Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Klíma Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vyvadilová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Production and utilization of doubled haploids in Brassica oleracea vegetables Abstract: A possibility to increase the efficiency of plant regeneration from microspore-derived embryos of selected botanical varieties of Brassica oleracea was investigated from 2001 to 2004. More than 400 regenerants of R1 generation were derived in kohlrabi, cabbage and cauliflower by means of different modifications of microspore culture technique. Distinct genotype differences in embryogenic responsibility and regenerative ability of microspore embryos to whole plants were detected. The highest frequency of embryogenesis and subsequent regeneration of plants were achieved in cauliflower cultivar Siria F1, kohlrabi line P7 and some experimental F1 hybrids of cauliflower. The best production of embryos was obtained when donor plants were grown in the growth chamber under controlled light and temperature conditions. The regeneration of plantlets was considerably improved by repeated subculture of cotyledonary embryos on media with various combinations of phytohormones and excision of the cotyledons from mature embryos. The percentage of plant regeneration from subcultured embryos in kohlrabi ranged from 11.11 to 63.64%, in cauliflower from 23.53 to 46.19% and in cabbage from 5.88 to 52.00%. The utilization of regenerants for doubled haploid line production is often complicated by male sterility also in plants with the normal diploid chromosome number. Keywords: Brassica oleracea, microspore culture, plant regeneration, doubled haploids Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 119-123 Volume: 31 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3804-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3804-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200404-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:4:id:3804-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.W. Alsalihy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Křižan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Klemš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Fišerová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hradilík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of growth regulators on the rooting of shoots of the peach rootstock Ishtara in in vitro conditions Abstract: The effect of indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA) and paclobutrazol (PP 333) on the rooting of shoots of the Ishtara peach rootstock was examined in in vitro conditions in light. In the first stage of the experiments the effect of the IBA concentration (0, 0.75, 1.5 mg/l) was studied and in the second stage the effect of the interaction of IBA (0.75 mg/l) and PP 333 (0.06 and 0.12 mg/l) in the MS medium, which is optimal for the rooting of the peach rootstock Ishtara. During shoot cultivation we evaluated root formation (average length and number). During rhizogenesis the production of ethylene, ethane and CO2 by the shoots and the level of abscisic acid (ABA) in the shoot base was monitored in in vitro conditions. Shoots cultivated on the MS medium with 1.5 mg/l of IBA produced the highest number of roots and the longest roots that produced the lowest level of ethylene and CO2 and the level of ABA was the lowest in the bases. Keywords: IBA, PP 333, ethylene, ABA, Prunus persica L., rooting in vitro Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 124-131 Volume: 31 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3805-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3805-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200404-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:4:id:3805-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Stano Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: K. Mičieta Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: E. Tokhtaeva Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Valšíková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Koreňová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Blanáriková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Demonstration of lactase activity in culture medium of melon cells Abstract: Lactase activity was detected in a culture medium of the cell suspension culture of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.). A simple, rapid and reproducible procedure for identification of extracellular lactase is described using callus cultures of seedlings from the tested plant, hairy roots of 2.5 days old seedlings of watermelon germinating on agar plates as well as cell suspension cultures derived from callus cultures. For the determination of intracellular activities of lactase, 6-bromo-2-naphthyl-β-D-galactopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside were used as synthetic substrates. The extracellular lactase activity was determined by evaluating the day-zone in agar medium. The enzyme from watermelon callus cultures and seedling roots, cultivated on agar plates supplemented with 6-bromo-2-naphthyl-2-bromo-β-D-galactopyranoside, hydrolyzed this substrate releasing 6-bromo-naphthyl. By simultaneous coupling with hexazonium p-rosaniline or Fast Blue BB the corresponding azo dye was formed. The parallel extracellular and intracellular activities were determined in cell suspension cultures derived from callus cultures. The results show a 43.8% intracellular and 54.2% extracellular distribution of lactase activity. The described agar plate method enables a rapid, simple and specific detection of plant processes of extracellular lactase. Keywords: intracellular lactase, extracellular lactase, watermelon Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 132-135 Volume: 31 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3806-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3806-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200404-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:4:id:3806-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Vlastníková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Moravcová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Pidra Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: The RAPD analysis of several cultivars of grapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) and their clones Abstract: Nine identification RAPD markers (Moravcová et al. 2003) were used to distinguish 24 clones and grapevine cultivars. No polymorphism was detected among all the tested clones of Chardonnay, Pinot gris and Zweigeltrebe from Polešovice. Pinot noir, Pinot gris, Pinot blanc and Pinot Meunier were indistinguishable within clones, they also showed the identical RAPD profile within cultivars (except discussed sample No. 26). On the other hand, Auxerrois as a relative to cultivars of Pinot group showed unique patterns and may be classified as a different cultivar. Some irregularities within the cultivars of Pinot family from Oblekovice were also found, several of them gave different results from those expected: Pinot blanc sample 26 has the RAPD profile typical of Chardonnay. A new abnormal RAPD pattern as a marker of typical Chardonnay and Pinot profiles was observed in two cases. While RAPD banding patterns could not distinguish between the known clones, they were useful for distinguishing between phenotypically similar cultivars and for assessing the origins of cultivars thought to have originated as sports. Keywords: grapevine, clones, fingerprinting, RAPD Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 136-139 Volume: 31 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3807-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3807-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200404-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:4:id:3807-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Navrátilová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Title: Protoplast cultures and protoplast fusion focused on Brassicaceae: A review Abstract: The subjects of this article are protoplast isolations and protoplast fusions, in particular their history, a review of factors influencing the protoplasts isolation and fusion, selection of hybrid plants and utilization of somatic hybrids in plant breed-ing. Somatic hybridization through protoplast fusion can overcome sexual incompatibility among plant species or genera; transfer genes of resistance to diseases (viral, bacterial, fungal), pests, herbicides and others stress factors; obtain cybrid plants; transfer cytoplasmic male sterility or incease content of secondary metabolites in hybrid plants. The article is focussed mainly on the family Brassicaceae because among representatives are significant crops for the human population. Various successful combination of intraspecific, interspecific and intergeneric protoplast fusion were reported between representatives of the family Brassicaceae with the genus Brassica which belonged to the first agricultural crops used for the isolation of protoplast. Keywords: Brassicaceae, Brassica, protoplast isolation, protoplast fusion, somatic hybridization, resistance to diseases and abiotic factors Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 140-157 Volume: 31 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3809-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3809-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200404-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:31:y:2004:i:4:id:3809-HORTSCI