Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Ambrožič Turk Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: N. Fajt Author-Workplace-Name: Agriculture and Forestry Chamber, Nova Gorica, Slovenia Author-Name: M. Stopar Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia Title: Tergitol as a possible thinning agent for peach cv. Redhaven Abstract: The effect of different blossom thinners ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) (1%, 2%), Armothin (1.5%), Tergitol-TMN-6 (0.5%, 1%), applied on peach cv. Redhaven at 50-60% full bloom was evaluated in thinning experiments in south-west Slovenia. The photosynthesis inhibitor metamitron (0.05%) applied at 8 mm fruit diameter was evaluated as fruitlet thinner as well. Application of 2% ATS resulted in excessive thinning. The thinning effect of 1% ATS was also too strong in two out of three thinning experiments. The use of 0.05% metamitron did not cause any thinning effect on peach trees and gave similar results as the non-treated control. The effective fruit set reduction and increase of average fruit weight was achieved with 0.5% and 1% Tergitol application. In three-year experiment both Tergitol applications reduced fruit set toward hand thinned level, but the share of fruit from bigger size class was only once enhanced to the level of hand thinned trees. No sign of phytotoxicity was noticed on fruits in all thinner application treatments. Keywords: Prunus persica, blossom thinning, ammonium thiosulfate, Armothin, Tergitol-TMN-6, metamitron Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 49-54 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/22/2014-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/22/2014-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:22-2014-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dj. Ružić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, Serbia Author-Name: T. Vujović Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, Serbia Author-Name: R. Cerović Author-Workplace-Name: Innovation Center, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Title: Cryopreservation of cherry rootstock Gisela 5 using vitrification procedure Abstract: In vitro-grown shoot tips of Gisela 5 (Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens) cherry rootstock were tested for regrowth after cryopreservation using vitrification technique. Explants were precultured in the dark at 23°C, in a liquid MS medium with a progressively increasing sucrose concentration (0.3 M for 15 h, then 0.7 M for 5 h), and subsequently loaded in a solution containing 2 M glycerol and 0.4 M sucrose for 20 minutes. Shoot tips were dehydrated at 0°C using either the original PVS2 or modified PVS2 solution (PVS A3 - 22.5% sucrose, 37.5% glycerol, 15% ethylene glycol and 15% DMSO) for 30, 40 and 50 minutes. The survival and regrowth of the cryopreserved shoot tips dehydrated with the original PVS2 solution ranged between 36-54% and 8-17%, respectively. However, the dehydration with the PVS A3 solution resulted in considerably higher survival rates (81-92%), as well as higher regrowth rates (39-56%) after cryopreservation. These results prove the feasibility of the PVS A3-based vitrification technique for a long-term storage of this genotype. Keywords: Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens, liquid nitrogen, vitrification solutions Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 55-63 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/234/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/234/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:234-2013-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Jurica Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Petříková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Nutritional and sensory value of conventionally vs organically grown Chinese radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. longipinnatus) Abstract: The nutritional and sensory value of Chinese radish, cv. Jarola F1, grown in organic and conventional systems was evaluated. The experiments were based on certified organic land and conventional land of the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague at the experimental station of Troja. Radish was grown in two spacings. Radish from the organic cultivation system exhibited a significantly lower dry matter content compared to the conventional production, 62.4 g/kg and 68.9 g/kg, respectively. This can be explained by growing under unwoven textile. Furthermore, radish cultivated organically had a significantly lower content of monosaccharides (17.2 mg/kg, while the conventional production contained 26.1 mg/kg) and significantly higher contents of nitrates. The content of vitamin C in organic production tended to be higher (212 mg/kg, in conventional production 169 mg/kg). The crude fibre content or the content of minerals was not significantly affected by the growing system. Growing spacing did not affect the nutritional value. Organically produced radish had better sensorial evaluation. Keywords: dry matter, monosaccharides, vitamin C, nitrates, minerals Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 64-70 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/200/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/200/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:200-2013-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Grabowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: E. Kunicki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: A. Kalisz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: R. Wojciechowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: M. Leja Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: A. Sękara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Title: Chilling stress applied to broccoli transplants of different age affects yield of the plants cultivated in summer Abstract: Broccoli is native to moderate climatic zone, and summer cultivation of this species in Central Europe conditions leads to a decrease of heads quality. The aim of present investigations was application of dark-chilling at 2°C for 1 and 2 weeks to transplants of various ages to enhance its tolerance against adverse conditions in the field and to modify the yield potential. Broccoli cv. Monaco F1 can be recommendedfor summer production in Central Europe, because of high yield potential and lack of buttoning in high temperature conditions. Dark-chilling of 4-week-old transplants for two weeks significantly increased the yield, but also the percentage of stems with hollows as compared to control. Significant advancing of harvest together with prolongation of the harvest's period can be achieved by the use of 6 and 8-week-old transplants chilled for 2 weeks. Dark-chilling of 10-week-old transplants resulted in forming of smallest heads with the highest percentage of hollow stems. Keywords: Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, dark-chilling, transplant age, cross-tolerance, stress memory Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 71-79 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/250/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/250/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:250-2013-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Devetak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: T. Bohinc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: M. Kač Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: S. Trdan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Title: Seasonal dynamics of the cabbage armyworm (Mamestra brassicae [L.]) and the bright-line brown-eyes moth (Mamestra oleracea [L.]) in Slovenia Abstract: The cabbage armyworm (Mamestra brassicae L.) and the bright-line brown-eyes moth (Mamestra oleracea L.) are polyphagous insect species. From 2008 to 2010, we monitored the seasonal dynamics of both pests in two locations in Slovenia, Ljubljana and the Nova Gorica region. Pheromone traps (VARL + type) were used to precisely determine the occurrence of adults, i.e., the beginning and end of generations and the peaks of the populations. This allowed us to examine the relationship between the quantity of pests, average daily air temperature and average daily precipitation. Our results established that there were two generations of Mamestra brassicae per year in both locations; however, the seasonal dynamics of Mamestra oleracea was not as clear due to low trap catch. During 2008-2010 in Ljubljana, the average temperature during the peaks of the first generation of M. brassicae ranged from 16-19°C (sum of effective temperatures (SET) from 250°C to 375°C) and 20°C (SET from 986°C to 1,290°C) during the peaks of the second generation. We found no correlation between the average number of cabbage armyworm adults during the peaks of both generations and the mean air temperature 35 and 70 days prior to the peaks. Keywords: abiotic factors, bionomics, monitoring, noctuids, pheromone traps Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 80-88 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/209/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/209/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:209-2013-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Kapczyńska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ornamentals, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland Title: Effect of bulb size on growth, flowering and bulb formation in lachenalia cultivars Abstract: A two-year field experiment was performed with three lachenalia cultivars of the African Beauty® series (Namakwa, Ronina, Rosabeth) to study the effects of bulb size on leaf formation, inflorescence quality and bulb formation. The test bulbs were divided into two size groups based on their circumference: 4.0-5.0 cm and 5.1-6.0 cm. The bulbs were cultivated in the open air in the conditions of southern Poland in 2009 and 2010. Plant height, inflorescence length, stem diameter and the number of florets, which are all very important quality features, increased with increasing bulb size at planting. The study showed that the larger bulbs of the cultivars from the African Beauty® series could produce even 3 leaves, whose width increased as the mother bulb circumference increased. In most cases, flower yield was dependent on bulb size. The cultivars proved to differ in terms of the time of blooming: cvs Namakwa and Ronina flowered earlier than cv. Rosabeth. The larger bulb size had a positive effect on the quality (circumference) of offsets. Keywords: cape hyacinth, ornamental geophytes, flower quality, bulb development Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 89-94 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/183/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/183/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:183-2013-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E.J. Cheong Author-Workplace-Name: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA Author-Name: A.R. Jeon Author-Workplace-Name: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA Author-Name: J.W. Kang Author-Workplace-Name: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA Author-Name: R. Mock Author-Workplace-Name: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA Author-Name: G. Kinard Author-Workplace-Name: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA Author-Name: R. Li Author-Workplace-Name: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, USA Title: In vitro elimination of Black raspberry necrosis virus from black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) - Short Communication Abstract: Black raspberry necrosis virus (BRNV) is one of the most important viral pathogens of Rubus spp. In this study, a procedure combining in vitro culture and heat therapy on axillary buds of Rubusoccidentalis was developed to eliminate BRNV from infected plants. Axillary buds were grown aseptically at 4-h alternating periods of 29°C and 38°C with 14-h day length for 1-5 weeks. Shoots induced after thermotherapy were tested for the viruses by RT-PCR. BRNV was not detected in any shoots indicating that BRNV was heat labile. BRNV-free shoots were rooted in vitro and acclimatized in greenhouse. Regenerated plants remained virus-free after 2-month acclimatization, 3-month dormancy and 5-month growth periods. Keywords: BRNV, Rubus occidentalis, axillary bud culture, thermotherapy Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 95-99 Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/266/2013-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/266/2013-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201402-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:41:y:2014:i:2:id:266-2013-HORTSCI