Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandra Šušnjar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Tomaž Polak Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: Andrej Živković Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Author-Name: Sanja Lazić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Slavica Vuković Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Siniša Mitrić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka , Bosnia & Herzegovina Author-Name: Darko Guljaš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Dragana Bošković Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Jelena Ećimović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Dragana Šunjka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Title: Trans-polydatin and trans-resveratrol in grape berries grown under organic and conventional production systems Abstract: Resveratrol and polydatin are stilbenes with notable antioxidant and health benefits, making them important compounds in health promotion, grapevine production, and oenology. This study aimed to monitor the trans isomers of these compounds in twelve grape varieties (red and white), grown under organic production (OP) and conventional production (CP) systems. A novel high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was developed and validated, demonstrating sensitivity and reliability for the quantification of the mentioned stilbenes. The method was applied to real samples, enabling the evaluation of the influence of production systems on the presence of the analysed compounds. The research included some of the most widely cultivated domestic and international varieties in the examined region. The obtained results revealed a significant impact of the production system and grape colour on resveratrol and polydatin content. OP consistently yielded a higher content of both compounds, compared to CP. Furthermore, red varieties showed higher overall stilbene levels than white ones. 'Shiraz' variety was an exception, with high levels of both compounds under CP. All the obtained findings highlight the role of the production system in enhancing bioactive compound content in grapes. The study provides valuable insights for optimising viticulture, supporting plant resilience, and improving the nutritional qualities of grape-derived products. Keywords: agriculture, chromatography, plant protection, polyphenols, stilbenes, viticulture Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 281-292 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/231/2024-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/231/2024-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:231-2024-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Tethal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture and Enology, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Sochor Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture and Enology, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radek Sotolář Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture and Enology, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Pavloušek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture and Enology, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Mojmír Baroň Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture and Enology, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Richard Danko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture and Enology, Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Magdalena Kapłan Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture Production, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Kamila Klimek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland Title: A study on effects of rootstocks on vine balance of 'Cerason' cultivar Abstract: 'Cerason' is an interspecific cultivar of grapevine that has been bred and selected in the Czech Republic (2008). The cultivar is a result of crossing the cultivars 'Merlan' and 'Fratava' and shows very promising potential within the framework of a fungus-resistant (PIWI) cultivar, making it particularly suitable for organic wine-making. This paper presents the results of an experiment performed with seven selected rootstock cultivars (viz. 'Kober 125AA', 'Amos', 'Börner', 'Crâciunel 2', 'Kober 5BB', 'K1SO4' and 'Teleki 5C') and some data about the effects of these rootstocks on the quantitative variables of the cultivar 'Cerason'. The aim of this study was to choose and specify the rootstock cultivars that would be the most suitable for a given locality. The following traits were monitored and recorded: plant vitality, the yielding capacity of the individual plants, and the number and weight of clusters per vine. The weight of 100 berries was also an important variable. The rootstock cultivars 'Kober 125AA' and 'Kober 5BB' were evaluated as the best for optimal growth and fertility (especially a higher fertility index, pruning weight and weight of clusters). The experimental results indicated that the cultivar 'Crâciunel 2' could also be a suitable rootstock. The 'Kober 125AA' rootstock also showed the most optimal Ravaz index, with an average of 5.9 over the three-year observation period. Keywords: agronomic variables, ', Cerason', , morphological variables, rootstock, yield Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 293-303 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/16/2025-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2025-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:16-2025-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mersija Delić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Milenko Blesić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Fikreta Behmen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Growing, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Anstasija Anđušić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Fahrudin Topčić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Viticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Senad Murtić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina Title: Effect of harvest time on total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacities of two grape varieties from Trebinje vineyard area Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of harvest timing on the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, in addition to the total antioxidant capacity in the berries of 'Žilavka' and 'Vranac' varieties grown in the Trebinje vineyard area. Grape samples for both varieties were collected at three distinct points during their ripening. The chosen harvest dates were set 10 days apart, and the optimal date for grape harvesting was determined by assessing the sugar content and titratable acidity present in the grapes. Total phenolics, total flavonoids and total antioxidant activity of grape samples were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, aluminium chloride method, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, along with the total antioxidant capacity in the 'Vranac' grape, increased from the first to the second harvest date, but a decline was noted at the third harvest. 'Žilavka' grape exhibited an increase in total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as total antioxidant capacity from the first to the second harvest date, with no decrease recorded by the third harvest. As expected, the red grape variety 'Vranac' contained higher levels of phenolics and flavonoids than the light-skinned grape variety 'Žilavka'. Keywords: berries, grape harvesting, phenolic compounds, ripening Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 304-312 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/52/2025-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2025-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:52-2025-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ömer Sari Author-Workplace-Name: Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute, Samsun, Türkiye Title: Effects of application of biostimulants and growth regulators on root traits and analysis of root architecture with machine learning in Lilium Abstract: Apart from the roots, the bulb is the most important organ for plant development of the lily plant. In this experiment, the effects of mycorrhizal, vermicompost and promalin applications on the root architecture of Lilium oriental hybrid 'Adelante', a bulbous plant, were to be investigated. It was found that the effect of the treatments on root length (128.6 cm), root surface area (8 cm3), number of tips (111.5), number of forks (354.4) and number of crossings (86.2) was lower than that of the control. In terms of root volume, the applications of vermicompost (3 cm2) and promalin (3 cm3) were the most effective. The most effective application on root diameter (3.5 mm) was promalin. In conclusion, the effect on mycorrhizal root development was lower than the control but higher than other applications. In addition, machine learning (ML) algorithms, including linear regression (LR), sequential minimal optimisation for regression (SMOreg), Gaussian process (GP) and artificial neural network-based multilayer perceptron (ANN-based MLP), were used in the study. The input variables were evaluated for modelling and predicting root traits. The performance values of the ML algorithms were noted in the following order: LR > SMOreg > GP > MLP. These results have important implications for the prediction of root growth in lily crops. Keywords: Lilium, machine learning, mycorrhizal, promalin, root architecture, vermicompost Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 313-323 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/100/2024-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2024-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:100-2024-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiao Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, P.R. China Author-Name: E Liang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, P.R. China Author-Name: Deyan Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaohui Song Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun, P.R. China Title: Short- and long-term effects of elevated CO2 on the growth and nitrogen content of Panax japonicus Abstract: Panax japonicus (T. Nees) C.A. Mey is a rare plant that is used in Chinese herbal medicine. Two-year-old Panax japonicus seedlings were grown in open-top chambers under ambient CO2 (aCO2), moderately (e1CO2: 550 ± 15 μmol/mol) or substantially (e2CO2: 750 ± 15 μmol/mol) elevated CO2 to study their effects on plant growth and nitrogen (N) content. After 27 days, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of e2CO2-treated seedlings was significantly higher (20.09%) than that of seedlings grown under aCO2. However, by day 51, the Pn of e1CO2- and e2CO2-treated seedlings was 12.87% higher and 9.57% lower, respectively, than that of seedlings grown under aCO2. On day 27, chlorophyll a + b content, Rubisco activity, soluble protein and starch content of e1CO2- and e2CO2-treated seedlings showed no significant change and significant increase compared to aCO2-treated. By contrast, at 51 days, chlorophyll a content, Rubisco activity, starch and N content of P. japonicus was significantly increased by moderately eCO2 condition but was significantly decreased by substantially eCO2 condition. The results suggest that exposure to moderately eCO2 was beneficial for P. japonicus growth, whereas under substantially eCO2, growth were promoted in short-term but inhibited in long-term. Owing to the temporal effect of eCO2 on P. japonicus growth, there was no significant correlation between N content and Pn of P. japonicus under eCO2. Keywords: elevated CO2, nitrogen, Panax japonicus, photosynthesis, temporal effect Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 324-332 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/110/2024-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2024-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:110-2024-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thi Thuy Le Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology and Application, Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam Author-Name: Phuong Thao Nguyen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology and Application, Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam Author-Name: Thi Van Pham Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology and Application, Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam Author-Name: Thi Oanh Nguyen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology and Application, Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam Title: Effects of nutrient solutions on growth, yield and quality of yardlong bean plant (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.) grown in a hydroponic system Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three nutrient solutions (Hoagland, Knop, and Hydro Umat F) on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of hydroponically cultivated yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis L.). Results showed that Hydro Umat F extended the plant lifespan (105.4 days) and flowering time (58.65 days), increased the number of branches per plant, and enhanced leaf SPAD values. Plants grown in Hydro Umat F also exhibited the highest yield, as indicated by the number of flowers per plant (46.12), number of pods per plant (20.81), pod length (54.15 cm), pod weight (20.06 g), and total pod weight per plant (417.45 g). The Hoagland solution also promoted plant growth and yield, with a growth duration of 96.74 days, an average of 17.63 pods per plant, a pod length of 47.34 cm, a pod weight of 17.14 g, and a total yield of 302.17 g per plant. In contrast, the Knop solution, containing only six essential nutrients, shortened the plant's growth duration (76.37 days) and significantly reduced the growth and yield of the hydroponic yardlong bean. Regarding pod quality, the pods from plants grown in Hydro Umat F had higher vitamin C content (4.12 mg/g), total protein content (3.21 mg/100 g), and reducing sugar content (13.06 mg/g) compared to those grown in Hoagland and Knop solutions. The findings suggest that Hydro Umat F is a suitable nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation of yardlong bean, contributing to increased plant yield and fruit quality. These results suggest that Hydro Umat F is a promising nutrient solution for enhancing yield and pod quality in hydroponic yardlong bean cultivation, particularly in the context of the decline in available agricultural land and the rise of urban agriculture in Vietnam. Keywords: nutrient formulation, urban farming, vegetable physiology Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 333-341 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/1/2025-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2025-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:1-2025-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Esra Nur Gül Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Türkiye Author-Name: Emine Polat Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Türkiye Author-Name: Engin Özgöz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Türkiye Author-Name: Naif Geboloğlu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Türkiye Title: Degree of seedbed compaction and response of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under different traffic treatments Abstract: Soil compaction has negative impacts on plant productivity. Degradation of soil structure as a result of soil compaction can inhibit the development of plant roots and make it difficult for plants to take up water and nutrients. This can negatively affect plant growth and productivity. Compaction restricts plant root growth by increasing mechanical resistance, reducing oxygen uptake, and thus reducing crop yields as it inhibits plant development. In this study, the effects of soil compaction due to machinery traffic on the physical structure of soil, morphological characteristics and yield of spinach were investigated in Tokat, where vegetable farming is intensively practised. In the study, four different tractor traffic treatments [C - zero tractor traffic (control), T1 - 1 tractor traffic, T3 - 3 tractor traffic, T5 - 5 tractor traffic] were used. As traffic increased, the penetration resistance, bulk density, and porosity increased, and the lowest volume weight was obtained from the control treatment. Plant weight losses in T1, T3 and T5 treatments compared to the control treatment were 1.92%, 31.09% and 64.64%, respectively. The yield value, which was 62.0 t/ha in the C treatment, was determined to be 31.8 t/ha in the T5 treatment, representing a 48.70% decrease. The proper use of modern agricultural machinery plays an important role in preventing soil compaction and increasing plant productivity. Keywords: penetration resistance, spinach marketable yield, spinach root diameter, tractor traffic Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 342-352 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/143/2024-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/143/2024-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:143-2024-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Calogera Sciampagna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Name: Alessia Mannucci Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Name: Salvatore Limpido Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Name: Annamaria Ranieri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Workplace-Name: Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Name: Antonella Castagna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Workplace-Name: Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Author-Name: Marco Santin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Title: Knowing your enemy before taking the field: A screening of salt and UV-B treatments to boost the biochemical defences of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., 'Moneymaker' cultivar) plantlets in controlled conditions Abstract: Plants are commonly exposed to different abiotic stress factors that can threaten their growth and development. Abiotic treatments might be used as a tool to increase the tolerance of plants grown in controlled environments before being transplanted in open fields, but this technique needs a careful choice of the stressor dose. We screened several UV-B radiation doses (1 h, 3 h, 6 h and 8 h per day) and NaCl doses (75 mM, 150 mM, 300 mM), separately, to be employed as preconditioning treatments of tomato plantlets (Solanum lycopersicum L., 'Moneymaker' cultivar) cultivated in a controlled environment. Biometric parameters and antioxidant compounds were quantified in leaves and roots. Our results showed that the application of mild abiotic treatments such as 75 mM NaCl for 14 days or 8 h/day UV-B (18.43 kJ/m2) for 7 days to hydroponically grown tomato plantlets can increase the content of foliar total phenolics and flavonoids without inducing strong impairments in the plant growth and development. Interestingly, this work provides evidence that the UV-B radiation, although perceived only by the above-ground organs of the plants, also induces some morphological and biochemical changes in the root system. Keywords: biometric parameters, leaves and roots, phenols, preconditioning, salt stress, ultraviolet radiation Journal: Horticultural Science Pages: 353-362 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/109/2023-HORTSCI File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2023-HORTSCI.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/hor-202504-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:109-2023-HORTSCI Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Editorial Office Title: Index Volume 52 Journal: Horticultural Science Number: 0 Volume: 52 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 File-URL: http://hortsci.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/hor-202504-0009_index-volume-52.php File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlhor:v:52:y:2025:i:4:id:hor-202504-0009