Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.E. Keller-Przybyłkowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: K.P. Rutkowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit and Vegetables Storage and Processing, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: D.E. Kruczyńska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Resources of Horticultural Plants, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: K. Pruski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant & Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Canada Title: Changes in gene expression profile during fruit development determine fruit quality Abstract: Climacteric fruit maturation is polygenic, complex process. Gene activity has a significant effect on the quality characteristics of the fruit for harvest and storage. Existing methods generally allow determining the degree of ripeness at harvest (point '0'). Since there is no method defining onset of the climacteric stage of the fruits, an attempt to identify the functional molecular marker that would determine a physiological ripeness of the fruit several days in advance before harvest was conducted. The analysis of changes in transcript of ten selected genes, and evaluation of the correlation of these genes with changes in fruits quality of two apple varieties Golden Delicious (winter cv.) and McIntosh (autumn cv.), allowed to identify a potential marker, activated a few days before harvesting the fruits. Overexpression of the starch glucosidase gene (StG) in the late fruits has been observed prior to the onset of ethylene production. The results confirm that it could be a potential functional marker useful for assessment of physiological ripeness status of cvs Golden Delicious and McIntosh. Keywords: fruit ripening, fruit maturation, gene transcript level Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 1-9 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/78/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/78/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201601-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:43:y:2016:i:1:id:78-2015-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Glišić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute in Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: Ž. Karaklajić-Stajić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute in Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: S.A. Paunović Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute in Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: M. Lukić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute in Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Title: Plum cultivars Zlatka and Pozna Plava (Prunus domestica L.) bred at the Fruit Research Institute in Čačak Abstract: This study was carried out to compare the most relevant biological characteristics and field resistance to economically important diseases of the new (Zlatka and Pozna Plava) and standard plum cultivars (Čačanska Lepotica and Čačanska Rodna) in the Region of Čačak. The experimental area climate belongs to the temperate type. The mean annual air temperature during the experimental period was 12.65°C, and humidity was 80.4%. The average annual rainfall was 571.2 mm. The ripening time of the cv. Zlatka occurred between August 3-23, while the cv. Pozna Plava ripened between August 26-September 25. Compared to cv. Čačanska Lepotica, cv. Zlatka had a significantly lower mean fruit weight, reducing sugars and total acids content, but a significantly higher proportion of flesh, yield and sucrose content. Compared to cv. Čačanska Rodna as the standard cultivar, cv. Pozna Plava had a significantly higher mean individual fruit weight and total acids content, but also a significantly lower orchard yield and sweetness measured as fruit soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars and sucrose content. As regards the field resistance to economically important diseases such as red leaf spot, rust, fruit root, pockets plum disease and sharka disease, both new cultivars demonstrated better results than the reference cultivars. Keywords: new cultivars, ripening time, fruit quality, resistance/tolerance Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 10-16 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/61/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201601-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:43:y:2016:i:1:id:61-2015-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Pešaković Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: S. Milenković Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Protection, Faculty of Biofarming, Megatrend University Bačka Topola, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: D. Đukić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: L. Mandić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: Ž. Karaklajić-Stajić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: J. Tomić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute Čačak, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: N. Miletić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao Area, Spain Title: Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of integrated and conventionally grown strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) Abstract: Evaluation was performed of the effect made by integrated and conventional production systems on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of cv. Senga Sengana strawberry grown under greenhouse conditions over two consecutive years. The experiment also involved three different types of fertilizer. The integrated production system provides significantly larger quantities of polyphenols as well as a higher antioxidant capacity, compared to values obtained using the conventional system. The investigation into total phenolics content and total antioxidant capacity, as well as individual flavonols and phenolic acids (except gallic acid) content reveals a pronounced effect of the applied biofertilizers (PGPR 1 and PGPR 2). On the other hand, applied chemical fertilizer (Multi KMg) gives the best results in terms of anthocyanins content. These results indicate that there were significant differences in phenols content among integrated and conventional production systems, as well as between biofertilizers and a chemical fertilizer. Keywords: garden strawberry, cultivation techniques, phenolic compounds Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 17-24 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/180/2014-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/180/2014-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201601-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:43:y:2016:i:1:id:180-2014-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Lachman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Kotíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Hejtmánková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Pivec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Pšeničnaja Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Šulc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Střalková Author-Workplace-Name: Viticulture Research Station, Karlštejn, Crop Research Institute Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Dědina Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Resveratrol and piceid isomers concentrations in grapevine shoots, leaves, and tendrils Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of cis- and trans-isomers of resveratrol and piceid contained in the shoots, leaves and tendrils of six grapevine varieties and three locations processed under two different drying conditions. The highest trans-resveratrol content was found in the shoots; trans-piceid was contained in lesser amounts (7%) and cis-forms only in very small amounts (~1%). In leaves, both forms of piceid were dominant, while in tendrils trans- and cis-forms of piceid were dominant in samples dried in the laboratory oven at 40°C. Pinot Noir differed from other varieties with a high trans-resveratrol amount. Growing location affected trans-resveratrol levels. Our results suggest that the trimmed clippings might be used as a valuable and inexpensive source of stilbenes. Clippings preserved by drying might be further processed to nutraceuticals or as an additive to the feed. Keywords: phenolic stilbenes, vine trimming, vine clippings Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 25-32 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/258/2014-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/258/2014-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201601-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:43:y:2016:i:1:id:258-2014-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Ors Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey Author-Workplace-Name: University of California, Riverside Department of Environmental Sciences, Riverside, USA Author-Name: D.L. Suarez Author-Workplace-Name: USDA-ARS Salinity Laboratory, Riverside, USA Title: Salt tolerance of spinach as related to seasonal climate Abstract: Three sets of experiments with spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., cv. Racoon) were conducted under saline water irrigation during different time periods between December 7, 2012-June 15, 2013 to understand the impact of increased temperature on salt tolerance in cool season crops. The first experiment consisted of 4 different salinity levels: 0, 4, 7, 9 dS/m and the two subsequent experiments each had 6 different levels of saline water: 0, 4, 7, 9, 12, and 15 dS/m. Irrigation water salinity up to 9 dS/m did not cause any yield loss in spinach during the first set of experiments, indicating that this cultivar is considerably more salt tolerant than spinach varieties reported in the literature. Severe salinity caused yield loss and decreased all gas exchange and vegetative parameters. It was found that spinach was considerably more salt tolerant under cool season late winter conditions than under warmer climatic conditions. The increase in temperature between experiment I and II was 12.5°C while the relative yields decreased by 31% at the same salinity treatment (9 dS/m). Keywords: salt stress, leafy vegetables gas exchange, temperature, evapotranspiration Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 33-41 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/114/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/114/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201601-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:43:y:2016:i:1:id:114-2015-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Laczi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Growing, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Author-Name: A. Apahidean Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Growing, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Author-Name: E. Luca Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Growing, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Author-Name: A. Dumitraş Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Growing, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Author-Name: P. Boancă Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Growing, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Title: Headed Chinese cabbage growth and yield influenced by different manure types in organic farming system Abstract: Chinese cabbage is a less known, cultivated and consumed vegetable species in Transylvania, although previous studies have shown that it can be grown successfully in this area. The main purpose of the present research was to underline the effectiveness of various treatments on Chinese cabbage growth, yield and quality of the final product in organic farming system. The treatments included: different fertilisation types, place of the culture and several hybrids. Results showed that all the studied factors had a high influence on cabbage heads characteristics such as length, diameter, and weight, on the number of leaves and also on yield. The best yields were registered when horse manure was used (between 76.50 and 99.30 t/ha), followed by cattle manure (between 76.80 and 93.75 t/ha). A higher yield of better quality cabbage was obtained in a polyethylene tunnel (89.27 t/ha) compared to the open field culture (77.50 t/ha). Hybrid Super provided the highest yield (92.70 t/ha), followed by hybrid Vitimo (86.09 t/ha). Keywords: Brassica campestris L. var. pekinensis Lour (Olson), ecological vegetables, hybrid, open field culture, protected culture Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 42-49 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/6/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201601-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:43:y:2016:i:1:id:6-2015-HORTSCI