Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sławomir Głuszek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Rhizosphere, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Lidia Sas-Paszt Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Rhizosphere, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Edyta Derkowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Rhizosphere, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Beata Sumorok Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Rhizosphere, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Mirosław Sitarek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cultivars Testing, Nursery and Genetic Resources, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Title: Influence of various biofertilizers on root growth dynamics in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cv. 'Vanda' Abstract: The experiment was established in the Pomological Orchard of The National Institute of Horticultural Research in Skierniewice in a system of randomized blocks. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the impact of innovative organic fertilizers: BioIlsa, BioFeed Ecomix, biostimulator Ausma and mycorrhizal inoculum Mykoflor on the fine roots growth characteristics of 'Vanda' sweet cherry trees in comparison with NPK mineral fertilization. The experiment involved five combinations, in three repetitions of three trees each, treated with tested preparations. The study assessed the influence of fertilization on the lifespan of the roots, the depth of their formation, their diameter and survivorship using minirhizotron camera. The highest numbers of roots were found in the treatment where the plants were fertilized with NPK and the lowest following the use of the biofertilizer BioFeed Ecomix. The longest lifespan was shown by the roots of the trees treated with BioFeed Ecomix - 347 days, and the shortest - by those fertilized with the Ausma - 225 days. The lifespan of the roots increased with their diameter. The roots that lived the longest had a diameter in the range from 0.9 to 1.0 mm - 568 days, and the shortest-living were the roots with a diameter smaller than 0.3 mm - 238 days. The roots that formed in late autumn and winter had the shortest median lifespan of 159 days, while the roots formed in the spring where characterized by the longest lifespan of 300 days. The lifespan of the roots formed close to the soil surface was the shortest - 225 days, while that of the roots formed at a depth of 10 to 20 cm was the longest - 326 days. Biological origin, organic nitrogen rich fertilizers positively influence on fine roots lifespan and longevity. Mineral fertilization increases number of new formed roots. Keywords: minirhizotrons, organic fertilizers, root lifespan, root longevity, rootstock Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 105-116 Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/119/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/119/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202103-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:48:y:2021:i:3:id:119-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdel-Rahman M.A. Mohamed Author-Workplace-Name: Horticulture Deptartment, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt Author-Name: Heba F. Sayed Author-Workplace-Name: Horticulture Deptartment, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt Author-Name: Lidia Sas Paszt Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Augustyn Mika Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Title: A modification in an open centre training system for increasing the crotch angles of peach scaffold branches Abstract: One-year-old 'Florida Prince' cultivar peach trees grafted on a 'Nemaguard' rootstock were planted in the early spring of 2018 at the Centre of Agricultural Research and Experiments, Minia University, located in southwest Egypt. The trees were planted 5 × 5 m in a randomised complete block design with four replicates, with ten trees in each replicate. In the late spring, two different pruning systems were applied; traditional open centre (OC) and de-branched top trees (DBT). The OC trees were headed at 80 cm above the ground. DBT is a modification of the OC, but no heading was undertaken and the new shoot growth arising from the 20 cm at the top of the plant were removed. Before the winter pruning took place, measurements were taken on the upper two opposite branches. The average length and diameter values of the upper two opposite branches at the top of the trees trained to the OC were higher than those trained with the DBT. In contrast, the distance between the upper two branches (25 cm) at the top of the DBT trees was significantly higher. Likewise, the values of the crotch angles (48°) and the number of branches (81 of 100 branches) that showed desired crotch angles (more than 40°) were remarkably higher in the trees trained with the DBT. After the winter pruning took place, the DBT trees were higher than the OC trees. Additionally, the trees trained with the DBT had low pruning costs and took less time. Moreover, the pruning wood weight of the DBT trees was about half of the pruning wood weight of the OC trees. In conclusion, the DBT training system showed the desired impact on the crotch angles and the tested pruning characteristics. Keywords: pruning peach, open centre, pruning modification, fruit training, de-branched top, crotch angles Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 117-125 Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/64/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/64/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202103-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:48:y:2021:i:3:id:64-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Kapczyńska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ornamental Plants and Garden Art, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland Author-Name: Bożena Stodolak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology and General Technology of Food, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland Title: Generative propagation and fertilisation of Stipeae species - wild grasses with ornamental potential Abstract: The wild grasses are of increasing interest among landscape architects. The appropriate plant selection is crucial for the subsequent survival and growth of plants in grassy gardens. The aim of the experiment was to assess the influence of seed age (1-3-year old seeds) on the germination of three Stipeae species: Eriocoma occidentalis subsp. californica, Stipa pulcherrima and Hesperostipa curtiseta. The seed weight and germination percentage showed a decline over a period of seed storage. There was 31-84% (depending on species) loss in germinability of 3-year old seeds in comparison to 1-year old seeds. After germination, plants were repotted and treated with Osmocote (a slow-release fertiliser, N15 + P10 + K12). The results indicated that fertilisation significantly increased the number of roots, stems, leaf length, leaf dry weight, chlorophylls and proline content. None of the tested species flowered in the year of sowing but in the next growing season. Plants fertilised in the previous year formed more and of better quality inflorescence stems. Keywords: Poaceae, wild species, Eriocoma, Hesperostipa, Stipa Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 126-133 Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/28/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/28/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202103-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:48:y:2021:i:3:id:28-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Danuta Kucharska Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Teresa Orlikowska Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Robert Maciorowski Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Małgorzata Kunka Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Angelika Niewiadomska-Wnuk Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Horticulture, Skierniewice, Poland Title: Storage of proliferating gooseberry cultures under slow growth conditions Abstract: Short storage of in vitro cultures under slow-growth conditions is included in the commercial large-scale micropropagation process. It is dictated by the organizational scheme that provides temporary stop multiplication of shoots for some months. To avoid subculturing to fresh media every 4 weeks, which is obligatory for gooseberry, they can be kept in conditions that protect them from ageing, by slowing down their metabolism. To develop a rational schedule of gooseberry micropropagation, two experiments were used to adopt a temperature and length of time for storage. The best results were obtained with storage conditions at 2 °C for two or four months for proliferating cultures. Under these conditions, the percentage of necrotic shoots was low (< 10%), and shoot proliferation in the subsequent passages was at a level similar to proliferation cultures incubated in the growth room and sub-cultured monthly. The rate of shoots > 1 cm was higher than in the control in the growth room. Storage at 4 °C increased the probability of necrotic shoots up to 80% and decreased the number of all shoots and shoots > 1 cm in subsequent passages. Keywords: Ribes grossularia L., micropropagation, necrotic explants, storage Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 134-140 Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/142/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/142/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202103-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:48:y:2021:i:3:id:142-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ján Kollár Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Ladislav Bakay Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Oleg Paulen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Production, Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Title: First record of Aceria granati (Canestrini et Massalongo, 1894) in Slovakia Abstract: Plant galls of Aceria granati (Canestrini et Massalongo 1894) were observed on the leaves of Punica granatum (Lythraceae) in a private garden in Nitra in July, 2017. Aceria granati is a monophagous gall mite damaging the leaves of Punica granatum. This gall mite was present in one locality in Nitra only and was probably imported from Hungary via the plant trade. This is the first observation of an Aceria granati occurrence in Slovakia. Keywords: alien insect pest, plant gall, Lythraceae Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 141-143 Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/141/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/141/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202103-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:48:y:2021:i:3:id:141-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olena Rubtsova Author-Workplace-Name: M.M. Gryshko Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Оlena Kolesnichenko Author-Workplace-Name: Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Mykola Shumyk Author-Workplace-Name: M.M. Gryshko Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Oleksandr Shynder Author-Workplace-Name: M.M. Gryshko Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Valentyna Chyzhankova Author-Workplace-Name: M.M. Gryshko Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Anzhela Dzyba Author-Workplace-Name: Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Author-Name: Sergey Hrysiuk Author-Workplace-Name: Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Title: Scots roses in Northern Ukraine Abstract: The article presents the results of the evaluation of eleven Scots rose cultivars in the northern part of Ukraine due to its severe winter conditions. A range of variations regarding the bloom colour, bloom size, bloom type, flowering incidence, plant size was noticed. The evaluation showed the decorative value and considerable frost resistance of the varieties 'Double White', 'Dunwich Rose', 'Frühlingsduft', 'Frühlingsgold', 'Frühlingsmorgen', 'Karl Forster', 'Mon Amie Claire', 'Red Nelly', 'Stanwell Perpetual', 'Suzanne', and 'William III'. The varieties studied can be used for decorative purposes in urban landscapes in the northern part of Ukraine. Keywords: Spinosissimas, ornamental qualities, winter damage, drought tolerance, Ukraine Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 144-148 Volume: 48 Issue: 3 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/90/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/90/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202103-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:48:y:2021:i:3:id:90-2020-HORTSCI