Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Durzand Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Horticulture, One Shields Ave., University of California, Davis, CA, USA Title: Stress-induced nitric oxide and adaptive plasticity in conifers Abstract: The excitable properties of conifer protoplasm consist of nitric oxide (NO) bursts that prime and prepare chemical messengers for the transmission of stressful environmental signals. NO in somatic and reproductive cells is produced in response to mechanical forces, gravity, wounding, changes in nutrition, hypoxia, drought, salinity, temperature shock, pollutants, and pathogen attack. NO arises primarily from nitrite via nitrite:nitric oxide reductase and nitrate reductase. It also arises from arginine N and oxygen via putative nitric oxide synthase activity. NO rapidly reacts with, oxygen species, hemes, thiols, and proteins to produce biochemical signals that directly and indirectly regulate enzymatic activity. The effects of NO depend on its location and concentration. Beneficial reactions counteract oxidative and nitrosative stresses, while damaging reactions, due to high levels of NO, cause oxidative and nitrosative damage, and cell death. NO contributes to structural and functional adaptive plasticity, and to the habituation of trees to their sites. The use of NO donors and traps, and enzyme inhibitors offers a new experimental approach and countermeasures to control stress signals throughout conifer life histories. Keywords: nitric oxide, adaptive plasticity, conifers, programmed cell death, embryogenesis, tree decline, nitrogen assimilation, oxidative and nitrosative stress Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 281-291 Volume: 48 Issue: 7 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11888-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11888-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200207-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:7:id:11888-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Lochman Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Bíba Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Fadrhonsová Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Title: Air pollution load of forest stands in Vojířov and the impact on soil and run-off water chemistry Abstract: Research plots in Vojířov were established in a spruce stand and in a mixed stand. They are situated south of Jindřichův Hradec, near the border with Austria, on the ridge sloping to the Třeboň basin, exposed to western winds. The soils (Haplic Podzols) have developed on deep overlaps of eolian sands, between boulders of mica granite. Since summer 1991, the chemistry of precipitation water and run-off water from the O-humus horizon has been studied. Bulk deposition has been measured in the open area by the hunter's cottage Dubovice, where the chemistry of water in a local spring has also been studied. During the investigation the deposition of air pollutants in throughfall water was higher in the spruce stand than under beech trees in the mixed stand. In 1996, an increased deposition of pollutants was observed due to long-term winter period and high precipitation. This load of the ecosystem influenced soil water chemistry, mainly the chemistry of water in the spring, expressed by decreased pH, increase in SO4-2, F-, Al, Mn, only slowly disappearing in the subsequent years. At the end of the nineties the emissions of H+ , S/ SO4-2, F-, N(NO3-+ NH4+) decreased more significantly under the spruce stand than under beech. On the contrary, pH of precipitation water decreased in the open area. Soil analyses, carried out in 1991 and 1999, confirmed certain improvement of bio-genous supply in the humus horizons and decrease in sorbed basic cations in the surface horizons of mineral soil, and increase in the supply in deeper horizons, but it still remains at a low level. Keywords: spruce stand, mixed stand, beech, deposition, soil water chemistry, spring water chemistry, soil chemistry, precipitation, throughfall Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 292-309 Volume: 48 Issue: 7 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11889-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11889-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200207-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:7:id:11889-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Modrý Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Simanov Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Terrain properties of selected forest sites in the Jizerské hory Mts., Czech Republic Abstract: Differentiation of forest technologies according to ecosystem properties is a necessary step to achieve sustainable forestry. A forest typological system is considered to be the basic unit of ecosystem differentiation in the Czech Republic. Terrain characteristics, potential water erosion and applicable harvest technology were examined for 44 forest sites in a landscape segment of the Jizerské hory Mts. Forest site was found homogeneous in terms of terrain and technological properties. Edaphic category and groups of forest types as higher classification units and management sets as units of alternative classification showed lower homogeneity insufficient for operational planning. Keywords: forest typology, terrain classification, harvest technology, erosion Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 310-319 Volume: 48 Issue: 7 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11890-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11890-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200207-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:7:id:11890-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pivec Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Title: A short-term response of floodplain and spruce forests to evaporation requirements in Moravia in different years Abstract: Energy exchange above the floodplain forest and spruce monoculture ecosystems was measured in Moravia in 1988 and 1989. The results showed that the floodplain forest ecosystem with better access to groundwater than the spruce monoculture evaporated more rapidly. A higher flux of energy was recorded daily in latent heat (65% of net radiation) above the floodplain forest canopy, in contrast with the spruce plantation where it reached 17% only. The estimation of the floodplain forest actual evapotranspiration during the first half of June reached its maximum 0.17 g/m2/s, i.e. 0.6 mm/h. During the same period the actual evapotranspiration of spruce monoculture reached a maximum about 0.28 mm/h, nearly a half of that of the floodplain forest. Keywords: albedo, latent (sensible) heat flux, net radiation, actual evapotranspiration Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 320-327 Volume: 48 Issue: 7 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11891-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11891-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200207-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:7:id:11891-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wybe Kuitert Author-Workplace-Name: Timber Press, Portland, OR, 1999, 395 pp., hardcover, ISBN 0-88192-468-7 Author-Name: Arie Peterse Author-Workplace-Name: Timber Press, Portland, OR, 1999, 395 pp., hardcover, ISBN 0-88192-468-7 Author-Name: Arie Peterse Author-Workplace-Name: Timber Press, Portland, OR, 1999, 395 pp., hardcover, ISBN 0-88192-468-7 Title: Jananese flowering cherries Abstract: The Japanese sato-zakura, literally "village cherries", represent perhaps the most popular subject of dendrology and ornamental horticulture. The authors rose to the occasion to write an extraordinary account of Japanese cherries and shed more light on a still confused group of these aristocratic flowering trees. Kuitert teaches at the Kyoto University of Art and Design while Peterse is a dedicated plant breeder and researcher of the Japanese flowering cherries. Rarely do professors have the time, or take the time, needed to solely write such a thoroughly prepared text. Both Dutchmen paid attention to detail, and the result is a well-written, high-quality product. Keywords: sato-zakura Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 328 Volume: 48 Issue: 7 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/11892-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11892-JFS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:48:y:2002:i:7:id:11892-JFS