Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sz. Jakusné Sári Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Faculty of Horticulture, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: E. Forró Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Faculty of Horticulture, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary Title: Relationships between humification and productivity in peat-based and peat-free growing media Abstract: Peat-based and peat-free (compost) materials were tested in a vegetable forcing experiment with Danubia green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Stability and quality of humic substances and the turnover of different nitrogen forms was determined in the studied media during the vegetation period. The main objective was to find how the degree of humification might influence the productivity of a crop under greenhouse conditions. The highest humus stability and humus stability coefficient values were detected in the green waste compost. Among different peat media, the low-moor peat was more humificated than the mixture of low-moor and high-moor peat. When the medium is more humificated it has a larger mobile nitrogen reserve. However, the structure stability decreases with the increasing humification. The mixture of two types of peat had the most favourable effect on nitrogen supply and the yield of pepper was the highest when grown on this medium. The nitrogen supplying ability of the examined compost was excellent but its structure stability deteriorated during the growing season. Keywords: compost, green pepper, humification, nitrogen, peat Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 45-49 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/638-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/638-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200802-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:35:y:2008:i:2:id:638-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Neumüller Author-Workplace-Name: Unit of Fruit Science, Centre of Life and Food Science Weihenstephan, Technische Universität MÜnchen (TUM), Freising, Germany Author-Name: W. Hartmann Author-Workplace-Name: Unit of Fruit Science, Institute of Special Crop Cultivation and Crop Physiology, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Title: The phenotypically quantitative nature of hypersensitivity of European plum (Prunus domestica L.) against the Plum pox virus and its description using the hypersensitivity index Abstract: More than 1,300 seedlings of European plum originating from crossing combinations with at least one parent showing hypersensitivity resistance against PPV were analyzed for their reaction to artificial inoculation with PPV using the double grafting method with virus infected interstem. It was shown that the hypersensitivity resistance against the virus is a phenotypically quantitative trait. The different kinds of symptoms observed in the test system, which contribute to the hypersensitivity resistance, range from weak necrosis on the leaf blade and on the stem to the death of the whole young shoots. A hypersensitivity index was developed which helps to determine the degree of hypersensitivity resistance of an individual genotype. Its use is strongly recommended as selection tool in breeding for hypersensitivity resistance. Keywords: sharka disease, hypersensitivity, resistance, hypersensitive response, hypersensitivity index, hypersensitivity class, resistance breeding, stone fruit Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 50-64 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/639-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/639-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200802-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:35:y:2008:i:2:id:639-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Litschmann Author-Workplace-Name: AMET, Velké Bílovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Oukropec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Křižan Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Predicting individual phenological phases in peaches using meteorological data Abstract: The submitted work deals with the relation between the sum of active temperatures above 7°C and important phenological phases in peach tree cultivation. The aim of the paper is to provide information for growers, especially regarding anticipated harvest dates, which is important for marketing. Data has been compiled for the period 1998-2007 for the variety Catherine, grown in the locality of Velké Bílovice in the Czech Republic. A relationship between the sum of active temperatures above 7°C from the beginning of the year up to the start of blossoming has been identified, and a model determining the harvest date on the basis of the sum of active temperatures in the periods of 30 days and 60 days after blossoming has been tested. Keywords: phenology, peach, growing degree hours, blossom, harvest Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 65-71 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/640-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/640-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200802-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:35:y:2008:i:2:id:640-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Blažková Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Hlušičková Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Cultivar and rootstock response to drip irrigation in sweet cherry tree vigour and start of bearing during the first three years after planting Abstract: Fifteen sweet cherry cultivars and three rootstocks were evaluated within three years in two experimental orchards established in the same location in the autumn 2004. In one of them drip irrigation was applied in the periods of insufficient rainfall, i.e. from mid-April to mid-August. This irrigation distinctly increased the vigour of trees that was jointly expressed by trunk-cross-section area, total length of shoots and canopy volume. An increase of tree vigour was the greatest in trees on Mazzard, medium on P-HL-C and the lowest on Gisela 5 rootstocks. The trees on P-HL-C that grew without irrigation similarly as the trees on Gisela 5 grew significantly more vigorously when irrigation was applied. Considerable differences in the response to irrigation were also found among cultivars; it increased the vigour of Halka, Sylvana, Aranka and Burlat more distinctly, whereas the least response to irrigation was recorded in the Horka, Jacinta and Justyna cultivars. The vigour of Regina, Tim and Vanda cultivars grown on P-HL-C rootstock was more extensively increased by irrigation than if they grew on Gisela 5. Flower and fruit sets of irrigated trees were with a few exceptions significantly lower than those of trees without irrigation. Tamara, Sandra and Regina were the most vigorous cultivars in this study, whereas Tim and Skeena had the weakest tree growth. Practical aspects of these findings are briefly discussed. Keywords: sweet cherry, rootstocks, cultivars, drip irrigation, tree vigour, bearing, flower set, fruit set Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 72-82 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/641-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/641-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200802-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:35:y:2008:i:2:id:641-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. G. Tzortzakis Author-Workplace-Name: Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania, Greece Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Olive Tree and Subtropical Plants of Chania, Chania, Greece Author-Name: C. D. Economakis Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Olive Tree and Subtropical Plants of Chania, Chania, Greece Title: Impacts of the substrate medium on tomato yield and fruit quality in soilless cultivation Abstract: The performance and suitability of different substrates for the soilless culture of tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., cv. Belladona) were studied over a 5-month period in a closed soilless culture system employing five different substrates (perlite, pumice or maize and their mixtures with 50% shredded maize stems in an unheated glasshouse). Plants grown in a maize stem-containing medium produced earlier fruits, followed by pumice. Plants grown in pumice and perlite substrates obtained lower total yield; a higher yield was associated with the addition of maize shredded stems. Pumice + 50% maize and 100% maize produced higher total number of fruits per plant. Fruit quality parameters such as mean fruit weight, fruit firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and carotenoids were influenced by the treatment, while EC, pH and dry matter content were not. The results suggest that the addition of maize in perlite and pumice could improve inorganic substrates properties for tomato soilless culture, leading to higher yields and better fruit quality. Keywords: earliness, fruit quality, organic materials, perlite, pumice, carotenoids, soilless culture, tomato, yield Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 83-89 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/642-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/642-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200802-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:35:y:2008:i:2:id:642-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Vejsadová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biodiversity, Silva Tarouca Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Průhonice, Czech Republic Title: Growth regulator effect on in vitro regeneration of rhododendron cultivars Abstract: In Rhododendron L. cv. Azuro, Bohumil Kavka, Catharine van Toll, Grandiflorum, Mars, Nova Zembla, Ortrud, Ovation, Prof. Scholz, Purple Splendour, Rebe and Van Werden Poelman, the effect of growth regulators on organogenesis induction of shoot-tip meristems was tested. All cultivars significantly showed the highest shoot regeneration on MS medium containing 6 mg/dm3 isopentenyladenine (2iP). For most rhododendrons, the highest shoot multiplication was found on a medium with 8-10 mg/dm3 2iP in combination with 1 mg/dm3 indoleacetic acid (IAA). Shoots rooted successfully in the substrate with high level of peat without growth regulators. However, the commercial preparation Racine significantly increased rooting in cv. Grandiflorum, Nova Zembla and Rebe compared with 0.03% indolebutyric acid (IBA). Keywords: Rhododendron L., growth regulators, shoot regeneration, multiplication, shoot rooting Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 90-94 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/643-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/643-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-200802-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:35:y:2008:i:2:id:643-HORTSCI