Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Blažek Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Křelinová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Drahošová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Segregation of powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha [Ell. et Ev. /Salm./]) resistance within 54 apple progenies Abstract: The occurrence of powdery mildew after heavy spontaneous infections was evaluated on 2,500 apple seedlings of 54 progenies that were derived from crosses made in 1993 and 1994. At the same time, the response to mildew was also assessed on 47 cultivars or selections that were used as parents for the crosses. Scores of the strongest infestation were used for final ranking of every seedling or parent. The highest proportions (33 and 28%) of seedlings with complete resistance to mildew were attained in 2 progenies involving parents transmitting monogenic resistance to the pathogen. A few seedlings with this resistance were also found in other 7 progenies. Seedlings with partial resistance to mildew were distributed in the highest proportions (about 30%) among 7 progenies. In 6 out of these progenies, always one parent was derived from partially resistant selections that were selected in the first generation from the cross Spätblühender Taffetapfel × Court Pendu Plat. A very close relationship was found between mid-scores of parents and mean response to powdery mildew infection in progenies. Seedlings on average were significantly more infested than their parents. Progenies determined to have a columnar growth habit were somewhat less infested than progenies possessing a standard growth pattern only. This study revealed considerable improvement of some donors transmitting partial resistance to powdery mildew. Keywords: Podosphaera leucotricha, apple, mildew, resistance, cultivars, breeding Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 81-87 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3797-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3797-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3797-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. T. Chatzitheodorou Author-Workplace-Name: N.AG.RE.F., Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Author-Name: T. E. Sotiropoulos Author-Workplace-Name: N.AG.RE.F., Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Author-Name: G. I. Mouhtaridou Author-Workplace-Name: N.AG.RE.F., Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Author-Name: D. Almaliotis Author-Workplace-Name: N.AG.RE.F., Pomology Institute, Naoussa, Greece Title: Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers and manure on growth and productivity of the peach cultivars Springtime and Redhaven Abstract: The response of the peach cvs. Springtime and Redhaven to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers and manure is reported. The research was conducted during a period of 10 years. The following fertilizer combinations were used: control (no fertilization), N, P, K, NP, NK, PK, NPK, manure, N + manure, P + manure, K + manure, NP + manure, NK + manure, PK + manure, NPK + manure. The following measurements were performed: a) productivity (kg/tree); b) mean fruit weight (g); c) fruit number per tree; d) fruit setting (%); e) trunk circumference (cm), and f) shoot weight (kg) removed by pruning. It is concluded from the results that the two cvs. did not always respond to the various treatments in the same way. Application of N plus manure to peach trees of the cv. Springtime resulted in the highest productivity. The higher productivity of the cv. Redhaven was recorded in the treatments N and NPK. The lowest productivity, fruit number, total trunk circumference and shoot weight removed by pruning of both cvs. were recorded in the control and PK treatments in comparison with all the others. Fruit setting of the cv. Springtime was highest in the NP + manure treatment, followed by the PK + manure one. Fruit setting of the cv. Redhaven was higher in the PK + manure, NK + manure and K + manure treatments. Shoot weight that was removed by pruning was highest in the NK + manure treatment for the cv. Springtime, whereas for the cv. Redhaven it was highest in the N + manure treatment in comparison with the remaining ones. Keywords: mineral fertilizers, manure, fruit set, fruit weight, Prunus persica, trunk circumference, yield, cultivars Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 88-92 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3798-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3798-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3798-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kosina Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology, Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Orchard performance of two plum cultivars on some clonal rootstocks Abstract: A plum rootstock trial with Stanley and Cacanska najbolja cvs. was established in spring 1992. The following rootstocks were assessed: MY-BO-1, Myrobalan SE 4043 (both Prunus cerasifera), MY-KL-A (P. cerasifera × P. cerasifera var. atropurpurea), Marunke SE 4034 (Ackerman), St. Julien A, Brompton, GF 655/2, GF 1869, GF 1380, GF 43, Damascena SE 4045, Pixy and Myrobalan seedling. Yields, trunk cross-section area, number of suckers and mean fruit weights were evaluated in the orchard in 1993-2003. There were statistically significant differences in trunk cross-section area, yield and yield efficiency between the tested rootstocks. Trees of Stanley were the most vigorous on MY-KL-A, followed by GF 43, GF 1380 and Myrobalan seedling. The weakest growth was recorded on trees grafted on Pixy, then on GF 655/2 and MY-BO-1. With Cacanska najbolja the growth was the strongest on GF 43, followed by Myrobalan seedling, MY-KL-A and Myrobalan SE 4043. The most compact trees were on Pixy and then on GF 655/2 and Marunke SE 4034. The total accumulated yield per tree was the highest with Stanley on MY-KL-A, followed by Brompton and St. Julien A. The cultivar Cacanska najbolja was most productive on Myrobalan SE 4043 and also on St. Julien A. The yield efficiency with both cultivars was the highest on GF 655/2, and the lowest one on GF 1380 (Stanley) or on Myrobalan seedling (Cacanska najbolja). No statistically significant differences between the tested rootstocks were found in fruit size. Suckers were the most prolific on GF 1869, followed by GF 655/2 and Marunke SE 4034. Based on the hitherto experience, the best rootstocks for Stanley seem to be MY-KL-A and MY-BO-1 and for Cacanska najbolja Myrobalan SE 4043 and St. Julien A. Keywords: plum, rootstock, growth vigour, yield, suckering Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 93-95 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3799-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3799-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3799-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Moravcová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Baránek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Pidra Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: The use of RAPD markers for differentiation of grapevine varieties registered in the Czech Republic Abstract: Fifty-one grapevine cultivars registered in the Czech Republic were a subject of RAPD analysis. Nine grapevine varieties which were supposed to be genetically distant, were analysed by means of 120 Operon primers during the initial screening of RAPD method. Sixteen primers producing reproducible and polymorphic bands were then used for amplification of all registered varieties. A dendrogram of genetic relationships and a methodology of identification of each variety were created. The resultant dendrogram mostly corresponds with known information about the origin and genetic relationships of the varieties. It is necessary to use the combination of RAPD markers for identification of each variety. It was possible to identify 26 out of 51 varieties registered in the Czech Republic by RAPD markers without any problems. Nine varieties were identifiable only on the basis of present and absent markers. Some varieties were very close relatives - they formed remote clusters. It was not possible to distinguish between them by RAPD method. Two varieties were not identifiable by the designed key. Keywords: grapevine, registered cultivars, fingerprinting, RAPD Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 96-101 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3800-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3800-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3800-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Juhásová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K. Adamčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: H. Ivanová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Kobza Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Situation of damage caused by Cryphonectria parasitica to forest stands and orchards of Castanea sativa by 2001 in Slovakia Abstract: In the present paper the knowledge of evaluation of the health condition of Castanea sativa (Mill.) in forest stands was summarised. It was found out that the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr damaged the coppices until 60 years. Degree of damage (Ihc) in the evaluated localities ranged from 1.11 to 3.50. Between 1992 and 2001 the biological protection in orchards by the method of hypovirulent converted strains from France was used. This method had not been used in forest stands until then. The efficiency of canker treatment ranged from 38.9% to 64.9%. On the basis of genetic variability of C. parasitica isolates they were classified into 4 vegetative-compatible (v-c) groups. Keywords: Castanea sativa, Cryphonectria parasitica, hypovirulence, biological control, Slovak Republic Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 102-108 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3801-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3801-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3801-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Juhásová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: S. Bernadovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Efficacy of biofungicides Supresivit and Polyversum against Phytophthora root pathogens on European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Abstract: The effect of two commercially produced biopreparations on the originators of chestnut ink disease in Slovakia - soil fungi Phytophthora cambivora and Phytophthora cinnamomi was tested in laboratory conditions. Investigations of interrelations between Trichoderma harzianum (Pythium oligandrum) and isolates of Phytophthora sp. obtained from infected tissues of Castanea sativa Mill. proved more important inhibitive effects for Pythium oligandrum (biopreparation Polyversum); efficiency 25.3% (Ph. cambivora) and 26.2% (Ph. cinnamomi). Biopreparation Supresivit (Trichoderma harzianum) reached the efficiency 9.1% for Ph. cambivora isolates and 9.2% for Ph. cinnamomi isolates. Significant effect of the used bioformulas for inhibition of mycelial growth of both Phytophthora sp. and significant difference in the efficacy of two different bioformulas were confirmed statistically. Keywords: sweet chestnut, Phytophthora cambivora, Phytophthora cinnamomi, biological control, biopreparations, Trichoderma harzianum, Pythium oligandrum Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 109-114 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3802-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3802-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3802-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Neugebauerová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Petříková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Possibilities of pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicide applications in Prunella vulgaris L. growth Abstract: Possibilities of herbicide applications to the self-heal (Prunella vulgaris L.) growth were tested in 1997-1998. Experiments showed that the application of pre-emergence herbicides in the Prunella vulgaris L. growth was efficient when 3 l/ha ofherbicide with 500 g/lisoproturon as an active ingredient were used. Herbicide applications had no influence on the emergence rate of direct seeding. Among the post-emergence herbicides it is possible to use glyphosate-IPA in 50% concentration by the wick applicator to Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski. The results of these experiments can be used as a basis for testing the herbicide biological efficacy in the framework of minority indications for cultivated medicinal plants. . Keywords: Prunella vulgaris L., Lamiaceae, pre-emergence herbicide, post-emergence herbicide, trifluralin, metobromuron, isoproturon, glyphosate-IPA, chloridazon, metolachlor, fluazifop-P-butyl, clopyralid Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 115-118 Volume: 31 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3803-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3803-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200403-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:3:id:3803-HORTSCI