Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Malá Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Máchová Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Cvrčková Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Čížková Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Title: Aspen micropropagation: use for phytoremediation of soils Abstract: Toxic pollution of soils is a major environmental problem in the Czech Republic. Most contemporary remediation approaches do not provide acceptable solutions. For environmental clean-up, the use of specially selected and engineered plants capable of effective restoration and stabilization of contaminated sites is an emerging technology called phytoremediation. Aspen (Populus spp.) trees represent optimal plants for absorption, accumulation, storage, and degradation of environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticide residues, and other waste products. The first aim of this study was to verify possibilities of micropropagating selected elite European aspen (Populus tremula) and hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides) mature trees growing in polluted areas. The primary cultures were established from 24 years old trees from provenance plots. Dormant buds were sampled from selected trees in spring. After sterilization of dormant buds, the shoot tips were extirpated and put on nutrient media. MS medium with a higher concentration of BAP (1.0 mg/l) and IBA (0.1 mg/l) showed to be suitable for induction of organogenesis. MS medium with lower concentration of BAP (0.2 mg/l) and higher concentration of glutamine (100 mg/l) in agar medium was used for multiplication. A high number of adventitious shoots (20-30) was produced per multi-apex culture. The losses during rooting and acclimatization were minimal, around 2%. Currently, the plantlets grow on the outside bed of the experimental nursery. Twenty-five clones were established in the gene bank. Secondly, standardization of the efficient transformation of hybrid aspen was investigated with the aim to facilitate production of transformed hybrid aspen with valuable genes for increased capability of phytoremediation in the near future. Four gene constructs of Agrobacterium tumefaciens comprising different promoters (bearing two genes, NPTII coding resistance to kanamycin, and GUS coding glucuronidase synthesis allowing histochemical and fluorometrical identification) were used for transformations of aspen hybrid stem segments. A promoter suitable for transformations was selected on the basis of GUS activity assay. The highest activity was estimated in transformants with construct 148 controlled by promoter CAMV 35S. Keywords: aspen, micropropagation, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, phytoremediation Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 101-107 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/4491-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4491-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200603-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:52:y:2006:i:3:id:4491-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Tužinský Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry Faculty, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Regime and dynamics of soil moisture in forest ecosystems of Záhorská lowland Abstract: The paper describes the regime and dynamics of the soil moisture content of sandy soils in Záhorská lowland during different growing seasons. Research plots are situated near Kamenný mlyn, approximately 3 km from Plavecký Štvrtok and 8 km southward from the town of Malacky. Changes in the soil moisture content are described by soil moisture constants (MCC, PDA, WP) and its relation to atmospheric precipitation and to the character of undergrowth is shown. The low water-holding capacity of sandy soils and their high drainage together with dense root system do not allow the sufficient saturation of soil during the growing season. The low wilting point value (2%) leads to the consumption of all available water in the soil. The most frequent is the semiarid interval of soil moisture (PDA -WP) with reduced availability of water to plants (> pF 3.1). The arid interval (< WP) occurrence on hot summer days results in a decrease in transpiration and assimilation intensity of plants, their physiological weakening and premature fall of assimilation organs. Keywords: soil moisture, soil moisture constants, available water, evapotranspiration Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 108-117 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/4492-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4492-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200603-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:52:y:2006:i:3:id:4492-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Hrázský Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Král Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effects of the thickness of rotary-cut veneers on properties of plywood sheets. Part 2. Physical and mechanical properties of plywood materials Abstract: The second part of the paper summarizes results of an institutional research aimed at the determination of physical and mechanical properties of different sets of plywood sheets pressed under different conditions. The first part dealt with the determination of compressibility or values of decreasing the thickness of pressed plywood sheets. In this second part, results are summarized of the analysis of physical and mechanical properties of the set of whole-beech plywood sheets of the nominal thickness of veneers amounting to 1.5 mm. The plywood sheets were manufactured as seven-ply and urea-formaldehyde resin DUKOL S was used for their production. The sheets were pressed using a pressure of 1.5 and 1.7 MPa. Following parameters were analyzed: moisture, density, bending strength, MOE in bending and shear strength. Keywords: plywood, MOE in bending, bending strength, shear strength, moisture, veneer, statistical analysis Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 118-129 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/4493-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4493-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200603-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:52:y:2006:i:3:id:4493-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Borkowski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biology, Świętokrzyski University, Kielce, Poland Title: Spatial distribution of losses in growth of trees caused by the feeding of pine shoot beetles Tomicus piniperda and T. minor (Col., Scolytidae) in Scots pine stands growing within range of the influence of a timber yard in southern Poland Abstract: This study deals with the assessment of increment losses in Scots pine trees caused by the maturation feeding of pine shoot beetles Tomicus piniperda (L.) and T. minor (Hart.) (Col., Scolytidae) in even-aged stands growing during their entire life span within range of the influence of a sawmill and its timber yard. In spring 2004, on three sample plots, 0.2 ha in size, situated 60, 200, and 500 m from the yard, height and dbh of all trees were measured and increment cores were taken from randomly selected sample trees. An agreement between the spatial distribution of losses in tree increments and the distribution of damage to crowns of investigated stands indicated that the losses resulted from the maturation feeding of pine shoot beetles migrating from the sawmill timber yard. Divergence of growth in the about 25-years-old stand indicated the beginning of intensive feeding of beetles in pine shoots with a high level of probability. In comparison with the control stand the basal area losses in stands growing 60 and 200 m from the beetle source amounted to 57% and 46%, respectively. The difference in the height of trees was as large as almost 100%. Keywords: Pinus sylvestris (L.), Tomicus piniperda (L.), Tomicus minor (Hart.), shoot damage, growth Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 130-135 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/4494-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4494-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200603-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:52:y:2006:i:3:id:4494-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Samek Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Novotný Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Praha-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Jankovský Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Infection of wintering pupae of horse-chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella Deschka et Dimić. by Verticillium lecanii(Zimmerman)Viégas Abstract: The population dynamics of the horse-chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella Deschka et Dimić. was investigated in 1997-2000. The mortality of wintering pupae and the rate of fungal infections were also examined. The mortality of the horse-chestnut leafminer was nearly 40% at the end of spring. The spectrum of fungi on examined dead pupae was as follows: Verticillium lecanii (Zimmerman) Viégas, Cladosporium herbarum (Persoon: Fries) Link, Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) de Vries, Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Acremonium strictum W. Gams, Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenberg: Fries) Lind., Arthrinium phaeospermum (Corda) Ellis and Acremonium sp. 1. Verticillium lecanii was the only identified fungus with an entomophagous status. The fungus is, however, a well documented entomopathogen of Homoptera, particularly of aphids, scale insects and whiteflies in tropical and subtropical regions. Keywords: Cameraria ohridella, horse-chestnut leafminer, horse-chestnut, entomophagous fungi, Verticillium lecanii, mortality, population dynamics Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 136-140 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/4495-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4495-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200603-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:52:y:2006:i:3:id:4495-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Rybníček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Vavrčík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Hubený Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Determination of the number of sapwood annual rings in oak in the region of southern Moravia Abstract: The paper deals with the determination of the number of sapwood annual rings in oak (Quercus sp.) in relation to altitude, locality and stand age. Several different groups of samples were used from two localities of southern Moravia. The results of the study demonstrate the effects of site water regime and age on the growth of sapwood annual rings. On the other hand, the effect of altitude was not proved. The information can be of crucial importance for the dendrochronological dating of an incomplete sample for particular regions where sapwood is partly or totally missing. Keywords: sapwood, oak, annual ring analysis, Czech Republic Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 141-146 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/4496-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4496-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200603-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:52:y:2006:i:3:id:4496-JFS