Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lütfi Pirlak Author-Name: Gülüstan Ünüvar Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Selçuklu, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Nilda Ersoy Author-Workplace-Name: Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Selçuklu, Konya, Turkey Title: Determination of antioxidant activities of some apple cultivars Abstract: This study was conducted in order to determine the antioxidant activities of certain apple varieties. 'Galaxy Gala', 'Scarlet Spur', 'Fuji', 'Pink Lady' and 'Granny Smith' were characterized in this study. The antioxidant activities among the varieties were determined via three different procedures. Antiradical activity figures of the apple varieties were between 0.592 ('Galaxy Gala') and 0.802 ('Scarlet Spur'). Inhibition levels of chelating activity with Fe+2 varied between 40.20-55.50%; 'Scarlet Spur' and 'Pink Lady' extracts had the highest inhibition with 55.50% and 'Granny Smith' extract had the lowest with the level. Among the extracts showing H2O2 clearance effect, Granny Smith (62.54%) and Scarlet Spur (44.67%) extracts had the highest inhibition levels. In this study conducted on apple varieties, total phenolic matter levels were determined in 'Scarlet Spur', 'Pink Lady', 'Fuji', 'Galaxy Gala' and 'Granny Smith'. Keywords: antiradical activity, phenolics, DPPH Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 120-125 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/276/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/276/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:276-2015-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Agnieszka Głowacka Author-Name: Elżbieta Rozpara Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Title: Evaluation of several dessert cultivars of plum, new under climatic conditions of Poland Abstract: An experiment was established in the spring of 2006 in the Experimental Orchard in Dąbrowice (central Poland). The plum cultivars under assessment included: 'Avalon', 'Edda', 'Excalibur', 'Jubileum', 'Mallard' and 'Reeves'. Trees of the cv. 'Victoria' were the control combination. On the basis of the eight-year study it was found that the most vigorously growing were trees of the cultivar 'Excalibur'. The most susceptible to frost damage and infection by Chondrostereum purpureum (silver leaf) were trees of the cultivars 'Edda' and 'Excalibur'. In addition, the cv. 'Excalibur' was characterized by high susceptibility to the Plum pox virus (sharka). The highest cumulative fruit yield was shown by the cultivar 'Jubileum'. The worst fruiting were trees of the cultivar 'Mallard'. Fruits of the cv. 'Excalibur' had the highest weight. The smallest were fruits of the cv. 'Edda' characterized by early ripening time. The highest amounts of soluble solids were contained in fruits of the cultivar 'Avalon'. The cvs 'Edda', 'Reeves' and 'Avalon' proved suitable for cultivation in Polish climatic conditions. Keywords: tree health status, growth, yield, fruit quality, soluble solids Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 126-132 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/38/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/38/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:38-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edward Żurawicz Author-Name: Agnieszka Masny Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Jolanta Kubik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Mariusz Lewandowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticultural Crop Breeding, Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Title: Germination of red raspberry seeds as affected by origin and chemical scarification Abstract: In 2014, this research was conducted at the Research Institute of Horticulture in Skierniewice, Poland. It was based on different red raspberry seed treatments with sulfuric acid during the scarification process. The seeds were obtained from crosses among ten parental forms, producing 55 hybrid families. During scarification, the seeds were subjected to concentrated sulfuric acid for 20, 30 and 40 minutes. Assessment of the germinated seeds, performed 2.5 months after the sowing, revealed different effects of the seed origin/pedigree and the applied scarification treatments. The best seed germination was recorded for the hybrid families where 'Radziejowa' (56.5% of germinated seeds), 'Laszka' (63.9%) and 'Sokolica' (73.5%) were the maternal forms, and the poorest one - where 'Polana' (6.2% of germinated seeds), 'Glen Ample' (32.5%) and 'Canby' (33.1%) were used as the maternal cultivars. The highest germination, on average for all the hybrid families, was obtained for seeds treated with H2SO4 for 30 min (45.3% of germinated seeds), and the lowest when the seeds were treated with H2SO4 for 40 min (35.6%). Keywords: cultivars, seed scarification, mating design, cross-pollination, self-pollination Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 133-140 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/22/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/22/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:22-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ave Kikas Author-Workplace-Name: Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Author-Name: Liina Arus Author-Workplace-Name: Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Author-Name: Hedi Kaldmäe Author-Workplace-Name: Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Author-Name: Asta-Virve Libek Author-Workplace-Name: Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Title: Newly introduced strawberry genotypes for Nordic Baltic conditions Abstract: Eight recently introduced strawberry genotypes 'Chambly', 'Clery', 'Darselect', 'Delia', 'Harmonie', 'Matis', 'Sallybright', 'Salsa' and 'Senga Sengana' (standard cultivar) were evaluated at the Polli Horticultural Research Centre of the Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Phenology, winter hardiness, strawberry blossom weevil (Anthonomus rubi) injury, yield, fruit weight, soluble solids, sugar, acid and ascorbic acid content of the fruit were determined. Genotypes more suited to the Estonian climate conditions are the winter hardy, late-yielding cultivars 'Salsa' and 'Harmonie'. 'Salsa' has a good, high quality yield with large attractive fruit. The fruit of 'Harmonie' contains much ascorbic acid, but the sugar-acid ratio is less balanced. Early genotypes 'Chambly', 'Clery', 'Darselect', 'Delia', 'Sallybright' and the late genotype 'Matis' have a lower yield than the standard cultivar 'Senga Sengana'. Keywords: cultivar, winter hardiness, yield, fruit weight, biochemical composition, GDD Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 141-147 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/52/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:52-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eivind Uleberg Author-Workplace-Name: Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway Author-Name: Inger Martinussen Author-Workplace-Name: Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway Author-Name: Ragnar Samuelsen Author-Workplace-Name: Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Ås, Norway Author-Workplace-Name: Tromsø, Norway Title: Effect of combined seasonal coverage on northern production of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch) Abstract: Two field trials with five strawberry cultivars planted on a woven black polyfibre ground cover sheet with or without translucent sheet plant coverage during winter and the growing season as combined treatments were started in 2004 and 2005. In total, nine different cultivars were included in the two fields. One early cv. 'Polka' and one late cv. 'Korona' acted as standard cultivars, while the other cultivars were new, named or labelled selections from Norwegian, Finnish and Swedish breeding programs. Winter survival, spring vigour, earliness, saleable and total berry yield, berry size and berry quality were registered for three years. The cultivars differed in earliness, berry size, yield (gram per plant) and total production (sum of all years). A combination of fibre sheet winter and spring coverage and more open net sheet harvest season coverage showed favourable results for overwintering, earliness and berry yield, and enhanced the ripening process in all cultivars. Keywords: cultivars, winter survival, earliness, berry yield, berry size Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 148-155 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/112/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/112/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:112-2015-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Veith Author-Name: Matouš Jebavý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agrobiology and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Landscape changes of Prague outskirts from 1990 to 2012 Abstract: This paper follows up the landscape changes of Prague outskirts from 1990 to 2012 using the CORINE land cover data. It quantifies these changes by observing the acreage decrease and increase of individual types of land cover. The results confirm the frequently emerging trend in Europe, namely the increase of the urban area at the expense of arable land. Another significant change is the increase of pastures in the areas farther from the city. These changes are further analysed to find regularities relating to the relief, to the distance from the city and to the transport and settlement infrastructure. On the bases of the analyses there are defined the types of changes. The most significant change is a decrease of arable land at the expense of discontinuous urban fabric and pastures. The results show that there were changes made to the land cover on an area of 17,429 ha which is equivalent to 7.3% of the evaluated area. Keywords: land-cover change, urban sprawl, CORINE, GIS Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 156-161 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/226/2015-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/226/2015-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:226-2015-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Juozas Lanauskas Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania Author-Name: Darius Kviklys Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania Author-Name: Mindaugas Liaudanskas Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Valdimaras Janulis Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Nobertas Uselis Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania Author-Name: Jonas Viškelis Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania Author-Name: Pranas Viškelis Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Babtai, Lithuania Title: Lower nitrogen nutrition determines higher phenolic content of organic apples Juozas Lanauskas1, Darius Kviklys1, Mindaugas Liaudanskas2, Valdimaras Abstract: Phenolic content of apples from an integrated and organic apple tree orchard was analysed at the Institute of Horticulture of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2012-2013. Apples of 'Lodel' and 'Aldas' cultivars on rootstock B.396 in 8-9th leaf were tested. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were applied annually at the rates of 50 kg/ha N and 66.4 kg/ha K in an integrated fruit orchard. A mixture of perennial grasses with 25% of white clover was sown in interrows in the second year after tree establishment in the organic production system. Every two years sward in alternate interrows was tilled for natural organic matter mineralization. Fertilizers were not used in the organic apple orchard. Organic apples of both cultivars had a higher content of procyanidins B1 and B2, phloridzin, chlorogenic acid, (+)-catechin, and (-)-epicatechin. Organic 'Aldas' apples also contained more hyperoside, avicularin and quercitrin than non-organic apples. On average, the total phenolic content of organic apples of both cultivars was 43% higher than that of apples from the integrated orchard. These differences could be explained by nitrogen nutrition: the N content in organically grown apple leaves was significantly lower than that in leaves from the integrated production system. Tree trunk diameter and yield of organic apple were less, and fruits were better coloured. Keywords: procyanidins, phloridzin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 113-119 Volume: 44 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/50/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/50/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201703-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:44:y:2017:i:3:id:50-2016-HORTSCI