Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Walid Fediala Abd El-Gleel Mosa Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Author-Name: Lidia Sas Paszt Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Mateusz Frąc Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Paweł Trzciński Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Michał Przybył Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Waldemar Treder Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Krzysztof Klamkowski Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Title: Effect of some bioproducts on the growth, yield and fruit quality of apple trees Abstract: hese experiments began with the planting of maiden apple trees of cv. 'Topaz' in 2011. In springtime in 2012-2016, chemical fertilisation (NPK) and various natural bioproducts, namely Fertigo, Micosat, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, Aktywit PM, BioFeed Quality, BioFeed Amin, Vinassa, Florovit Natura and Florovit Eko were applied to the apple trees alone or enriched with Pantoea sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Klebsiella oxytoca and Rhizobium bacterial species. Growth, yield and fruit quality parameters were then evaluated. Our results reveal that the trunk cross-sectional area was greatly increased by the addition of the beneficial bacteria to Humus UP, Yeast, Vinassa and Micosat, as compared to NPK chemical fertilisation. Yeast, Vinassa, Micosat, Humus UP and BioFeed Amin enriched with the beneficial bacteria significantly increased fruit weight in kg and the number of fruits compared to the NPK control in 2015 and 2016. Keywords: vinassa, manure, bacteria, humus up, growth, yield Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 111-118 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/75/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/75/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:75-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: László Szalay Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: Imre Gergő Gyökös Author-Workplace-Name: SZET Township Innovation Ltd., Szentgotthárd, Hungary Author-Name: Zsuzsanna Békefi Author-Workplace-Name: NARIC Fruit Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary Title: Cold hardiness of peach flowers at different phenological stages Abstract: At the colder peach production regions it is important to know the cold hardiness of peach cultivars at different phenological stages of flowering. In our experiment, artificial freezing tests were conducted in a climate chamber in five selected years between the period of 2007 and 2016 to determine the freeze tolerance of generative organs of three peach cultivars ('Venus', 'Redhaven', 'Piroska') at different phenological stages of bloom. Based on the results of the laboratory freezing tests LT50 values were calculated. Our results showed that LT50 values of examined peach cultivars in swelled bud stage averaged over five years were between -6.8 and -11.2°C according to cultivar, and as phenological phases progressed, cold hardiness of generative organs decreased. At the end of bloom LT50 values varied between -1.7 and -4.1°C. Cultivar 'Piroska' had the highest freeze tolerance and cultivar 'Venus' showed the lowest in each year studied. This study shows that trees with delayed development are more prone to cold damage to flowers. Keywords: LT50 values, artificial freezing test, blooming time Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 119-124 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/146/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/146/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:146-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chrysovalantou Antonopoulou Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: Kortessa Dimassi Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: Ioannis Therios Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Pomology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: Christos Chatzissavvidis Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Development, School of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece Title: Does dikegulac affect in vitro shoot proliferation and hyperhydricity incidence in olive explants? Abstract: Dikegulac was tested as a lateral shoot-inducing agent on micropropagated olive (Olea europaea 'Chondrolia Chalkidikis') shoots. Rugini olive medium was supplemented with dikegulac at 0, 16.9, 33.8, 66.7, 100.5 or 133.4 μΜ. Dikegulac was not phytotoxic and the explants treated with 100.5 μΜ had higher number, length, and weight of new shoots. Hyperhydricity (or vitrification) symptoms were diminished by increasing dikegulac concentration in the medium dose (66.7-133.4 μΜ). Also, dikegulac stimulated the production of large amounts of callus at the base of olive explants. Keywords: apical dominance, growth retardant, micropropagation, Olea europaea, vitrification Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 125-130 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/212/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/212/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:212-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiao Kang Yuan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Changsha, China Author-Name: Zai Qiang Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China Title: The effect of endogenous hormones on plant morphology and fruit quality of tomato under difference between day and night temperature Abstract: The difference between day and night temperature (DIF) was reported to influence plant morphology and fruit quality, but the mechanism was poorly known. Therefore, controlled-environment experiments were carried out to investigate the mechanism of DIF influenced plant morphology and fruit quality attributes of tomato during fruit stage. Five day/night temperature regimes 16/34, 19/31, 25/25, 31/19 and 34/16°C with respective DIFs of -18, -12, 0, +12 and +18 at a common 25°C mean daily temperature were used. The results showed that gibberellin 3, indoleacetic acid and zeatin content of stem tip were enhanced significantly by positive DIF and inhibited by negative DIF, while abscisic acid was not significantly influenced by DIF. Plant height, stem diameter, fruit diameter and leaf area were enhanced significantly by positive DIF regimes and inhibited by negative DIF regimes. The soluble sugars, vitamin C and soluble protein content increased under positive DIF while decreased under negative DIF. Both plant morphology and fruit quality of tomato were significantly related to endogenous hormones. Keywords: growth hormone, plant height, leaf area, solubel sugar, vitamin C Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 131-138 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/7/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:7-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vojtěch Ptáček Author-Name: Martin Koudela Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Sus Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jitka Doležalová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of mulching on gherkins at two levels of irrigation Abstract: The field experiments described here were conducted over a period of three years. The effect of mulching on emergence, phenophase, the weight of single fruits and yield of the 'Elisabet F1' and 'Harriet F1' cultivars of gherkins were evaluated, using wheat straw, black non-woven fabric and Ekocover paper mats as mulch compared to a non-mulched control variant. A positive effect of mulching on emergence was found using non-woven fabric at a reduced level of irrigation. The use of non-woven fabrics (21.01 t/ha) and wheat straw (22.92 t/ha) as mulch positively affected yield compared with the non-mulched variant (20.97 t/ha). Reduced levels of irrigation positively influenced the representation of market fruit compared to optimum levels of irrigation (about 1.5 to 3.1%), but these fruits were lighter (about 0.5 to 2.0 g). The influence of the cultivar on the evaluated properties of gherkins was insignificant. Higher yield (9%) and a higher percentage of market fruit (about 0.8 to 2.0%) was found for the 'Harriet F1' compared to 'Elisabet F1'. Keywords: Ekocover, wheat straw, black non-woven fabric, fruit parameters, emergence Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 139-144 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/200/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/200/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:200-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Naoe Shibusawa Author-Workplace-Name: Blight and Harmful Insects Prevention Office, Tokyo, Japan Author-Name: Shigeru Matsuyama Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: Ryo Ohsawa Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Title: The influence of the cultivation environment on the fragrance of cyclamens Abstract: The scent of scented cyclamen flowers weakens when the plants are displayed for long periods, and this phenomenon is affected by the environment in which the plants are displayed. Counteracting environmental effects on scent intensity requires an understanding of floral scent emission during display. Here, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and sensory analysis to evaluate the influence of light intensity on floral scent emission from scented cyclamens kept indoors and in a greenhouse. For the greenhouse cyclamen, odour intensity was nearly constant throughout the study period. In contrast, the odour intensity of the indoor plants had decreased by 13 days after flowering, and the odour intensities of the indoor and greenhouse cyclamen differed significantly. Rank correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between odour intensity as determined by sensory analysis and the total amount of volatile compounds released as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. That is, the sensory analysis results could be explained in terms of the emission amounts of odour compounds. Keywords: cyclamen, effect of light, odour compound, sensory analysis, volatile Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 145-155 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/110/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:110-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tatiana Kuťková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kristýna Klasová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Dubský Author-Workplace-Name: Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Průhonice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana Barošová Author-Workplace-Name: Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Průhonice, Czech Republic Title: Effect of sowing substrate on coverage and rate of weeding of directly sown annual flower beds Abstract: The method of establishing directly sown annual flower beds has its benefits as well as problems. One of them is particularly surface weeding before sowing. The aim of the experiment was to find a solution to this problem, i.e. whether covering sowing substrates can suppress the germination and growth of weeds and improve growth parameters of annuals. The certified seed mixture of annuals and three variants of substrates that differed in ability to retain water were chosen for the experiment. Substrate A contained 70% vol. of sand and 30% vol. of peat; substrate B 50% vol. of sand, 20% vol. of siliceous marlite, 30% vol. of peat; and substrate C 30% vol. of sand, 40% vol. of siliceous marlite, 30% vol. of peat. In the control variant annuals were sown directly into the soil. The experiment was established in two different sites. Development of the mixture was monitored and evaluated all the season; the coverage with annuals and weed, the height of annuals and flowering time were evaluated. According to the results the use of sowing substrates ensured the successful development of mixtures of annuals, particularly in the initial stand development. Keywords: annuals, ornamental gardening, landscape architecture, sowing in situ, greenery, maintenance Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 156-163 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/161/2016-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/161/2016-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:161-2016-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniele Massa Author-Name: Domenico Prisa Author-Workplace-Name: CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Pescia, Italy Author-Name: Sara Lazzereschi Author-Workplace-Name: CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Pescia, Italy Author-Name: Sonia Cacini Author-Workplace-Name: CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Pescia, Italy Author-Name: Gianluca Burchi Author-Workplace-Name: CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Pescia, Italy Title: Heterogeneous response of two bedding plants to peat substitution by two green composts Abstract: The promotion, at local level, of resource recycling chains, with low environmental impact and costs, appears of great interest for the production of green composts to replace peat in ornamental crops. In this work, two green composts, differing for the criterion of raw material selection for composting, were tested for the cultivation of two bedding plants in comparison with 100% peat based substrate. Leaf chlorophyll (SPAD index), biometric and growth parameters, and tissue mineral composition were measured to assess growing media-plant system performances. Both growing media and plants gave heterogeneous responses depending on substrate characteristics and plant requirements and/or tolerance to abiotic stress. Plant biomass was reduced by 63% (on average) in the most sensitive species due to the high Cl concentration detected in one of the two green composts; a similar trend was observed for SPAD index. The results support the shared idea that the selection of raw material is a strategy of primary importance in the composting process to obtain high quality green compost. Keywords: Impatiens hawkeri, Petunia × hybrida, growing media, SPAD chlorophyll, chloride toxicity Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 164-172 Volume: 45 Issue: 3 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/1/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201803-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:45:y:2018:i:3:id:1-2017-HORTSCI