Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Bohačenko Author-Workplace-Name: Food Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pinkrová Author-Workplace-Name: Food Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Komárková Author-Workplace-Name: Food Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Paprštein Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Selected processing characteristics of new plum cultivars grown in the Czech Republic Abstract: Fermentable sugars (the total of glucose, fructose, and sucrose), sorbitol content, dry matter content, and titrable acidity were monitored in fruits of 16 new plum cultivars from the harvests in 2004-2007. General linear model of two-factor grouping with testing of significance of simple contrasts with LSD method was used for statistical evaluation of plum cultivar chemical characteristics. Based on these results the tested cultivars were further divided into groups as regards their future processing into prunes, damson cheese or distillates. The traditional cultivar Italian Prune, grown in parallel, was used as the reference standard. Cultivars Gabrovská, Chrudimer, Elena, Hamanova, and President showed the best results and can be recommended for the production of distillates as well as prunes and damson cheese. Katinka, Anna Späth, and Veeblue are preferable for the production of distillates. Valjevka and Čačanska lepotica are suitable for processing into prunes and damson cheese. The substandard values of the parameters of concern were determined in Čačanska najbolja, Hanita, and Voyageur. Cultivars Bluefree, Stanley, and Valor were then valuated as the worst ones. Keywords: plum cultivars, processing characteristics, dry matter content, fermentable sugars, sorbitol, titrable acidity, prunes, damson cheese, distillates Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 39-45 Volume: 37 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/26/2009-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/26/2009-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201002-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:37:y:2010:i:2:id:26-2009-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Milošević Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Growing & Viticulture, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Cacak, Serbia Author-Name: N. Milošević Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology & Fruit Breeding, Fruit Research Institute, Cacak, Serbia Author-Name: I. Glišić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Growing & Viticulture, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Cacak, Serbia Author-Name: B. Krška Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Characteristics of promising apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genetic resources in Central Serbia based on blossoming period and fruit quality Abstract: This study presents results on the performance of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genotypes in Central Serbia. The research included observation and recording of biological (i.e. phenological) traits and in situ sampling of fruits from 1,210 grafted trees for determination of pomological and sensorial traits. A total of 14 genotypes were selected and compared with Hungarian Best (control cultivar). The difference in blossoming time between two years was one month. In 2006, blossoming time was found to be earlier in three genotypes, simultaneous in five genotypes and later in six as compared to the control. In 2007, bloom was earlier in four genotypes, simultaneous in four and later in six genotypes. Average fruit weight ranged from 41.34 ± 0.8 to 81.50 ± 4.1 g, T-5 being the only genotype having the fruit weight lower than Hungarian Best (49.07 ± 2.2 g). The content of soluble solids, total sugars, and mineral matter ranged from 15.72-18.88%, 11.53- 4.99%, and 0.29-0.43%, respectively, and total acidity was 0.77-1.08%. The appearance and the skin colour of the genotypes were highly attractive. They have promising traits which suggest that they can be useful parents in apricot breeding programmes. Keywords: blossoming, breeding, diversity, genotype, fruit quality, Prunus armeniaca L Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 46-55 Volume: 37 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/67/2009-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/67/2009-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201002-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:37:y:2010:i:2:id:67-2009-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Čolić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Science Application in Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: D. Milatović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: D. Nikolić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: G. Zec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Title: Isoenzyme polymorphism of almond genotypes selected in the region of northern Serbia Abstract: Isoenzyme polymorphism was studied in 20 almond (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] D.A. Webb) genotypes selected from seedling populations of unknown almond cultivars in the region of northern Serbia (Vojvodina). Fourteen enzyme systems were studied using the method of vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ten systems were polymorphic in twelve loci. This polymorphism allowed unique identification of all studied genotypes. The most useful enzyme for analysis of almond genetic variability was menadione reductase. Polymorphism identified for alkaline phosphatase, formate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, and menadione reductase was reported for the first time in almond. Cluster analysis was used to construct a dendrogram on which five clusters with different number of genotypes could be identified. Keywords: Prunus dulcis, cluster analysis, electrophoresis, isoenzymes Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 56-61 Volume: 37 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/55/2009-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/55/2009-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201002-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:37:y:2010:i:2:id:55-2009-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Mavi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture Antakya, Faculty of Agriculture, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey Title: The relationship between seed coat color and seed quality in watermelon Crimson sweet Abstract: This work was carried out to determine the relationship between seed coat color and seed quality in Crimson sweet watermelon. Seed lots (1, 2, 3, and 4) were prepared taking into consideration seed coat colors in fresh seeds with naked eye. The color parameters of these prepared seed lots were determined using Minolta colorimeter. To determine quality differences between the seed lots, standard germination test, seed weight, water uptake ratio, mean germination time, emergence percentage, mean emergence time, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight and electrical conductivity values were determined. The seed weight (57.22 mg), germination percentage (86.5%), emergence percentage (77.5% total and 76.5% normal), seedling fresh weight (978.7 mg), and dry weight (64.7 mg) of the brown seed lot (Lot 1) were markedly higher than lots having lighter seed coat (2, 3, and 4). On the other hand the mean emergence time (7.7 days) and electrical conductivity value (128.8 μS/cm g in 24 h) of the brown seed lot (Lot 1) were lower than lots having lighter seed coat (2, 3, and 4). The obtained data indicated that seed quality differences can be determined according to the seed coat color of Crimson sweet seeds. It was found that seed lot 1 had higher seed vigor and viability than seed lots 2, 3, and 4. Color parameters b*, C*, L*, and H°, determined by Minolta colorimeter, showed significant correlation with seeds quality parameters. Keywords: seed coat color, watermelon, seed quality, seed germination Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 62-69 Volume: 37 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/53/2009-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/53/2009-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201002-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:37:y:2010:i:2:id:53-2009-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Das Author-Workplace-Name: Vision MGM Agri-Tech and Research Institute Pvt., Ltd., Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India Title: Mass cloning of Rose and Mussaenda, popular garden plants, via somatic embryogenesis Abstract: Protocols were developed for propagation of Rosa hybrida cv. Landora and Mussaenda erythrophylla cv. Rosea via somatic embryogenesis by manipulating growth regulators and culture conditions. Calli were induced from young leaf explants of Rosa hybrida cv. Landora and Mussaenda erythrophylla cv. Rosea on Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine or kinetin along with indole-3-acetic acid or 2,4-dichloroacetic acid within four weeks of culture. The calli were subcultured either in the same medium or in a modified medium for induction of embryogenic callus. Embryogenic calli in rose were developed on Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5-1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 2.0 mg/l 2,4-dichloroacetic acid, and 400-800 mg/l l-proline or l-glutamine. The results showed that stimulation of auxin-induced somatic embryogenesis by proline has a great impact on development of somatic embryos and secondary somatic embryogenesis in rose. In Mussaenda, embryogenic calli were developed on Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5-1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 2.0-3.0 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid, and 10 mg/l ascorbic acid. Somatic embryos were isolated and transferred to half-strength Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.25-0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine + 0.1 mg/l gibberelic acid + 5.0 mg/l adenine sulfate and 2% sucrose for maturation and germination. About 70% somatic embryos of Mussaenda germinated. The rose somatic embryos, however, did not germinate. The somatic embryos of rose, when incubated in the dark at 4°C for two weeks and transferred to 1/2 strength Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.25 mg/l gibberelic acid, and 2% sucrose, showed 60% germination. The seedlings showed a distinct shoot development but the radicles were blunt without well-defined root system. The shoots were harvested and cultured in the multiplication medium containing Murashige, Skoog medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid for four weeks and then subcultured in the same medium for further multiplication. The somatic embryos of Mussaenda erythrophylla cv. Rosea germinated into normal plantlets with distinct shoot and well-developed root system. The somatic embryo-derived plantlets grew normally and flowered within two months of transfer to the field. Keywords: growth regulator, in vitro, ornamental plants, somatic embryogenesis Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 70-78 Volume: 37 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/57/2009-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/57/2009-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201002-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:37:y:2010:i:2:id:57-2009-HORTSCI