Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Sedlák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Vávra Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology in Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Vejl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Boček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Breeding and Propagation of Horticultural Plants, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kloutvorová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology in Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchards Abstract: The apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis is important apple disease in temperate zone. Economical losses caused by the pathogen are effectively reduced by intensive chemical protection and breeding. Occurrences of pathogen resistence to strobilurin fungicides were noted in some Czech orchards in the past. In 2007-2011, collection of 136 isolates V. inaequalis was tested with the aim to detect presence of single-point mutations of cytochrom b (cytb) gene causing efficacy loss of strobilurins. Consequently occurrence of beta-tubulin (beta-tub) gene mutation causing resistance to benomyl was studied with the aim to obtain comparative data about frequency of mutation in non-selective environment. Therefore simple and highly repeatable PCR based mutation detecting methods were optimised. Analysis brought knowledge about high similarity of cytb and beta-tub genes mutations occurrence. Whilst the frequency of the G143A substitution in cytb gene was 65% the E198A substitution of beta-tub gene occurred in 54% within pathogen population. This high frequency of resistant population necessitates revision of the way of strobilurins use in apple scab management. Keywords: Venturia inaequalis, resistance to fungicides, cytochrom b gene, PCR based detection of mutations Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 45-51 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/22/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/22/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:22-2013-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Blažek Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Křelinová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Šecová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Apple cultivars bred in Holovousy. Part 2 - Fruit characteristics and their storage potential Abstract: In continuation of a previous study concerning tree performance and yield characteristics of 20 Holovousy-bred apple cultivars, their fruit characteristics and storage potential were evaluated during 2006-2011 in comparison to commercial standards (Golden Delicious and Jonagold). Fruits of Meteor cv. had the longest storage potential, exceeding six months. It was followed in this respect by cvs Rubimeg, Zuzana, Rucla and Angold that were better than both standards. Mean fruit sizes of cvs Meteor, Angold, Mivibe, Nabella and Zuzana were larger than the standards. Fruits of cultivar Rubin- step were evaluated as the most attractive. In this respect also Rubimeg, Meteor and Rucla were remarkable. Regarding total taste Rucla cv. was the clear winner, followed by cvs Meteor, Rubinstep, Rubimeg and Angold. Regarding total fruit quality cvs Meteor, Rucla and Rubinstep were better than standards. Besides these cultivars, Angold, Fragrance, Julia and Selena were evaluated on the level comparable to standards. Keywords: time of consumption, fruit size, fruit appearance, fruit taste, total fruit quality Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 52-57 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/132/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/132/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:132-2012-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Korba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Bacteriology, Disision of Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Šillerová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Bacteriology, Disision of Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Paprštein Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Sedlák Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Prokinová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Hošková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of susceptibility level of pear cultivars to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) in the Czech Republic Abstract: Thirty-three pear cultivars and selections of potential interest to pear producers and plant breeders in the Czech Republic were tested for relative field susceptibility to the fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) over five years. Level of fire blight susceptibility was evaluated according to the extent of lesion development on the shoot tips after artificial inoculation in experimental plots under insect proof nets. Old cvs Alexander Lucas (as resistant standard), Conference (as moderately resistant standard) and Beurré Bosc (as susceptible standard) were included in the tests. The 33 pear cultivars and selections were tested, only one of them was highly resistant (3.0%), 3.0% were evaluated as resistant, 12.1% moderately resistant, 36.4% moderately susceptible, 18.2% susceptible and 27.3% highly susceptible. Breeding selection US 625-63-10 was the only highly resistant pear genotype (necrosis of shoots of 0-7.0%). Resistant genotype group (necrosis 7.1-13.0%) comprised US 625-63-4. Moderately resistant genotypes (necrosis 13.1-25.0%) included cvs Alexander Lucas, Alfa, Bohemica and HL 31-50-31. Highly susceptible genotypes (necrosis more than 80.1%) included cvs Vonka, Karina, Bona, Decora, Elektra, Milka, Regina, Alice and TE 4763. The remaining genotypes were moderately susceptible (necrosis 26.1-60.0%) and susceptible (necrosis 60.1-80.0%). Keywords: bacterial disease, pome fruit trees, fire blight susceptibility Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 58-64 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/289/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/289/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:289-2012-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Milatović Author-Workplace-Name: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: D. Nikolić Author-Workplace-Name: University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: B. Krška Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Testing of self-(in)compatibility in apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes Abstract: Self-(in)compatibility was tested in 40 new apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes. Pollen-tube growth in pistils from laboratory pollinations was analysed using the fluorescence microscopy. Cultivars were considered self-compatible if at least one pollen tube reached the ovary in the majority of pistils. Cultivars were considered self- incompatible if the growth of pollen tubes in the style stopped along with formation of characteristic swellings. Of the examined cultivars, 18 were self-compatible and 22 were self-incompatible. Fluorescence microscopy provides a relatively rapid and reliable method to determine self-incompatibility in apricot cultivars. Keywords: Prunus armeniaca, pollen tube growth, pollination, fluorescence microscopy Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 65-71 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/219/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/219/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:219-2012-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Liguori Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Author-Name: V. Farina Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Author-Name: G. Gullo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy Author-Name: P. Inglese Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy Title: Tree and orchard variability of Silver King nectarine (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit quality components Abstract: The variability of crop quality accounts for most of seasonal variation of farmers' incomes, since fruit growth and quality components may greatly change according to various environmental and within-tree factors. Canopy architecture and orchard layout are mainly responsible for fruit size, quality and its variability. A positive relationship was measured in peach between intercepted radiation and PAR and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). This study was carried out to measure within tree and orchard variability of fruit of the early ripening cv. Silver King nectarine (Prunus persica (L.), Batsch) 8-years-old peach trees trained to a Y-shape and Delayed vase. Fruit were picked twice and all harvested fruit were analysed in terms of size, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, pH, firmness and TEAC. Fruit weight variability between single trees was larger than within the tree and between training systems. Fruit soluble solid content and firmness had a higher variability than fruit size and within tree variability was higher in Delayed vase trees than in Y-shaped ones. TEAC changed with fruit position within the canopy. Keywords: training system, total antioxidant capacity, firmness, soluble solids Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 72-77 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/65/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/65/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:65-2012-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Janowska Author-Workplace-Name: Depatment of Ornamental Plants, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Title: Effect of growth regulators on flower and leaf yield of the calla lily (Zantedeschia Spreng.) Abstract: To assess the effect of a mixture of benzyladenine and gibberellic acid on the quality and yield of flowers and leaves of cvs Albomaculata, Black Magic and Mango, their tubers were soaked before planting for 30 min in a water solution with 100-600 ppm BA and 150 ppm GA3. The BA + GA3 mixture application resulted in 2.5-3.5 times as many flowers in comparison to the control plants, which did not affect the quality of flowers and the yield of leaves. The leaves, however, showed higher greenness index and protein quantity. Keywords: ornamental plants, benzyladenine, gibberellic acid, protein, index of leaves greenness Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 78-82 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/263/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/263/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:263-2012-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Starý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Válová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Šafářová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Lauterer Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Ackermann Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Navrátil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Title: Survey and molecular detection of Bois noir in vineyards of the Czech Republic- Short communication Abstract: Stolbur phytoplasma is an important pathogen associated with the Bois noir (BN) disease of grapevines. In the Moravia wine region, plants exhibiting BN-symptoms were observed in 14 localities, covering all four of the wine sub-regions. On other hand in the Bohemia wine region, symptomatic plants occurrence was only sporadic. All of the stolbur phytoplasma isolates were ascribable to the 16SrXII-A subgroup and the tuf-b type. The loss of grape clusters reached 50%, comparing the fully affected grapevine plants with the healthy ones. Keywords: grapevine, stolbur phytoplasma, tuf-b, nested PCR, grape clusters Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 83-87 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/30/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/30/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:30-2012-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Wójcik-Seliga Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: E. Wójcik-Gront Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Design and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Title: Evaluation of blackberry and hybrid berry cultivars new to Polish climate - Short communication Abstract: There were 13 blackberry cultivars new in Poland tested, including: Black Butte, Boysenberry, Chester Thornless, Helen, Karaka Black, Kotata, Loch Ness, Loch Tay, Loganberry, and Oregon Thornless. The experiment was conducted between 2005 and 2010 in central Poland with the main focus on resistance of the cultivars to adverse local environmental conditions, as well as to assess the yield and fruit quality. Analysis of data on fruit yield and fruit weight indicated significant differences between cultivars and years. There were slight differences in harvest date from year to year. Cv. Chester Thornless had the greatest yield - avg. 12.9 kg/plant (2007-2008). All of the hybrid berries and the trailing blackberries had yields that were not different - below 3.5 kg/plant. Cvs Black Butte and Karaka Black had the heaviest fruit, above 6.0 g (2006) and up to 10 g per fruit (2007 and 2008). Cv. Oregon Thornless had the smallest fruits - 2.1 g per fruit (2006) and up to 3 g (2007, 2008). The experiment showed that plants were influenced by the Polish weather conditions. Keywords: Rubus, fruit yield, fruit quality, harvest season, winter tolerance Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 88-91 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/1/2012-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2012-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201302-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:40:y:2013:i:2:id:1-2012-HORTSCI