Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Blažek Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Vávra Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Pištěková Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Orchard performance of new plum cultivars on two rootstocks in a trial at Holovousy in 1998-2003 Abstract: Thirteen plum cultivars on two rootstocks (Myrobalan and Wangenheim Prune seedlings) were studied in a trial established in the spring of 1998 at spacings 5 × 1.5 m. Trees were trained as spindles. Čačanska najbolja was the most vigorous in this trial, followed by Čačanska rana, Herman and Domestic Prune. The weakest tree vigour was observed on Wegierka Dabrowicka, followed by Čačanska rodna and Empress. Čačanska najbolja, Wegierka Dabrowicka and Valor had the highest yield per tree, whereas Čačanska rana had the lowest yields. Bluefre was the most precocious cultivar. Wegierka Dabrowicka had the highest yield efficiency followed by Empress and Valor. On the contrary, Čačanska rana, Early Blue and Domestic Prune belonged to the least productive cultivars. Trees on Wangenheim Prune seedlings grew about one third weaker than those on Myrobalan seedlings but their yield efficiency was about 31% higher although their yields per tree were about 12% lower. The largest fruits were recorded with Bluefre. Čačanska rana, Empress, Valor and Oneida were also ranked among large fruit varieties with minimum differences between them. The mean harvest season of evaluated cultivars started by Herman on the 12th July and ended by Oneida on the 9th September. Valor and Empress had the best performance of tree growth, bearing habit and fruit size, which indicates their good suitability for the modern types of plum orchard. Bluefre may also be of some interest for growers because of the best precocity and large fruit size, and Oneida for prolonging the whole harvest season. Keywords: plum, cultivars, tree vigour, yields, rootstocks, yield efficiency Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 37-43 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3790-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3790-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3790-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Polák Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Division of Plant Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic Title: To the distribution of PPV-M strain in selected orchards of apricots and peaches in the Czech Republic Abstract: The presence and distribution of PPV-M strain of Plum pox virus were investigated in selected orchards of apricots and peaches in the Czech Republic. PPV-M was found to be distributed in apricot and peach orchards planted with nursery material imported from abroad. The presence of PPV-M was not proved in orchards planted with trees from local nurseries. The absence of PPV-M in a majority of spontaneous PPV hosts was proved previously. PPV-M strain appears to have been introduced recently. Keywords: apricot, peach, orchards, Plum pox virus, PPV-M strain, distribution, ELISA, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 44-46 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3791-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3791-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3791-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Blažková Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Hlušičková Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: First results of an orchard trial with new clonal sweet cherry rootstocks at Holovousy Abstract: Ten clonal dwarf or semi-dwarf sweet cherry rootstocks were evaluated for 5 growing seasons in a orchard that was established in the spring 1999 at Holovousy within international cherry rootstock trials that are co-ordinated in Europe by the Danish Institute of Plant and Soil Science at Aarslev, Denmark. Lapins cv. was used as a scion tester for all these rootstocks; five of them were also tested by Regina cv. Among the new rootstocks, G 195/5 was evaluated as the most promising for Lapins cv. It produced trees even smaller than P-HL-A or Tabel (Edabriz), with higher yield efficiency and good fruit size. In agreement with the results of earlier experiments, both P-HL-A and Tabel (Edabriz) proved to be quite reliable rootstocks for modern sweet cherry orchards established there. Among the semi-dwarf rootstocks, G 154/7 also seemed to be interesting because of high yields and fruit size. Weiroot 158 was found as relatively the most promising rootstock for Regina cv. On the other hand, the most disappointing results were obtained with the rootstock Weiroot 53 because of its inferior graft compatibility and its negative influence on fruit size. Some of the tested rootstocks significantly changed the time of flowering and the time of fruit ripening. Several relationships between the observed characteristics were found within this study and they are more thoroughly discussed. Keywords: sweet cherry, rootstocks, cultivars, tree growth, yields, yield efficiency, time of flowering, time of ripening, fruit size Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 47-57 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3792-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3792-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3792-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Valšíková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Vegetables, Nové Zámky, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Králová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Vegetables, Nové Zámky, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Belko Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Vegetables, Nové Zámky, Slovak Republic Title: Evaluation of vegetable pepper assortment Abstract: In the period between 2001 and 2003 selected biological, morphological and technological characteristics were experimentally investigated in the pepper assortment. 12 traits that are important characteristics of individual varieties were studied for different growing methods and for utilisation in breeding work. Keywords: vegetable pepper, assortment, biological, morphological and technological characteristics, evaluation Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 58-62 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3793-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3793-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3793-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Lachman Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Šulc Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Hejtmánková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Pivec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Orsák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Content of polyphenolic antioxidants and trans-resveratrol in grapes of different varieties of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Abstract: Contents of polyphenolic antioxidants as total polyphenols and trans-resveratrol in grape musts, grape skins and seeds of twelve vine varieties from the harvests 2001 and 2002 were determined. Polyphenolic antioxidants of grapes are very effective in preventing cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Total polyphenolic content was determined spectrophotometrically with phenol Folin-Ciocalteau's reagent and trans-resveratrol content by the HPLC method. The average annual total polyphenol contents in the years 2001 and 2002 were 171 mg/land 324 mg/lin the must, 7,470 mg/l and 15,600 mg/kg DM in grape skins and 91,450 and 107,440 mg/kg DM in the seeds. The average annual trans-resveratrol values in the years 2001 and 2002 reached 0.817.10-2 mg/kg DM and 4.97.10-2 mg/kg DM in grape skins and 52.7.10-2 mg/kg DM and 4.63.10-2 mg/kg DM in the seeds and there was hardly any trans-resveratrol presence in the must. The results were evaluated statistically by Statgraphic and Anova programmes. Statistically significant differences in total polyphenols were found between analysed vintages, varieties and contents in seeds and grape skins. Regarding the trans-resveratrol content, statistically significant differences between vintages were found. Keywords: grapevine, grapes, must, skins, seeds, polyphenolic antioxidants, trans-resveratrol, effect of varieties, vintages, plant part Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 63-69 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3794-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3794-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3794-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Šalamon Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology, Prešov University, Prešov, Slovak Republic Title: The Slovak gene pool of German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) and comparison in its parameters Abstract: Plant habit and production of secondary metabolites in chamomile plants depend on endogenous and exogenous factors that can be divided into two groups (Franz 1982): a) morpho-ontogenetic variability, b) genetic variability or genetic determinateness. The activity of these factors is reflected in biomass production, flower drug production, content and composition of essential oil and some other characteristics of chamomile stands. This study presents genetic and environmental variations of essential oil and its sesquiterpene composition - (-)-B of chamomile population (Lawrence 1986). Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the chamomile essential oil of selected cultivars indicate (-)- compounds belong to the chemotype C group (Lawrence 1986). Parameters of the composition of essential oil from cultivated chamomile varieties, Keywords: German chamomile, Matricaria recutita L., East-Slovakian Lowland, diploid & tetraploid varieties, morpho-ontogenetic & genetic variability Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 70-75 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3795-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3795-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3795-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Zemánek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Institute of Horticulture Mechanisation, Břeclav, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Abrham Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Institute of Horticulture Mechanisation, Břeclav, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Burg Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Institute of Horticulture Mechanisation, Břeclav, Czech Republic Title: Economic effectiveness of mulching machines operations Abstract: The paper deals with main factors influencing the decision on machine innovation. The machine is chosen on the basis of technical and economic parameters, way of utilisation and external economic conditions of the agricultural enterprise. The paper presents a model solution to the choice of an appropriate machine set for mulching of inter-rows in orchards and vineyards on 5 sets determined for identical operation. Keywords: vineyards, machine sets for mulching, minimal operation, operational costs Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 76-80 Volume: 31 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3796-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3796-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200402-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:2:id:3796-HORTSCI