Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Edyta Derkowska Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Beata Sumorok Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Lidia Sas-Paszt Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Krzysztof Górnik Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Sławomir Głuszek Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Anna Lisek Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Augustyn Mika Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Author-Name: Mateusz Frąc Author-Workplace-Name: The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, Poland Title: Colonization of 'Sampion' apple tree roots and rhizosphere by mycorrhizal fungi following the application of AquaGel or organic compost enriched with beneficial microorganisms Abstract: Apple trees of the cultivar 'Sampion' were planted at the Experimental Orchard of National Institute of Horticultural Research in Dąbrowice. In a three-year experiment (2019-2021) the following fertilization combinations were applied: AquaGel (commercial hydrogel), AquaGel combined with a consortium of beneficial bacteria, AquaGel combined with a consortium of beneficial filamentous fungi, organic compost alone, compost combined with a consortium of beneficial bacteria, and compost combined with a consortium of beneficial filamentous fungi. The presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was assessed both in the rhizosphere soil and in the roots of apple trees. The results of the study indicate the most advantageous effect of compost combined with bacteria or fungi on the degree of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the formation of their spores in the soil. Keywords: fertilization, mycorrhizal frequency, soil, spores, beneficial bacteria, beneficial fungi Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 253-261 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/1/2023-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2023-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:1-2023-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Boris Rilak Author-Name: Ivan Glišić Author-Workplace-Name: University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: Milan Lukić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for the Study of Herbal Medicine "Dr Josif Pančić", Belgrade, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: Tomo Milošević Author-Workplace-Name: University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: Jelena Tomić Author-Workplace-Name: Fruit Research Institute, Čačak, Republic of Serbia Author-Name: Mira Milinković Author-Workplace-Name: Land Institute, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia Title: Influence of pre-harvest calcium spray on fruit quality of apple cultivars during cold storage Abstract: Effect of pre-harvest calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatment on fruit quality attributes of three apple cultivars ('Golden Delicious Reinders®', 'Granny Smith' and 'Red Chief') at harvest and after two and four months of cold storage during two consecutive years was studied. Trees were sprayed four times starting from the beginning of June at 20-day intervals. After harvest, fruits were stored in a regular atmosphere (RA) for further analysis. Measurements included fruit weight, weight loss, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity (TA), total sugars (TS), TS/TA, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA). CaCl2 had a positive impact on fruit firmness of all cultivars in both years. Higher values of TSS and TS of 'Golden Delicious Reinders®' were determined in CaCl2 treatment in both years. TSS, TS and TS/TA were increased by prolonging storage in 'Red Chief' in CaCl2 treatment and control, in both years. TSS and TS proved similarly stable in 'Granny Smith' during storage in CaCl2 treatment and control in the second year of examination, but a decrease of TA and TS/TA has been detected in both years of storage. The AA of cultivars 'Golden Delicious Reinders®' and 'Red Chief' was stronger affected by the storage compared to CaCl2 treatment. Through a comprehensive analysis of apple cultivars it can be concluded that pre-harvest application of CaCl2 in cultivars 'Golden Delicious Reinders®' and 'Red Chief' can be used to improve fruit quality during storage. Keywords: Malus domestica, calcium-chloride, physicochemical traits of fruit, fruit storage Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 262-274 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/127/2022-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/127/2022-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:127-2022-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Senad Murtić Author-Name: Milena Đurić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Author-Name: Jasmin Fazlić Author-Workplace-Name: Family Farming, Osoje village, Prijepolje municipality, Serbia Author-Name: Fikreta Behmen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Sanel Haseljić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Amina Šerbo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Haris Berbić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Title: Organic versus conventional 'Willamette' raspberry: yield, bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties Abstract: This paper presents the results of a two-year trial on the yield, total phenolic and flavonoid contents and total antioxidant capacity of the 'Willamette' red raspberry under organic and conventional farming. A trial was conducted in a commercial plantation of 'Willamette' raspberries located in the southwestern part of Serbia. The total phenolics and flavonoids in the raspberry fruits were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride assay, respectively. The ferric reducing antioxidant power assay was used to evaluate the total antioxidant capacity of the raspberry fruits. The results of this study showed that the raspberry yields were significantly affected by the different farming systems. The raspberry yield in conventional farming was higher than that of organic farming. Contrastingly, the raspberries from the organic farming contained higher levels of the total phenolics and flavonoids and also had a higher total antioxidant activity compared to those from the conventional farming in both 2021 and 2022. This study also showed that the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the 'Willamette' red raspberry have a significant and positive correlation with their total antioxidant capacity, indicating that the phenolic compounds play an important role in the antioxidant activity of the raspberry. Keywords: environment, fertilisation, fruits, health, plant protection Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 275-282 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/164/2022-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/164/2022-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:164-2022-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zoranka Malešević Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of East Sarajevo, Serbia Author-Name: Mirjana Jovović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of East Sarajevo, Serbia Author-Name: Aleksandra Govedarica- Lučić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of East Sarajevo, Serbia Author-Name: Marko Petković Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Serbia Title: Comparative analysis of phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant content in root vegetables from organic and conventional production Abstract: Vegetables and their products have a low caloric value. Root vegetables are rich in bioactive compounds such flavonoids, polyphenolic acids, carotenoids. It also contains a some percentage of other functional components that can significantly affect human health.In order to achieve a high yield, excessive fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer is performed, which worsens the quality of vegetables. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact cultivation system on the content of total phenolics and flavonoids, as well as a comparative assessment of their antioxidant activity in selected samples of vegetables. The antioxidant activity was studied using DPPH, and ABTS assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteuand and Aluminium chloride colorimetric methods, respectively. The highest content of total phenolics was determined for parsley from conventional production (427.38 mg GAE/100 g fresh sample), parsley from organic production the richest source of flavonoids (54.92 mg GAE/100 g fresh sample). Other samples of vegetables from conventional production had a lower flavonoid content compared to organic production. It was confirmed that the antioxidant activity of the analyzed vegetables in the maximum correlation with the content of total phenolics (R2 = 1). Organic samples of vegetables were characterized by a significantly higher content of flavonoids compared to vegetables grown conventionally. Organic production could be a good method to increase the concentration of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties in vegetables. Keywords: root plants, farming system, primary antioxidants Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 283-289 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/26/2022-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/26/2022-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:26-2022-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Danguolė Kavaliauskaitė Author-Workplace-Name: Lithuanian Research Centre of Agriculture and Forestry, Kėdainių, Lithuania Author-Name: Rasa Karklelienė Author-Workplace-Name: Lithuanian Research Centre of Agriculture and Forestry, Kėdainių, Lithuania Author-Name: Julė Jankauskienė Author-Workplace-Name: Lithuanian Research Centre of Agriculture and Forestry, Kėdainių, Lithuania Title: Impact of an organic fertiliser on the yield of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and the soil productivity Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a granular poultry manure fertiliser on the yield and the quality of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), and to determine the effect on the soil agrochemical properties. The effect of the granular poultry manure fertiliser and mineral fertiliser (applied separately and combined at different times - in early spring and in autumn) on the cabbage yields was determined. Investigations were carried out in the fields of the Institute of Horticulture, the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry. The object of the research - white cabbage 'Socrates' H. The highest white cabbage marketable yield (80.5 t/ha) and the highest amount of vitamin C (7.80 mg per 100 g of products) was obtained by applying the granular poultry manure fertiliser in the autumn and the mineral fertiliser in the spring, where the granular poultry manure fertiliser applied in the early spring and the granular poultry manure fertiliser applied in the autumn with the mineral fertiliser applied in spring retained a higher content of humus (1.82-1.94%), organic carbon (1.06-1.12%) and total nitrogen (0.099-0.147%). The mineral nitrogen residue in the soil decreased when the cabbage was fertilised in the spring with the mineral fertiliser and when fertilised in the spring with the mineral fertiliser in combination with the granular poultry manure fertiliser by 8.1-10.8 kg/ha. The minimum content of nitrates in the heads of the white cabbage was found after using the granular poultry manure fertiliser in the autumn. Keywords: granular poultry manure fertilizer, harvest,  humus,  mineral fertilizer, nitrates, white cabbage Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 290-296 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/33/2022-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2022-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:33-2022-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaorui Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Tingting Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Yang Song Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Shijun Sun Author-Workplace-Name: Hetao College, Bayan Nur, P.R. China Author-Name: Baosheng Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Author-Name: Shimao Cui Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, P.R. China Title: Effects of severe drought stress on the physiology and biochemistry characteristics of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L. var. giganteum Makino) seedlings Abstract: The physiological regulation of Welsh onion seedlings was explored under short- and long-term drought stress. The Welsh onion cultivar 'Neicong 3' was grown in pots under drought stress (22.5-25% soil water content) or controlled watering conditions (65-67.5% soil water content). Different lengths of drought stress (7, 14, 21, and 28 days) were studied to determine the effects of the drought on the levels of the osmoregulatory substances, including proline (Pro), free amino acids (FAAs), soluble sugar (SS), and soluble protein (SP); the membrane-damage indicator malondialdehyde (MDA); the endogenous hormones indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA); and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). The soil water content was restored to the control level after the drought stress to analyse the physiological responses of the Welsh onion with regards to rehydration. The results showed that the Welsh onion responded to drought stress primarily by increasing the levels of the osmoregulatory substances and the activities of the protective enzymes. The drought stress resulted in the accumulation of Pro, FAA, SS, MDA, and ABA in the pseudostems, while the IAA and GA levels decreased. Short-term drought stress led to a decrease in the SOD activity and an increase in the CAT activity, whereas the long-term drought stress led to a decrease in the POD activity. The effects of the drought stress on the SP and JA contents were negligible. The rehydration demonstrated that the short-term drought stress (7 or 14 days) did not exceed the tolerance of the Welsh onion; the substances regulating the drought tolerance were restored to normal levels after the stress conditions were relieved. In contrast, after the severe drought stress (28 days), the substances regulating the drought tolerance in the seedlings could not return to normal levels. This study provides a theoretical basis for the cultivation of the Welsh onion under early drought conditions and for breeding of drought-resistant varieties. Keywords: Welsh onion, severe drought stress, rehydration, physiological characteristics Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 297-307 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/58/2022-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/58/2022-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:58-2022-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Huiping Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, P. R. China Title: Polyglutamic acid as a vase life improver for cut lilies Abstract: The vase life of cut lilies is short. Improving the vase life is very important to keep this kind of cut flower fresh by using exogenous improvers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effectiveness of polyglutamic acid (PGA) on the vase life of cut lilies, in order to introduce a new vase life improver for cut lilies. The results demonstrated that PGA significantly strengthened the antioxidant capacity by enhancing the antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase) and the antioxidant contents (total phenolics, total flavonoids, total anthocyanin and vitamin C), which further decreased the electrolyte leakage and the malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents. Meanwhile, the PGA significantly maintained the water balance by decreasing the water saturation deficit and increasing the relative water content and the soluble sugar and proline contents, as well as the average fresh weight change rate and average water balance value of the cut flower. Besides, the PGA significantly decreased the wilted flower numbers and increased the open flower numbers, flower diameter and the vase life of lily cut flower. The above findings provided useful information for the potential application of PGA as a new vase life improver for cut lilies. Keywords: postharvest quality,  biopolymer,  aging,  antioxidase,  oxidative damage Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 308-314 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/148/2022-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/148/2022-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202304-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:148-2022-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Editorial Office Title: Index of Volume 50 Journal: Horticultural Science Number: 0 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2023 File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/hor-202304-0008_index-of-volume-50.php File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:50:y:2023:i:4:id:hor-202304-0008