Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Sedlák Author-Name: František Paprštein Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Hořice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Suchá Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Hořice, Czech Republic Title: Influence of chemotherapy on development and production of virus free in vitro strawberry plants Abstract: The objective of the study was to determine effects of ribavirin on development and health status of in vitro grown strawberry cultivars 'Honeoye' and 'Elkat' infected with viruses Strawberry mild yellow-edge virus (SMYEV), Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). Antiviral compound ribavirin was added in concentrations 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/l to the same MS medium as for multiplication. Growth reduction was noted on medium with 160 mg/l ribavirin and to a lesser degree in the 40 and 80 mg/l treatments. At the end of chemotherapy, in vitro clones free of viruses detected previously in the initial plants were obtained for both selected cultivars across all ribavirin concentrations. The highest number of plants (94) with negative results of ELISA testing was noted on medium with the highest ribavirin concentration 160 mg/l and the lowest (73) on medium with the lowest concentration 20 mg/l of ribavirin. The treated plants look symptomless and appear morphologically equal to the untreated control plants. Results indicate that ribavirin treatment of in vitro plants is a suitable method for eliminating SMYEV, ToRSV and ArMV from strawberry. Keywords: Fragaria × ananassa, ribavirin, phytotoxicity, SMYEV, ToRSV, ArMV Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 53-56 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/249/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/249/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:249-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marzena Błażewicz-Woźniak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cultivation and Fertilization of Plants, Author-Name: Dariusz Wach Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cultivation and Fertilization of Plants, Author-Name: Elżbieta Patkowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Mirosław Konopiński Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cultivation and Fertilization of Plants, Title: The effect of cover crops on the yield of carrot (Daucus carota L.) in ploughless and conventional tillage Abstract: The experimental design included seven cover crop species and six kinds of soil tillage in the field cultivation of carrot. The use of cover crops had a positive impact on the yield of marketable roots of carrot in comparison with the cultivation without the cover crops. A significant increase of marketable yield was noted after phacelia, buckwheat, mustard and sunflower. The flat ploughless tillage significantly reduced the marketable yield of roots in comparison with traditional ploughing. The largest marketable yield of roots was obtained from cultivation on ridges after mixing the biomass of buckwheat or phacelia or mustard with the soil, and the smallest, after reduced spring tillage using aggregate without cover crops. The largest marketable yield in flat ploughless tillage was obtained when using grubber before winter, and the biomass of phacelia was mixed with soil. Growing carrot on the ridges had a positive influence on increasing the share of the marketable yield of roots in comparison with other variants of cultivation including the conventional tillage. The all cover crops with the exception of spring vetch significantly increased the share of marketable roots in the yield compared with cultivation without cover crops. The largest percentage of the marketable yield was noted after use of phacelia. Keywords: Secale, Avena, Fagopyrum, Helianthus, Phacelia Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 57-64 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/61/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:61-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivana Varga Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Republic of Croatia Author-Name: Teuta Benković-Lačić Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Department, College of Slavonski Brod, Slavonski Brod, Republic of Croatia Author-Name: Zdenko Lončarić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Republic of Croatia Author-Name: Brigita Popović Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Republic of Croatia Author-Name: Mirjana Brmež Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, University of Josip Juraj Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Republic of Croatia Title: Liming, phosphorus and zinc influence on soil nematode community structure at hot pepper Abstract: Monitoring the biological quality of soils often include nematodes as bioindicators. The aim of this study was determined the influence of liming, P and Zn effect on nematode community structure as an indicator of soil ecosystem health in hot pepper. Pot experiment with hot pepper was conducted in randomized block design as follows: control, P, Zn, P + Zn, lime, P + lime, Zn + lime and P + Zn + lime (25 mg/kg P, 1 mg/kg Zn and lime as 2.22 g/kg CaCO3). The highest number of nematodes genera was with phosphorus application (17.25). The most common genera were Rhabditis and Tylenchus. Above all indices, only the Structure index (SI) shown significance (P < 0.01) in reflecting soil disturbance. The highest significant correlation was found between Maturity index 2-5 and Structure index (r = 0.946***), Maturity index and Plant parasitic nematode and Maturity index ratio (r = -0.919***) and between Ecological and Channel index (r = -0.815***). Keywords: ecological indices, hot pepper, nematode community, liming, soil Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 65-71 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/217/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/217/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:217-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Kapczyńska Title: Effect of planting time and supplemental irradiation on growth and flowering of Lachenalia 'Romaud' Abstract: Growth and flowering of lachenalia 'Romaud' was studied with reference to its commercial potential as pot plant and the need to obtain flowering plants at a specific time. The experiment was carried out in a heated glasshouse. Lachenalia bulbs were planted in November, December, January and February. The plants were exposed to two lighting regimes, natural lighting and natural lighting with supplemental irradiation (HPS lamps). The later the planting date was, the faster the bulbs flowered, and they produced thicker inflorescence stems with greater number of florets. Depending on the bulb planting date and light conditions, the plants flowered from February to May. The leaves obtained from the bulbs planted in November and December were longer than those produced by the bulbs planted in January and February. Compared with control, supplemental irradiation accelerated flowering by 10-13 days and positively affected plant features by promoting the growth of thicker inflorescence stems with more abundant and longer florets. The leaves of irradiated bulbs were shorter (apart from the bulbs planted in February) and were characterised by a higher content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a + b and carotenoids as compared with control. Plants grown under HPS light also had the higher dry weight of bulbs, leaves and stems. Keywords: Cape Hyacinth, light, forcing, ornamental bulbous pot plant Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 72-80 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/203/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/203/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:203-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dimitrios Fanourakis Author-Workplace-Name: Giannakakis SA, Export Fruits and Vegetables, Tympaki, Greece Author-Name: Benita Hyldgaard Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark Author-Name: Habtamu Giday Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark Author-Workplace-Name: Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands Author-Name: Isaac Aulik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark Author-Name: Dimitris Bouranis Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Physiology and Morphology Laboratory, Crop Science Department, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece Author-Name: Oliver Körner Author-Workplace-Name: Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Grossbeeren, Germany Author-Name: Carl-Otto Ottosen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark Title: Stomatal anatomy and closing ability is affected by supplementary light intensity in rose (Rosa hybrida L.) Abstract: Increasing the light level in protected cultivation of ornamental crops via supplementary lighting is critical to enhance both production and external quality especially during the periods of low light availability. Despite wide applications the effects of light intensities were not previously addressed on water loss pathways. In this study rose plants were cultivated at 100, 200 or 400 μmol/(m2.s) photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). The stomatal responsiveness to desiccation, stomatal anatomical features and cuticular transpiration were determined. Plant biomass as well as photosynthesis response to light and CO2 were also assessed. Increasing growth PPFD led to a considerable increase in plant biomass (85 and 57% for 100 to 200 and 200 to 400 μmol/(m2.s) respectively). Photosynthesis was marginally affected by increasing growth PPFD from 100 to 200 μmol/(m2.s) while a further rise to 400 μmol/(m2.s) considerably increased photosynthetic rate at high light intensities. Higher PPFD during cultivation generally led to larger stomata with bigger pores. A PPFD increase from 100 to 200 μmol/(m2.s) had a small negative effect on stomatal closing ability whereas a further rise to 400 μmol/(m2.s) had a substantial stimulatory effect. Cultivation at a PPFD higher than 100 μmol/(m2.s) led to lower rates of cuticular transpiration. In conclusion, high growth PPFD (> 200 μmol/(m2.s)) enchanced both photosynthetic and stomatal anatomical traits. High light intensity (> 200 μmol/(m2.s)) also led to a better control of water loss due to more responsive stomata and decreased cuticular permeability. Keywords: cuticular water loss, photosynthesis, stomatal size, transpiration Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 81-89 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/144/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/144/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:144-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bożena Pawłowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ornamental Plants, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: Jarmila Neugebauerová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetable Growing and Floriculture, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Monika Bieniasz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology and Apiculture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: Bożena Szewczyk-Taranek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ornamental Plants, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: Ivo Ondrasek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Growing, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Title: Cryopreservation of Caninae rose shoot tips guarantees biochemical stability and pollination potential monitored in four-year-old regenerants Abstract: Stability of Rosa agrestis, R. canina, R. dumalis and R. rubiginosa regenerants after shoot tip cryopreservation was monitored with the use of biochemical markers and pollen quality assessment in matured plants cultivated in the field. The results of rosa pollen and hip evaluation revealed no significant differences between post-cryopreserved regenerants and control plants; however, variations in the assessed markers were noted between Rosa species. Analyses of hips confirmed high levels of vitamin C in these plants; the highest was observed in R. dumalis (750-870 mg/100 g fresh weight). High total antioxidant activity (TAC) was as follows: DPPH - 50-250 mM TE/100 dry weight, FRAP - 80-180 mM TE/100 g dry weight. The present study showed a high content of flavonoids (TFC) and phenols (TPC). Post-cryopreserved plants retained pollen specific for Caninae: numerous anthers, abundant pollen, poor pollen germination and viability and typical pollen morphology. This study demonstrates new tools for evaluating the fidelity of post-cryopreserved regenerants. Keywords: hypanthia, pollen, TAC, TFC, TPC, vitamin C Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 90-97 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/239/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/239/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:239-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Filippos Bantis Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: Kalliopi Radoglou Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, Nea Orestiada, Greece Title: Testing the potential of LEDs to enhance growth and quality characteristics of Salvia fruticosa Abstract: The effect of light-emitting diodes (LED) with broad radiation spectra on developmental, physiological, and phytochemical characteristics of Greek sage (Salvia fruticosa L.) seedlings was assessed. Fluorescent (FL - control) tubes and four LED lights [AP67 (moderate blue, red and far-red), L20AP67 (moderate blue, red and far-red, high green), AP673L (moderate blue, high red) and NS1 (high blue and green, low red, high red : far-red, 1% ultraviolet)] were used in a growth chamber. Seedlings grown under FL, L20AP67 and AP673L exhibited the best morphological and developmental characteristics. FL led to inferior root biomass formation compared to all LEDs. AP67 promoted greater root-to-shoot dry weight ratio and dry-to-fresh overground and root weight ratios, but induced the least morphological and developmental characteristics. NS1 performed well regarding the root biomass production. Total phenolic content and the root growth capacity were not significantly affected. The present study demonstrates that L20AP67 and AP673L LEDs performed equally to FL light regarding the developmental characteristics. AP67 and NS1 may have the potential to be used for compact seedling production. Keywords: light-emitting diodes, photomorphogenesis, Greek sage, transplant potential, phenolic compounds Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 98-106 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/206/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/206/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:206-2017-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patricia Malva Costa Author-Workplace-Name: Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Author-Name: Isabel Pôças Author-Workplace-Name: Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Geo-Space Sciences Research Centre, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science INESC TEC, Campus da Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto. Portugal Author-Name: Mário Cunha Author-Workplace-Name: Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Geo-Space Sciences Research Centre, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science INESC TEC, Campus da Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto. Portugal Title: Modelling evapotranspiration of soilless cut roses 'Red Naomi' based on climatic and crop predictors Abstract: This study aimed to estimate the daily crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of soilless cut 'Red Naomi' roses, cultivated in a commercial glass greenhouse, using climatic and crop predictors. A multiple stepwise regression technique was applied for estimating ETc using the daily relative humidity, stem leaf area and number of leaves of the bended stems. The model explained 90% of the daily ETc variability (R2 = 0.90, n = 33, P < 0.0001) measured by weighing lysimeters. The mean relative difference between the observed and the estimated daily ETc was 9.1%. The methodology revealed a high accuracy and precision in the estimation of daily ETc. Keywords: Rosa hybrida L., greenhouse crop, irrigation management, weighting lysimeter, multiple stepwise regression Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 107-114 Volume: 46 Issue: 2 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/147/2017-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/147/2017-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-201902-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:46:y:2019:i:2:id:147-2017-HORTSCI