Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yinkai Xi Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Breeding and Cultivation Research and Development Center of Endangered and Daodi Chinese Medicinal Materials, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry Department, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Biao Zeng Author-Workplace-Name: Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Name: Hengyu Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Breeding and Cultivation Research and Development Center of Endangered and Daodi Chinese Medicinal Materials, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qiucheng Breeding Company Limited, Lijiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Ye Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Breeding and Cultivation Research and Development Center of Endangered and Daodi Chinese Medicinal Materials, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Pinhui Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Breeding and Cultivation Research and Development Center of Endangered and Daodi Chinese Medicinal Materials, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, P.R. China Title: Resolving the browning during the establishment of the in vitro propogation of Prunus avium cv. 'Fuchen' Abstract: Prunus avium cv. 'Fuchen' is a cultivated species with a high-profile economic benefit. Four media were used as a basal media equipped with four exogenous hormones to establish an intact regeneration system. Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) and active carbon (AC) improved the browning phenomenon. The results indicated that 1.0 g/L of AC and 30 g/L of Na2S2O3 were the best combination to inhibit the browning on the optimal basal medium - olive medium (OM) (followed by woody plant medium). The OM containing 1.5 mg/L of zeatin, 2.0 mg/L of α-naphtalenaecetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 mg/L of kinetin was beneficial for the germination and growth of the axillary buds. Green bud points were visible at the base of the swollen base after 25 days with a high proliferation coefficient (more than 7.50). The most optimal medium for rooting was 1/2 OM combined with 1.0 mg/L of NAA and 0.5 mg/L of indole-3-butyric-acid with a 100% rooting rate. The survival rate was up to 100% after 60 days with acclimatisation. Generally, a high-effective regeneration system was established, which provides a reference for keeping the excellent traits of the cultivar. Keywords: sweet cherry 'Fuchen', bud proliferation, basal medium, rapid propagation, browning inhibition Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 1-9 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/51/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/51/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:51-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bin Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenlong Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Changjuan Shan Title: Effects of selenomethionine on the antioxidative enzymes, water physiology and fruit quality of strawberry plants under drought stress Abstract: o investigate the role of selenomethionine (SeMet) in regulating the drought tolerance of strawberry plants, we explored the effects of SeMet on the antioxidative enzymes, water physiology and fruit quality of the strawberry plants under drought stress (DS). In this study, we used the strawberry variety 'Sweet Charlie' as the material and investigated the effects of SeMet on the drought tolerance of the strawberry plants through foliar spraying and pot experiments. The results showed that the DS obviously enhanced the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents in the leaves of the strawberry plants, compared with the control. Meanwhile, the DS markedly improved the fruit quality parameters of the soluble solids (SS), soluble sugar, vitamin C (Vc) and sugar-acid ratio. Compared with the DS alone, SeMet obviously enhanced the activities of the above antioxidant enzymes in the leaves and fruit quality parameters of SS, sugar-acid ratio and the soluble sugar and Vc contents, but decreased the MDA and H2O2 levels in the strawberry leaves under the DS. However, the DS markedly decreased the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) contents, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), relative water content (RWC), fruit weight and plant height and biomass. Compared with the DS alone, SeMet significantly increased the Chl and Car contents, Pn, Tr, Gs, RWC, fruit weight and plant height and biomass. Meanwhile, SeMet al.ne decreased the MDA and H2O2 levels and improved the other indicators except for the RWC compared with the control. Our present results concluded that SeMet relieved the adverse impacts of DS on the strawberry growth by enhancing the antioxidant enzymes, photosynthesis and water conditions of the leaves, which promoted the fruit weight and quality. Thus, SeMet can be considered as a regulator to improve the drought tolerance and fruit weight and quality of strawberries. Keywords: water deficit, SeMet, fruit quality traits, water physiological traits, Fragaria × ananassa Duch Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 10-18 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/175/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/175/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:175-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Summeya Munawar Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Awais Ghani Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Basharat Ali Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Azam Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Zahid Rashid Author-Workplace-Name: Horticultural Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Romana Anjum Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Sarwar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Tanveer Ahmad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan Author-Name: Anam Noor Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan Author-Name: Qumer Iqbal Author-Workplace-Name: Fiblast, LLC., Tuskegee, USA Author-Name: Kaiser Latif Cheema Author-Workplace-Name: Pulses Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Muzammil Jahangir Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Jahanzeb Ahmad Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Mehran Abbas Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Title: Attenuation of cadmium induced oxidative stress in cucumber seedlings by modulating the photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery through foliar applied glutamic acid Abstract: In recent decades, adverse effects of unexpected contaminants on the quality of crops have threatened both the food security and human health. Vegetable production in heavy metal contaminated soils is a serious concern regarding the quality of food. Glutamic acid has been extensively studied as a stress-responsive antioxidant molecule and its function is involved in triggering plant growth during abiotic stress. Therefore, in the present study, the alleviating role of exogenously applied glutamic acid was examined in soil grown cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) under four levels of cadmium (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg Cd/kg) and two levels of glutamic acid (0, 10 mM). The results showed that the Cd stress reduced the plant growth and chlorophyll contents in the cucumbers. Significant decreases were more pronounced in the photosynthetic parameters under the Cd stress alone in both cultivars. However, pronounced deleterious effects were observed in the Ashly cultivar as compared to SSC-228 in respect to the plant growth and photosynthetic attributes. However, the exogenous treatment of glutamic acid significantly improved the plant growth and chlorophyll contents of plants under the Cd stress. The glutamic acid also decreased the Cd contents in the cucumber roots and leaves, and further decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) which were elevated by the high Cd concentrations. Interestingly, the antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and POD) increased under the different elevated Cd levels in the leaves of the cucumber plants. However, the CAT and APX activities were reduced with an increasing Cd concentration in the soil in both cultivars. Meanwhile, the exogenously applied glutamic acid exhibited synergic effects and further activated the antioxidant enzyme activities in the cucumber leaves under the Cd stress. In this study, the SSC-228 cultivar was found to be more tolerant to Cd stress as compared to the Ashly cultivar. Furthermore, the findings of this study highlight that a glutamic acid application can play a significant role in enhancing the plant growth and stimulating the biochemical activities in cucumbers under Cd stress. Keywords: heavy metal, vegetables, signalling molecule, plant growth, reactive oxygen species Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 19-28 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/41/2021-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/41/2021-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:41-2021-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xin Li Author-Workplace-Name: Administrative Station of Suzhou Wetland Protection, Suzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Di Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Science and Engineering, School of Design, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Jun Xu Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Science of Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Jun Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Science of Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongwei Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Science of Taihu Lake District, Suzhou, P.R. China Title: The protective effect of cold acclimation on the low temperature stress of the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Abstract: This study compared the protective effect of cold acclimation on the cold tolerance in the lotus (Nelumbo nucifera). The cold acclimation increased the sprouting rate and leaf expansion rate of the lotus by about 36% at 0 °C, and the cold acclimation could enhance the levels of the stress related osmolytes including higher proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents. The electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation level of the control samples increased significantly, but these indices did not change significantly in the cold acclimation group during low temperature stress. Furthermore, the cold acclimated rhizomes had higher antioxidant enzyme activities and a more stable ROS homeostasis response to the low temperature stress. Some stress-related genes were significantly up-regulated after the cold acclimation, especially the antioxidase related genes (CAT1, GPX, APX and MSD) were up-regulated nearly five times higher than that of the control group at the 0 °C condition. Additionally, the ICE1-CBF-COR pathway was involved in the lotus cold acclimation process. These results suggested that cold acclimation can obviously improve the stress tolerance of the lotus by the stable ROS homeostasis, enhance the antioxidant enzyme activity, regulate the stress-related gene expression and alleviate the stress damage. Keywords: cold tolerance, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant system Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 29-37 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/62/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/62/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:62-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kurniawan Budiarto Author-Name: Lizia Zamzami Author-Workplace-Name: Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute, Kota Batu, Indonesia *Coresponding author: kbud1arto@gmail.com Author-Name: Otto Endarto Author-Workplace-Name: Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute, Kota Batu, Indonesia *Coresponding author: kbud1arto@gmail.com Title: Effect of salicylic and ascorbic acids on post-harvest vase life of Chrysanthemum cut flowers Abstract: Flower vase life is one important aspect in determining the flower quality in the cut flower chrysanthemum. The use of ascorbic or salicylic acid as preservative solutions was expected to have an impact on the prolonged duration of the cut flower freshness. The research was designed in two parallel experiments. The first dealt with salicylic acid, while the second focused on ascorbic acid. Both experiments were arranged in a factorial completely blocked randomised design. Two chrysanthemum varieties, i.e., 'Reagent Sunny' and 'Yellow Fiji' were the first factor and concentrations of the salicylic or ascorbic acids, i.e., 0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm became the second factor. The results showed the termination of the flower freshness was recognised by the wilted leaves and petals, and petal colour changes. In all the treatments, the colour change of the wilted petals of each variety fell in the same colour, indicating the direction of the colour changes was not affected by the ascorbic/salicylic acids. Ascorbic acid at 200 ppm induced longer flower longevity than the control with delayed chlorophyll degradation in both tested cultivars. In the salicylic acid applications, a 100-ppm solution induced longer flower freshness only in the 'Reagent Sunny'. In higher concentrations, salicylic acid solutions induced shorter flower freshness with faster chlorophyll degradation and basal tissue damage in the 'Yellow Fiji'. Keywords: flower freshness, preservatives, wilting, variety, chlorophyll content Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 38-47 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/151/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/151/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:151-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Poniewozik Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Production, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Marzena Parzymies Author-Name: Paweł Szot Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticultural Production, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Title: Effect of activated charcoal and ascorbic acid on in vitro morphogenesis and o-dihydroxyphenols content in Paphiopedilum insigne Abstract: Phenolic compounds limit micropropagation of many orchids in vitro. The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of activated charcoal (AC);1, 2 or 4 g/L) or ascorbic acid (AA; 10, 20 or 30 mg/L) added to the half strength MS medium on the growth and o-dihydroxyphenols content in Paphiopedilum insigne in vitro. A positive effect of AC on the shoot and root formation has been found. The highest multiplication rate (5.6 shoots/explant) and rooting frequency were obtained on medium containing 2 g/L of AC. However, AC reduced the leaf number as compared to the control. The lowest content of o-dihydroxyphenols was marked in Paphiopedilum insigne leaves when the shoots were grown on medium with 10 mg/L AA, followed by AC at 1 or 2 g/L. Keywords: lady slipper, orchid, micropropagation, phenolic compounds, tissue culture Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 48-51 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/68/2020-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/68/2020-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:68-2020-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diana Elena Vizitiu Author-Name: Ionela-Daniela Sărdărescu Author-Workplace-Name: National Research and Development Institute for Biotechnology in Horticulture Stefanesti-Arges, Ștefănești, Romania Author-Name: Andrei Tiţa Author-Workplace-Name: National Research and Development Institute for Biotechnology in Horticulture Stefanesti-Arges, Ștefănești, Romania Author-Name: Elena-Cocuţa Buciumeanu Author-Workplace-Name: National Research and Development Institute for Biotechnology in Horticulture Stefanesti-Arges, Ștefănești, Romania Title: Seasonal abundance of insects from a vineyard in southern Romania Abstract: A field experiment was undertaken in a vineyard in southern Romania to evaluate the insect species abundance in this temperate climate area, over a period of 24 consecutive weeks, starting from April 2nd to September 27th, 2019. A total number of 19 303 insects were collected. After their morphological analysis, 89 species of insects were identified (nine orders and 28 families), of which 52 came from beneficial fauna (six orders and 14 families, 1 316 individuals) and 37 came from pest fauna (six orders and 26 families, 17 987 individuals). The beneficial species richness of the Coleoptera and Hymenoptera orders were the best represented. The pest insects of the Coleoptera and Hemiptera orders registered a high number of families, while the Thripidae family had the highest number of individuals. The highest diversity of insect species was found in the middle of April, and the lowest was found in the middle of August. The Bray-Curtis analysis revealed the stability of the insect community in the studied grapevine growing area. Grouping insects based on their similarities revealed the highest similarity (91.05-97%) in the warmest periods (June-August) and the lowest similarity (33%) in the spring (April). Keywords: viticulture, arthropods, richness, diversity, similarity Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 52-58 Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/15/2021-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/15/2021-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202201-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:49:y:2022:i:1:id:15-2021-HORTSCI