Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Jaworski Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Department of Silviculture, Cracow, Poland Author-Name: Zb. Kołodziej Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Department of Silviculture, Cracow, Poland Author-Name: K. Porada Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Department of Silviculture, Cracow, Poland Title: Structure and dynamics of stands of primeval character in selected areas of the Bieszczady National Park Abstract: The investigations carried out in 1988 and 1998 on three permanent sample plots in stands of the East Carpathian beech forest (Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum) showed that in the growing up stage, the storeyed structure phase (Jawornik I stand), the stand volume increased from 547 m3/ha to 578 m3/ha while in the optimum stage, the ageing and regeneration phases (Jawornik II), it decreased from 631 m3/ha to 600 m3/ha, and in the growing up stage, the storeyed structure phase (Tworylczyk), from 611 m3/ha to 610 m3/ha. In all three stands beech dominated in the upgrowth. During the 10-year period the volume of dead trees (standing and lying ones) increased in Jawornik II and Tworylczyk stands while in Jawornik I stand it decreased. The beech stands of the Bieszczady Mountains have a largely differentiated structure, from one-storey structure in the optimum stage, the ageing phase to many-storeyed structure in the growing up stage. This creates an opportunity for forming the complex stand structure, also the selection forest structure, in managed beech forests of the Carpathians. Keywords: East Carpathians, Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, developmental stages and phases Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 185-201 Volume: 48 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11874-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11874-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200205-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:5:id:11874-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kobliha Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Faculty of Forestry, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) breeding program aimed at the use of this tree in the Czech forestry Abstract: The paper widely introduces European experience in wild cherry breeding because it is the first one from a prepared series of articles aimed at wild cherry breeding in the Czech Republic. Beginnings of wild cherry breeding program for the Czech forestry are described. Plus trees were certified, seed orchards, clone archives, progeny and clonal tests were established. Clones were tested for fl owering of grafts in reproductive plantations. Progenies and clones were tested for growth parameters in progeny and clonal tests. Progenies and clones in every breeding plantation were tested for damage by aphids. Keywords: seed orchard, clone archives, half-sib progeny test, clonal test, flowering, growth, damage by aphids, Prunus avium L Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 202-218 Volume: 48 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11876-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11876-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200205-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:5:id:11876-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Holuša Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Office Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Holuša Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Office Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic Title: Monitoring of sawfl y ( Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae ) infestation on spruce Abstract: A new method for evaluating damage caused by tenthredinids to Norway spruce stands is based on defoliation of the top whorls. A scale with four classes of defoliation was established that is easy to use. Defoliation can be displayed graphically on a grid map (Central European system), in which the map fi elds are delimited by parallels of latitude (6 by 6 minutes) and meridians (10 by 10 minutes) with an approximate size of 11.2 × 12.0 km. The degree of defoliation for an entire forest can be marked by circles of different size in the map field. The range and intensity of an infestation, and the change in defoliation from year to year are easily seen. Keywords: spruce tenthredinids, evaluation of infestation, grid mapping system, Czech Republic Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 219-224 Volume: 48 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11877-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11877-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200205-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:5:id:11877-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Cicák Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Mihál Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Relationship of necrotic disease of beech trunks to the sociological position of trees in the stand Abstract: The authors analyse the results of investigations into the degree of necrotic damage of beech bark carried out in the whole territory of the Slovak Republic. The aim of these analyses is to answer a question about the relationship between the degree of necrotic damage of beech trunks and sociological position of trees in the stands studied. In the years 1995-2001, the degree of necrotic damage by tracheomycotic type to 6,579 beech trunks was evaluated in 54 selected localities in 33 orographic units. The lowest frequency (4.3%) of trees showing the 3rd and 4th degree of necrotic damage was found in the 1st tree age class. The frequency of damaged trees increased proportionally with the worsening sociological position of trees. The values of the index of trunk necrotisation (INK) increased from 0.71 in the 1st tree age class to 2.14 in the 5th tree age class. It also corresponded with dynamics of disease frequency in the tree age classes. The authors found that the extent of necrotic disease of beech trunks expressed by INK was signifi cantly infl uenced by the sociological position of individual trees in the stand. They conclude that strongly infected trees of the 4th and 5th tree age class left in the stands is problematic from the phytopathological point of view. Such trees left in the stands may cause a serious epiphytotic because these trees are one of the infection sources ot the necrotic disease. Keywords: Fagus sylvatica L., necrotic disease, sociological position of trees Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 225-229 Volume: 48 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11879-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11879-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200205-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:5:id:11879-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Simon Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Risks of the wood-producing function of forests in areas with the special statute of protection Abstract: Fulfilling the wood-producing function of forests can be understood as a removal of wood mass by logging operations from the forest environment usually for the purpose of its commercial use. The activity can be implemented in all stages of forest development. Positive economic effects are usually expected. Management in specially protected areas requires to concentrate on the preferential fulfi lment of protection objectives in affecting the forest ecosystem. In this context, the use of the wood-producing function of forests is often comprehended as controversial. But it has been proved that the maintenance of the forest condition corresponding to the ideas of fulfi lment of protection objectives requires differentiated management, application of silvicultural as well as logging measures, viz. even in 'measure-free' zones. Many strategies of management for specially protected regions have been formulated, however, evaluation or quantifi cation of risks of the activity from the aspect of danger and fulfi lling the objective of protection is missing. The paper deals with this problem, plans the methodology of evaluation and quantifi cation of risks of using the wood-producing function of forests in specially protected areas with a special statute of protection - areas falling under the NATURA 2000 directive. The quantifi cation of risks and specifi cation of the limiting values for evaluation of various technologies were studied by an expert method in 2000-2001 in eleven small-scale and large-scale protected areas in the Czech Republic. Keywords: specially protected areas, wood-producing function, risk of use Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 230-236 Volume: 48 Issue: 5 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11880-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11880-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200205-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:5:id:11880-JFS