Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Ivanová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: G. Juhásová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Š. Čerčer Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Branch of Woody Plants Biology, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Damage to peach and apricot trees in selected localities of Slovakia Abstract: In this paper we have evaluated the health condition of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch and Prunus armenia-ca L. for the occurrence of the parasitic microscopic fungus Cytospora cincta Sacc. Apricot trees in 5 localities with 10 sites and peach trees in 5 localities with 8 sites were evaluated. We identified symptoms of the disease in host plants, conditions for isolation and cultivation of the fungus and the growth rate of the mycelium hyphae on various substrates. The damage degree was evaluated in 330 trees in four localities while most trees were characterised by degree 1-3. We have derived conclusions for protective measures to prevent further spreading of the infection. Keywords: Prunus persica, Prunus armeniaca, Cytospora cincta, health condition, plant protection Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 123-128 Volume: 32 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3778-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3778-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200504-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:32:y:2005:i:4:id:3778-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Bujdosó Author-Workplace-Name: 2 Author-Name: K. Hrotkó Title: Rootstock-scion interactions on dwarfing cherry rootstocks in Hungary Abstract: In 1997 the Research Institute for Fruitgrowing and Ornamentals set up a comparative rootstock trial to study foreign-bred dwarf cherry rootstocks in the Hungarian climate. Based upon their effects on trunk and canopy growth, rootstocks can be classified into 3 groups: very vigorous (Cerasus mahaleb L. Cema, Cerasus avium L. C. 2493, Weiroot 13), medium vigorous (Weiroot 158, Weiroot 154, P-HL-A) and dwarfing rootstocks (Weiroot 72, Weiroot 53, GiSelA 5). Differences between the blooming and ripening times of rootstock/scion combinations were also observed. Linda produced the highest cumulative yield followed by Katalin, Germersdorfi 3 and Piramis. The largest fruit diameter was measured in Germersdorfi 3 among the sweet cherry cultivars; the highest ratio of fruits larger than 26 mm was found on Weiroot 72, and the lowest on GiSelA 5. The largest fruit diameter of the sour cherry Piramis was observed in trees on Cerasus avium C. 2493. Keywords: sweet and sour cherry, rootstocks, vigour, yield, fruit diameter, cumulated yield efficiency Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 129-137 Volume: 32 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3779-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3779-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200504-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:32:y:2005:i:4:id:3779-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. D. Lagibo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Kobza Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Suchánková Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Cytometry, Institute of Experimental Botany, Olomouc, Czech Republic Title: Polyploidy effects on frost tolerance and winter survival of garden pansy genotypes Abstract: This study was conducted to interpret the differences in frost tolerance and winter survival between 8x, 10x, 12x, 14x, and 16x ploidy levels of garden pansy (Viola × wittrockiana Gams) genotypes grown in the field conditions. Plants of each genotype were analyzed for their ploidy levels using flow cytometry. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured with portable chlorophyll fluorometer in the greenhouse and in the field at different time intervals. Increased frost stress generally reduced the fluorescence values in all genotypes. However, the genotypes differed significantly in their responses to frost as they were exposed to minimum temperatures of 1°C to -7.7°C in the field. Based on the percentage reduction in FV/FM values against -7.7°C temperature the hexadecaploids were ranked as sensitive to intermediate followed by 12x (sensitive), and genotypes with 10x and 14x ploidy levels were tolerant as the controls. The winter survival rate of hexadecaploids was by 7 to 9% lower than in the controls followed by the genotype with 12x and both genotypes with 10x and 14x ploidy levels were about equal to the controls. On the other hand, the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids) was the highest in hexadecaploids and tended to increase with increasing ploidy level. Further, the results gave insight that chlorophyll fluorescence could be applied directly in the field conditions to screen genotypes and select plants having higher frost tolerance in combination with improved aesthetic qualities. Keywords: Viola × wittrockiana, garden pansy, induced polyploidy, photosynthetic pigments, flow cytometry, chlorophyll fluorescence, frost tolerance Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 138-146 Volume: 32 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3780-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3780-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200504-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:32:y:2005:i:4:id:3780-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Demir Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey Author-Name: A. Balkaya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey Title: Seed development stages of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.) genotypes in Turkey Abstract: This research determined the stages of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala L.) seed development in Samsun province, Turkey, between 2002 and 2003. Plants of inbred kale lines (55TE07, 55TK09, 52PE09, 61ÇY01 and 67DE01) were grown. On the basis of seed and embryo colour, seed morphology (seed length, seed width and embryo length), seed development can be divided into 7 discrete but contiguous stages. The germination rate of inbred lines was at its maximum, or near to its maximum, until the seed moisture declined to 50%. Germination rates reached a maximum level at 65 days after pollination (DAP). It was concluded that kale seeds should be harvested when pods became brown in stage 7 (65 DAP). This study will be used for comparisons with seed development in other Brassica species. Keywords: Brassica oleracea var. acephala, kale, seed development, germination Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 147-153 Volume: 32 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3781-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3781-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200504-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:32:y:2005:i:4:id:3781-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Šulc Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Lachman Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Hejtmánková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Orsák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Relationship between antiradical activity, polyphenolic antioxidants and free trans-resveratrol in grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Abstract: Contents of polyphenolic antioxidants as total polyphenols (TP), free trans-resveratrol (R) and their antiradical activity (ARA) in grape skins and seeds of grape varieties and TP in grape musts originating from 5 wine-growing Czech areas from the harvest 2003 were determined. TP content was determined spectrophotometrically with phenol Folin-Ciocalteau's reagent, R content by HPLC method, and ARA employing the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl stable free radical (DPPH.). Obtained results were evaluated statistically by Statistica programme. TP did not show any statistically significant differences between the analysed varieties (p < 0.05) in grape seeds and skins, but regarding wine-growing regions a significant difference in TP (p < 0.10) in grape skins was found. ARA (p < 0.05) was not significant either for grape seeds or for grape skins in relation to wine-growing regions and varieties. The highest TP contents were found in grape seeds (536.6 mg/g DM), whereas R contents were higher in the skins (av. 1.67 μg/kg DM). Blue grape varieties showed a higher TP content in grape skins and also in must as compared with white grape varieties. The assessment of ARA of extracts of model constituents of grapes tannin (T) and gallic acid (GA) revealed their higher antiradical activity in comparison with ascorbic acid (AA). Keywords: vine, must, skins, seeds, polyphenolic antioxidants, trans-resveratrol, antiradical activity, varieties, wine-growing areas Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 154-162 Volume: 32 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3782-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3782-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200504-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:32:y:2005:i:4:id:3782-HORTSCI