Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Kremer Author-Workplace-Name: Botanical Garden of Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: J. Čavlović Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: I. Anić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Title: The characteristics of diameter growth and increment of introduced North American ash species at the sites of common alder Abstract: Research was conducted into diameter growth and increment of introduced American ash species at the sites of common alder (Alnus glutinosa[L.] Gaertn.) in three mixed stands of introduced ash and common alder in the lowland part of Croatia. About 10 samples of increment cores of each species were taken from trees in the diameter class of the mean basal area. In the process, an attempt was made to reach the centre of the trees with the purpose of getting an insight into the development of the trees over a long period, i.e. from the moment when the trees reached breast height. The increment cores were analysed by measuring the width of each individual ring to the tenth of the millimetre. Bark thickness was also measured. The results obtained from the analysis of the increment cores yielded trends of ring widths for individual trees as well as trends of the average ring widths for each species within a locality. On the basis of the increment core analysis, parts of the diameter growth curve of the mean stand tree were obtained. The increment curve of mean stand diameter was obtained by deriving the growth curve of mean stand diameter. Introduced ash was found to have average ring widths from 0.92 to 4.21 mm. The measured minimal and maximal values of ring widths in total were 0.2 and 6.5 mm, respectively. Consequently, introduced ash may have significantly large ring widths in conditions of prolonged flooding as well. Therefore, its pioneering role is not irrelevant at poor sites naturally inhabited by common alder. The average ring width of introduced ash is the highest up to the age of 30 years, after which it retains the value of 2 mm or less. In common alder, the average ring width in the studied stand ranged from 1.40 to 4.59 mm. The measured minimal and maximal values of ring widths in total were 0.4 and 7.0 mm, respectively. A comparison of average ring widths of introduced ash and common alder revealed that in Draganić locality common alder had a statistically significantly larger average ring width than introduced ash. In the localities Karlovac and Đurđevac the difference was not statistically significant. Keywords: introduced American ash species, Alnus glutinosa(L.) Gaertn., growth of mean stand diameter, radial increment Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 237-243 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4559-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4559-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200506-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:51:y:2005:i:6:id:4559-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Křepela Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Zahradník Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Sequens Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Possible methods of Norway spruce (Picea abies[L.] Karst.) stem shape description Abstract: The paper shows a possibility of using Bookstein coordinates for stem shape studies. Bookstein coordinates are simplified to stem shape diameters, for which tests of multidimensional normality, variance-covariance matrix homogeneity, equality of mean shape vectors and principal component calculation are carried out in sample plots Doubravčice 1 and Štíhlice. Principal components are also calculated for Procrustes tangent coordinates, presented in graphs, and the plots are compared. Doubravčice 1 and Štíhlice plots differ especially in age (70 and 30 years) while they do not differ in tree class representation. Keywords: Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), stem shape, Bookstein coordinates, stem shape diameters, Procrustes tangent coordinates, principal components analysis Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 244-255 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4560-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4560-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200506-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:51:y:2005:i:6:id:4560-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Haltofová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Jankovský Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Palovčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: New finds of Cryphonectria parasitica and the first record of chestnut blight on red oak Quercus rubra L. in the Czech Republic Abstract: The causal agent of the chestnut blight, the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) M. E. Barr (syn. Endothia parasitica (Murrill) P. J. Anderson et H. W. Anderson), was found out at new localities in the Czech Republic. The chestnut blight was observed for the first time in the Czech Republic in 2002. Two new localities were discovered in southern Moravia in May and June 2004. The disease was identified both on the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and on the red oak (Quercus rubraL.). Infected trees were treated according to the order of the State Phytosanitary Administration of the Czech Republic. Keywords: chestnut blight, Cryphonectria parasitica, sweet chestnut, Castanea sativa, red oak, Quercus rubra, quarantine pest Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 256-258 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4561-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4561-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200506-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:51:y:2005:i:6:id:4561-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Pešková Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Title: Dynamics of oak mycorrhizas Abstract: A decline of macromycetes, especially of ectomycorrhizal species, has been described in the last decade in various parts of Europe. These changes are attributed to direct or indirect effects of air pollution. In Central Europe these changes correlate with visual damage of forest. Many ectomycorrhizal fungi seem to be very suitable bioindicators of the disturbance of forest ectotrophic stability. Stages of this disturbance can be linked directly to particular phases of impoverishment of ectomycorrhizal mycocoenoses. These conclusions have been obtained from long-term research on permanent plots (1,000-2,500 m2) in spruce and oak forests in the Czech Republic, but it seems that they are valid generally. For the quantification and study of mycorrhizal activity a special method has been developed and applied. The analyses of mycorrhizas from the same plots in the period 2000-2002 indicate large mycorrhizal dynamics. These data correlate with data obtained from a fruiting bodies survey. Both the percentage of ectomycorrhizal species and the ratio of active mycorrhizas are highly sensitive to outer impacts (air pollution, acidification, fertilization). Their decrease is in correlation with the strong defoliation of trees and can be used for the prediction of further development in comparable stands. Keywords: ectomycorrhizas, ectomycorrhizal fungi, Quercus- oak, root, forest stability Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 259-267 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4562-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4562-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200506-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:51:y:2005:i:6:id:4562-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Gebauer Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Martinková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effects of pressure on the root systems of Norway spruce plants (Picea abies[L.] Karst.) Abstract: Roots are stressed quire often under natural conditions, e.g. when considering sloping terrain, layers of fluvial deposits, huge layers of melting snow, load of heavy forest machinery during logging and hauling operations, recreational activities of people, high density of deer or cattle, etc. We focused our experiments on Norway spruce (Picea abies[L.] Karst.) seedlings grown in containers with glass walls under the permanent load of 5.1 kPa during the whole growing season. The applied pressure affected roots both directly and indirectly due to the occurrence of hypoxia. Root growth ceased under such conditions. Growth dynamics and capability to occupy available soil also changed. For example, the total root area of experimental plants decreased to 52% but the root area index (RAI) was higher by 33% when compared to the control. It indicates that the pressure applied to the soil surface caused the development of only smaller root systems but more compacted into smaller volumes of soil. Mean longitudinal growth of stressed roots decreased by about 50% when compared to the control. Growth of experimental roots was also delayed, which is a typical general response to stress. However, a tendency to create dense and small root systems is in contradiction with the typical strategy of tree root systems. Keywords: root growth, stress, pressure, RAI, Picea abies(L.) Karst Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 268-275 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4563-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4563-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200506-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:51:y:2005:i:6:id:4563-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Janík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Dynamics of soil temperature and its influence on biomass production of herb layer in a submontane beech forest Abstract: The paper summarizes the results of long-term measurements of soil temperature. The measurements were performed at two depths: 5 cm and 20 cm, on a series of five experimental plots with different stocking. The temperature of soil in the submontane beech forest at the Ecological Experimental Site (EES) Kremnické vrchy Mts. reached maximum values in August, minimum ones in February. The obtained data were processed using t-test and regression analysis - to evaluate the influence of soil temperature at the discussed soil depths on the biomass production in plants. An important influence of this factor was confirmed at both depths. Keywords: soil temperature, biomass production, herb layer, beech forest Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 276-282 Volume: 51 Issue: 6 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4564-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4564-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200506-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:51:y:2005:i:6:id:4564-JFS