Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Sus Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radka Zeinerová Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Cooperative Dolany, Dolany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lukáš Zíka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of the pruning system on the growth and productivity of slender spindle apple trees Abstract: Slender spindle is currently the most widespread pruning system for apple trees in the Czech Republic. However, further modifications of this pruning system have been developed. In this study, two pruning systems were compared in the years 2012 to 2015: slender spindle and modified slender spindle (characterised by 'click' pruning). The pruning systems were validated on three varieties, using either winter pruning or winter pruning supplemented with late summer pruning in August. The studied parameters included the average length of annual shoots, increase of trunk cross-sectional area (ITCA), fruit yield per tree, specific yield, average fruit weight, number of fruits and their size in various parts of the tree crown, the number of interventions by pruning and the total weight of the removed biomass. There were no significant differences in most of the parameters mentioned above. Application of the 'click' pruning technique over several years significantly increased the number of cuttings but the total biomass removed was lower compared with traditional slender spindle. Keywords: pome fruits, training, varieties, biomass, fruit weight Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 55-63 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/63/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/63/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:63-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Blažek Author-Name: Lubor Zelený Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Křelinová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Productivity and tree performance of new plum cultivars from the Czech Republic Abstract: This 12-year study was conducted to evaluate the performance of new plum cultivars from the Czech Republic. A new cultivar, 'Stáňa', was the most productive, followed by 'Kamir' and the standard cultivar 'Stanley'. The new plum cultivar 'Stáňa' also had the highest mean yield per cubic meter of tree canopy. Next in order of production efficiency were 'Stanley', 'Amátka', 'Kamir' and 'Čačanska lepotica'. According to canopy volume, the most vigorous cultivar was 'Kamir' followed by 'Samera' and 'Stáňa'. The least vigorous was 'Dwarf', having a canopy volume distinctly smaller than 'Amátka', which was next in the order. The shape of tree canopies ranged from 'Dwarf', which had the most upright canopy, to 'Simona' with a more distinctly overhanging canopy at the opposite extreme. The highest percentages of fruiting on first and second year wood were observed on trees of 'Simona' and 'Čačanska lepotica'. Keywords: Prunus Domestica, novelties, canopy size, production efficiency, fruiting habit Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 64-68 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/97/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/97/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:97-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cezary Piestrzeniewicz Author-Name: Dariusz Wrona Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Poland Author-Name: Ewa Jadczuk-Tobjasz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Poland Author-Name: Andrzej Sadowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Poland Title: Apple rootstock trials at Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Poland Abstract: valuation of 22 dwarfing and semi-dwarfing apple rootstocks for several scion cultivars was conducted on fertile soil in the years 1995-2010. It was found that most of the new rootstocks performed similarly to M.9 EMLA with respect to vigour, yield, cropping efficiency and fruit mass. These rootstocks would not be, therefore, a good replacement for M.9 in Polish climatic conditions. The most promising rootstock was B 9 and some of its derivatives, e.g., B 146, B 396, P 59 and P 60. However, their suitability may be limited to particular cultivars grown under similar soil conditions. Keywords: Malus × domestica, vigour, yield, cropping efficiency coefficient, fruit mass Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 69-75 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/205/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/205/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:205-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rodica Soare Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Author-Name: Maria Dinu Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Horticulture, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Author-Name: Cristina Babeanu Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Title: The effect of using grafted seedlings on the yield and quality of tomatoes grown in greenhouses Abstract: This study was aimed at observing the effect of the grafting of tomato plants on morphological (vegetative growth), production and nutritive characteristics (quantity and quality of production). For this purpose, the 'Lorely F1' cultivar was used as a scion grafted onto the 'Beaufort' rootstock. Plants were cultivated with a stem and two stems. The observations collected in this study were concerned with the characteristics of plant growth. The studied morphological characteristics were plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves, and the studied production characteristics were the characteristics of fructification and productivity (the average number of fruit per plant, the average weight of the fruit, production per plant). Particular attention was paid to the nutritional characteristics of the fruit, to the fruit quality (total soluble solids, total sugar, acidity, vitamin C, antioxidant activity (by the Trolox method) and the contents of lycopene and beta-carotene). The results showed that grafting positively influenced the growth and production characteristics. Grafting of tomato plants had an appreciable effect on the vegetative growth of the variant 2-grafted tomatoes with a stem. The best option in terms of productivity and production was the variant 3-grafted tomatoes with two stems, which yielded 9.2 kg per plant. Fruit quality was not improved in any of the grafted variants. Keywords: hybrids, rootstock, two stems, lycopene, antioxidants Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 76-82 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/214/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/214/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:214-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Inas Mohamed Ali Mahmoud Author-Workplace-Name: Horticulture Department (Ornamental Plants), Agriculture Faculty, Sohag University, Egypt Author-Name: Anber Mahmoud Ahmed Hassanein Author-Workplace-Name: Horticulture Department (Ornamental Plants), Agriculture Faculty, Sohag University, Egypt Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Production and Protection Department, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Title: Essential factors for in vitro regeneration of rose and a protocol for plant regeneration from leaves Abstract: In vitro propagation of Rosa hybrida, L. cv. 'Eiffel Tower' was improved by the addition of thidiazuron (TDZ) and silver nitrate (AgNo3) to the culture medium. The combination of auxin and cytokinins was indispensable for inducing response from leaf discs. Maintaining cultures under dark was better than light for callus formation and quality. The source of explants was vital in the regeneration process wherein situ explants produced callus while, in vitro explants regenerated somatic embryos and shoots. Gibberellic acid (GA3) had a favorable effect where in vitro explants showed somatic embryogenesis with no shoots on media containing TDZ however, 37% of explants regenerated shoots directly on medium containing GA3. The presence of benzyl adenine (BA) was essential for shoot elongation, and indole butyric acid (IBA) was better than indole acetic acid (IAA) for rooting. The optimum conditions produced rooted plants from leaf discs within ten weeks. The reported results clarify factors controlling in vitro regeneration of R. hybrida, and provide a rapid protocol allowing further improvements of rose. Keywords: Rosa hybrida, leaf discs, embryogenesis, organogenesis, direct regeneration Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 83-91 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/12/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/12/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:12-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos Manuel Gaspar Reis Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Escola Superior Agrária de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Recursos Naturais, Ambiente e Sociedade (CERNAS-IPCB), Coimbra, Portugal Author-Name: Luiz Carlos Gazarini Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade de Évora, Departamento de Biologia, Évora, Portugal Author-Name: Maria Margarida Ribeiro Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Escola Superior Agrária, Castelo Branco, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Escola Superior Agrária de Castelo Branco, Castelo Branco, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Title: Fruit production from Opuntia ficus-indica ecotypes in comparison to commercial Italian clones Abstract: Fruit production, as an elementary chemical characteristic of the fruit, was evaluated in 16 Opuntia ficus-indica Portuguese ecotypes cultivated in a marginal soil without tillage, in the second and third years after plantation. The O. ficus-indica ecotypes were compared with the Italian cultivars 'Bianca' and 'Gialla'. Significant differences were found among the O. ficus-indica ecotypes in biomass-related parameters and fruit yield, and different groups were established. Two spineless ecotypes (OFI-12 and OFI-13) had highest biomass production, with 9.9 Mg/ha dry matter on average. This was not significantly different from the 'Gialla' cultivar, which averaged 11.9 Mg/ha, for a density of 2,667 plants/ha,in the third year after plantation. Among Portuguese ecotypes, the fruit yields ranged from 2.4 to 10.1 Mg/ha fresh weight. The cultivars 'Gialla' and 'Bianca' had the highest fruit yield (13.8 and 13.6 Mg/ha fresh weight, respectively). The 'Gialla' cultivar and the group of ecotypes with orange pulp produced fruits of larger size and weight compared to the 'Bianca' cultivar and the group of ecotypes with white pulp. Keywords: biomass, fruit yield, fruit size, prickly pear Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 92-100 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/48/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:48-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika Vonešová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agrobiology and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Oldřich Vacek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agrobiology and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agrobiology and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Restoration of a Rudolfine Mannerist historical castle garden Abstract: This paper discusses plant assortments in historical Mannerist gardens and their use during the restoration of such a historical garden. Mannerist gardens were founded in the territory of Bohemia at the time of Emperor Rudolf II. The model garden for the purposes of this paper is the castle garden in Brandýs nad Labem. There are no reliable historical resources which could specify the plant assortment cultivated in this garden at the time of its creation. However, the period of Rudolfine Mannerism is defined by known determinative elements of garden architecture as well as certain cultivated plant species. For this reason, it was possible to compile a list of elements which must conform to the individual forms of greenery (solitary, hedges, alleys, climbers, containers) and their spatial arrangement (point, line, shape) typical for Renaissance and Mannerist composition. The list was created with respect for the current cultural and climatic conditions by evaluating the current utilisation of the garden. Keywords: garden architecture, plant assortment, authenticity, Emperor Rudolf II., Brandýs nad Labem Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 101-110 Volume: 45 Issue: 2 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/77/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/77/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201802-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:2:id:77-2017-HORTSCI