus nivalis. Qualitative traits (shape of leaf blade, fruit shape, type of leaf or fruit base, etc.) allowed the exact identification of a particular taxon only in some cases. Quantitative characteristics of leaves proved to be more suitable for the identification of analysed taxa. Statistically significant differences were found between all studied taxa in the values of leaf length and width, and also in the values of relative characteristics that described the leaf shape. Exceptionally the length of leaf petiole had very variable values (Sx% = 25.70-29.75%), therefore it was impossible to classify the species according to this character. Generally, fruit shapes and dimensions are less representative for taxonomy use although significant differences between all studied taxa were found in the values of fruit length. The correct taxonomic classification of pears cannot be done according to one characteristic. It is important to consider a few of them (shape and length of leaf blade or its slenderness, shape quotients and also the shape and length of fruits) for the appropriate classification of pear individuals. Keywords: Pyrus L., taxa, classification, leaves, fruits, morphological characteristics Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 98-107 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3869-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3869-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:3869-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.G. Tsipouridis Author-Workplace-Name: Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Author-Name: T. Thomidis Author-Workplace-Name: Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Title: Influence of natural leaf drop and nutritional status of the stock plant on rooting of peach cuttings Abstract: This study showed that rooting is strongly affected by natural leaf drop occurring during cutting collection. Observations carried out during sampling showed that cultivars with more than 80% leaf drop had lower rooting percentages than cuttings from cultivars with leaf drop between 44 to 75%, and that generally, the peaks of leaf drop coincide very closely with low rooting. Besides, it was found that there is a relation between Fe and N content in the bark of cuttings and their rooting. The peaks of Fe content coincide with the peaks of rooting. In contrast, the peaks of N content coincide with the lowest percentage of rooting. Overall, there seems to be no clear-cut relation between rooting and contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn. Keywords: elements, hardwood cuttings, peach, cultivars, rooting Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 108-111 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3870-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3870-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:3870-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Ducsay Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Varga Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Cultivation of Brassica pekinensis under different forms of nitrogen nutrition Abstract: A pot trial was aimed to investigate the effect of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer on the aboveground phytomass yield, vitamin C content and uptake of some macroelements by Brassica pekinensis. The trial was conducted in 2000 and 2001 in pots containing 10 kg of loamy brown soil. Optimized NPK nutrition with the rate of 90.9 kg/ha N increased phytomass yields of Chinese cabbage in all treatments compared to the unfertilized control. The most marked increase (by 55.6%) of yield was obtained when N was applied in the form of (NH4)2 SO4. The yields in the other treatments declined as follows: NH4NO3 > Mg (NO3)2 > KNO3 > DAM-390. Positive effects of full NPK nutrition on vitamin C content were determined. Depending on the forms of N fertilizer, the content of vitamin C in fresh mass of cabbage decreased in the following order: DAM-390 (629.0 mg/kg of fresh mass) >Mg(NO3)2 > KNO3 > NH4NO3 > (NH4)2SO4. Optimization of NPK rates contributed to the increase in N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S uptake by the yield of final product in comparison with unfertilized control. The highest uptake of nutrients was determined in the treatment with N applied in the form of (NH4)2SO4. Keywords: Brassica pekinensis, NPK nutrition, vitamin C, macroelements Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 112-115 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3871-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3871-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:3871-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Varga Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Ducsay Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Influence of sodium humate on the yield and quality of green pepper Abstract: In greenhouse conditions a 3-year small-plot experiment was conducted on loamy Chernozem originating from the humus horizon to investigate the effect of sodium humate application on yield, nitrate content and vitamin C content in green pepper fruits. The application of 5 kg of sodium humate per hectare in the form of watering 3 weeks after planting of pepper seedlings under full NPK nutrition (N nutrition was divided as follows: 2/3 of total N before planting and 1/3 of total N together with sodium humate 3 weeks after planting) resulted in a statistically significant increase in pepper yield by 13.6% at a concomitant significant reduction of nitrate content in pepper fruits by 12% and increase in vitamin C content by 28.6%. Keywords: sodium humate, green pepper, vitamin C, nutrition Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 116-120 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/6003-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6003-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:6003-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.G. Tsipouridis Author-Workplace-Name: Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Author-Name: T. Thomidis Author-Workplace-Name: Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Title: Flaminia, a self-incompatible peach variety: Short communication Abstract: This study showed that the peach variety Flaminia is self-incompatible in Northern Greece, and it produces fruits only after cross fertilization. Among the peach varieties Doukessa, Fayette, Late Naoussas, Princess Anne and Autumn Free used as pollinators, the peach variety Fayette was found as the best in Northern Greece. Keywords: pollinators, peach varieties, self-fertilization Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 121-122 Volume: 30 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3872-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3872-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200303-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:30:y:2003:i:3:id:3872-HORTSCI