Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ömer Faruk Coşkun
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Türkiye
Author-Name: Osman Gülşen
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
Title: Molecular, morphological and phytochemical characterization of some watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) genotypes
Abstract: Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is grown in tropical and temperate regions and an economically important crop. Characterization studies of watermelon may provide valuable information for breeding and research programs. The objectives of this study were to determined of morphological, phytochemical, genetic diversity and population structure among the watermelons. Morphological and phytochemical variations including sugar contents were determined in 96 watermelon genotypes grown in the field. The average number of fruits per plant was determined as 2.52 ± 0.06, and the average yield was determined as 6.2 ± 0.11 kg/m2. The mean total sugar was determined as 6.27 ± 0.12 %, and the lowest value was measured in genotype 234 (1.1%); the highest value was measured in genotype number 184 (8.66%). A total of 62 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) primers were used in the molecular characterization study. The similarity coefficients among the 96 genotypes varied between 0.23 and 0.99. This study indicates that there is a wide morphological and sugar parameters variation among watermelon genotypes but narrow molecular genetic diversity. It also provides useful information for watermelon breeding studies.
Keywords: watermelon, characterization, genetic, SSR, sugar analysis
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 189-201
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/5/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2023-HORTSCI.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaoyun Wang
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Author-Name: Hongyan Sun
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Author-Name: Xin Lian
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Author-Name: Jia Feng
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Author-Name: Jinghang Zhao
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Author-Name: Yibo Wang
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Author-Name: Yanru Liu
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, P. R. China
Title: Physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber seedlings under different levels drought stress (PEG 6000 concentrations)
Abstract: The effects of different drought stress levels on the plant growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings were investigated using different mass fractions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (0, 2.5, 5, 10%) to simulate the drought stress. The results showed that the plant height, root length, leaf dry weight (DW), stem DW, root DW, and plant DW all showed no significant difference under mild (2.5% PEG 6000) drought stress, while they exhibited a decreasing trend with an increasing level of PEG. The changing trend in the photosynthetic efficiency, chlorophyll a, and carotenoid content was consistent with the growth index under drought stress. Besides, the content of chlorophyll b in the cucumber seedlings increased under moderate (5% PEG 6000) drought stress, but decreased under severe (10% PEG 6000) drought stress. However, the antioxidase activities, soluble protein content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total phenols, and total flavonoid content in the cucumber seedlings increased gradually with the increase in the mass fraction of PEG. The results indicated that higher the level of drought stress, the higher inhibition on the seedling growth or more severe damage on the cell membrane, and higher contents of total phenols and flavonoids were obtained.
Keywords: Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), antioxidase, chlorophyll content, flavonoids, phenols, photosynthesis
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 202-211
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/53/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/53/2023-HORTSCI.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pavol Suran
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Breeding, Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic
Title: Use of near-infrared spectrometry in temperate fruit: A review
Abstract: Near-Infrared (NIR) spectrometry has emerged as a promising tool for the non-destructive and rapid analysis of temperate fruit quality, maturity, and other parameters. The technique provides a wealth of information, including details of chemical composition, without damaging the fruit, making it a highly viable alternative to traditional methods. This paper reviews the recent research and applications of NIR spectrometry for fruit evaluation, highlighting its strengths and potential limitations. The analysis shows a significant potential for NIR spectrometry, especially when combined with machine learning and artificial intelligence to handle complex data and improve predictive models. The development of portable NIR spectrometers allows for in-situ quality assessment, expanding its applicability to various fields including on-site quality control. Despite the benefits, this review identifies key challenges including spectral complexity, fruit variability, and the influence of the external environment. Recommendations for future research include focusing on improving calibration and validation of models, increasing predictive accuracy, and developing user-friendly instruments. In addition, standardization of measurement procedures and analytical methods is needed to ensure comparability and reproducibility of results. Further research is needed to fully realize the full potential of NIR spectrometry in fruit quality control.
Keywords: NIR spectroscopy, temperate fruit, fruit evaluation, quality control, calibration and validation
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 169-188
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/85/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/85/2023-HORTSCI.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jelena Damnjanović
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Development Institute Tamiš, Pančevo, Serbia
Author-Name: Zdenka Girek
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Author-Name: Svetlana Roljević Nikolić
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Development Institute Tamiš, Pančevo, Serbia
Author-Name: Milan Ugrinović
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Vegetable Crops Smederevska Palanka, Smederevska Palanka, Serbia
Author-Name: Danica Mićanović
Author-Workplace-Name: Serbian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Bеlgrade, Serbia
Author-Name: Suzana Pavlović
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
Title: Assessment of eggplant germplasm genetic diversity using RAPD markers
Abstract: Evaluation of genetic resources of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) from different geographical areas using molecular markers (RAPD) is of great importance in the breeding process. A total of 90 polymorphic amplified products were obtained from 10 decametric RAPD primers, used to analyse the genetic diversity of 20 genotypes of eggplant (16 local and 4 genotypes of foreign origin). The highest polymorphism was determined using the OPAF-16 primer (70.83%). The number of detected bands ranged from 13 (OPF-04) to 24 (OPAF-16), while the average number of bands per primer was 17.2. The lengths of the amplified fragments ranged from 400 to 9 000 bp. The value of the Jaccard's genetic distance coefficient ranged from 0.095 to 0.35, and the dendrogram constructed using the UPGMA method showed that 16 local and 4 foreign genotypes were grouped into nine groups (clusters). Populations K1, K8/1, K19, K22, K25 and K38 represent genotypes that separated from the others and formed single clusters. The lowest value of the calculated genetic distance was 0.095 between domestic genotypes K13 and K12, which also showed morphological similarity in terms of shape and colour. On the other hand, the highest value of genetic distance was calculated between foreign genotypes K19 and K25 (0.35), K19 and K34 (0.34) and K19 and K38 (0.34). Genetically distinct genotypes identified using RAPD markers could be potential starting genetic material for crossing with other genotypes to obtain new and improved eggplant varieties.
Keywords: Solanum melongena L., genetic resources, diversity, RAPD markers
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 212-218
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/90/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/90/2023-HORTSCI.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thanh Thang Tran
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Author-Workplace-Name: Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Author-Name: Thanh Huong Tran
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Author-Workplace-Name: Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Author-Name: Trang Viet Bui
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Author-Workplace-Name: Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Title: Effects of abscisic acid and sodium nitroprusside priming on yield and quality of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under drought stress
Abstract: This study tested the impact of priming peanut seeds from the VD01-2 cultivar with either 6 mg/L of abscisic acid or 20 mg/L of sodium nitroprusside to prevent damage from drought stress. Throughout the development of peanuts under drought-stress conditions, various morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes were analyzed. According to the study, it was determined that priming with SNP had a more significant effect than priming with ABA. The use of sodium nitroprusside priming resulted in an improvement in both the yield and quality of peanuts when grown under drought conditions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the use of sodium nitroprusside priming showed an increase in chlorophyll content, gas exchange capacity, and antioxidant activities while reducing lipid peroxidation.
Keywords: abscisic acid, drought stress, peanut, sodium nitroprusside, yield
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 219-227
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/97/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/97/2023-HORTSCI.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yang Gao
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi province, P. R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Science, Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, P. R. China
Author-Name: Cheng Kun Jiang
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi province, P. R. China
Author-Name: Yu Cauo Zhao
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi province, P. R. China
Author-Name: Chun Feng Xia
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi province, P. R. China
Author-Name: Chao Nan Kan
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Science, Resources and Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, P. R. China
Author-Name: Nan Heng Wu
Author-Workplace-Name: Choerospondias axillaris Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang. P. R. China
Author-Name: Fei Ding
Author-Workplace-Name: Choerospondias axillaris Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang. P. R. China
Author-Name: Yi Ping Zou
Author-Workplace-Name: School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi province, P. R. China
Title: Sugars and organic acids components of different provenances Choerospondias axillaries fruit
Abstract: Choerospondias axillaries (CA) is an important fast-growing afforestation tree species in southern China, and its fruit has medicinal and edible value. High performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the composition and content of sugar and acid in CA fruits from different provenances, and cluster analysis was conducted on different provenances. The results showed that the total sugar content of CA fruit ranged from 49.31 to 139.41 mg/g, with sucrose accounting for the highest proportion of total sugar, followed by glucose, and fructose was the lowest. The total acid content of CA fruit ranged from 47.97 to 82.81 mg/g, with citric acid accounting for 67.09% of the total acid, followed by ascorbic acid, quinic acid, tartaric acid, and malic acid. Cluster analysis was conducted on 20 CA fruits, which were divided into 4 categories. It was recommended to develop N19 fruit had the highest content of sucrose and glucose, and the highest sweetness value, sugar-acid ratio and sweet-acid ratio. It can be suggested to be developed as a high-sugar fresh food source. N02 fruit with high sugar and high acid content can be used as a raw material for fruit cake processing. This result provides an important reference for the quality evaluation and rational development and utilization of CA.
Keywords: Choerospondias axillaris, provenances, soluble sugars, organic acids, cluster analysis
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 228-237
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/128/2023-HORTSCI
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaroslav Salava
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Jana Brožová
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Title: Evaluation of susceptibility to Plum pox virus and European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma in Japanese plum and pluot cultivars
Abstract: Resistance to PPV and ESFY phytoplasma has been evaluated for Japanese plum ('Aphrodite', 'Black Amber', 'Crimson Glo', 'Santa Rosa') and pluot ('Dapple Supreme', 'Flav Queen', 'Flav Supreme') cultivars. Each cultivar was grafted by chip-budding on GF 305 peach rootstocks and infected with the virulent PPV-Rec or ESFY phytoplasma strain also by chip-budding. After bud break, cultivar evaluation consisted in observing presence or absence of symptoms on leaves, noting the symptom intensity on leaves and on the whole plant. Plants were studied in controlled conditions in a sealed screen-house for three consecutive growth periods. DAS-ELISA and RFLP-PCR analyses were also employed to verify the presence or absence of PPV, respectively ESFY phytoplasma. Results obtained in the context of this very severe biological test against PPV and ESFY phytoplasma confirm the high level of susceptibility of Japanese plum and pluot cultivars.
Keywords: Prunus salicina, Prunus armeniaca, interspecific hybrids, PPV, sharka, ESFY, Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum, resistance
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 238-243
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/170/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/170/2023-HORTSCI.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ömer Sari
Author-Workplace-Name: Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute, Samsun, Turkey
Title: Analyzing the effects of different GA3 applications on plant root architecture and above-ground properties in tulip cultivars
Abstract: In the study, the effects of 0, 100, 200 and 400 ppm spray applications of GA3 on root and above-ground parts of 'Jan Reus', 'Bloody Mary' and 'Yokohama' tulip cultivars were determined. According to the results, on the development of plant upper part properties, 200 ppm in 'Jan Reus' and 'Yokohama' and 100 ppm in 'Bloody Mary' were the most effective applications. Again, the least increases in upper part properties were obtained from the control plants in 'Jan Reus' and 'Bloody Mary', and from the 100 ppm application in 'Yokohama'. While 100 ppm was the most effective application in 'Jan Reus' and 'Yokohama' in terms of root development, the effect of the applications in 'Bloody Mary' was lower than the control. The application that least increased root development was determined as 400 ppm in 'Jan Reus' and 200 ppm in 'Bloody Mary' and 'Yokohama'. Root growth was found to be negatively related to GA3 content. High GA3 is thought to negatively affect overall root growth, possibly by suppressing the effect of auxin. It is assumed that GA3 produced by the plant itself may be sufficient for root development or may be effective at much lower dose applications. On the other hand, it has been determined that the effects of GA3 application vary depending on the variety. According to these results, it is recommended to apply it at a dose of 200 ppm to ensure flowering by providing cooling in tulip cultivars and cut flower cultivation. High doses of GA3 are not recommended for root development.
Keywords: tulips, GA3, root analyzing, growing, flowering, plant height
Journal: Horticultural Science
Pages: 244-254
Volume: 51
Issue: 3
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/174/2023-HORTSCI
File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/174/2023-HORTSCI.html
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