Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: INDEX OF VOLUME 53 Journal of Forest Science Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: I-V Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2169-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2169-JFS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2169-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Š. Šmelko Author-Workplace-Name: Ecological and Forestry Research Agency - EFRA, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Fabrika Author-Workplace-Name: Ecological and Forestry Research Agency - EFRA, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Evaluation of qualitative attributes of forest ecosystems by means of numerical quantifiers Abstract: This paper presents a proposal of four variants of quantifiers for the numerical expression of qualitative attributes of forest ecosystems, for example site, naturalness, biodiversity, ecological stability, threat of injurious agents, status of forest biotopes of European significance in the NATURA 2000 network and so on. Quantifiers enable to completely characterise the whole set of these qualitative attributes of the ecosystem by one number which directly indicates the relative approximation of the ecosystem (in %) to the required most favourable status. They have more advantages: different numerical operations can be done with them, it is possible to aggregate evaluated units of the ecosystem to larger entities, to determine average value, variability and confidence limits of the final evaluation and to compare resulting statuses mutually or very objectively on the principle of biometric monitoring in a longer time. The construction of quantifiers is opened and it arbitrarily enables to choose input parameters at need (numerical quantifications of ecosystem quality statuses and weights of their criteria and indicators) and to search for optimal solutions. The reaction of quantifiers to different input situations is analysed on model examples and suggestions for their introduction into practice are presented. Special PC software was elaborated for the automated calculation of quantifiers. Keywords: forest ecosystems, forest biotopes, quantification of qualitative attributes Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 529-537 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2163-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2163-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200712-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2163-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Socha Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Mensuration, Faculty of Forestry, Agricultural University of Cracow, Poland Author-Name: M. Kulej Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry, Agricultural University of Cracow, Poland Title: Variation of the tree form factor and taper in European larch of Polish provenances tested under conditions of the Beskid Sądecki mountain range (southern Poland) Abstract: The genetic variation in 20 provenances of European larch, growing under site conditions of the Beskid Sądecki mountain range (experimental area in Krynica), was investigated during a long-term study carried out within the 1967 Polish Provenance Experiment on Larch. Data consisted of diameter measurements taken outside bark on standing trees of the analyzed provenances. Results showed that there was no distinct variation in the tested larch populations in respect of stem form. Some differences between compared provenances in respect of stem taper and form factor were the result of differences in tree height and diameter. Keywords: genotype, planting experiment, stem profile Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 538-547 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2168-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2168-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200712-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2168-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Pokorný Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Plants Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Tomášková Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Plants Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Allometric relationships for surface area and dry mass of young Norway spruce aboveground organs Abstract: Tree-level allometric functions for a precise predicting of stem, branch and leaf mass and surface area of three needle-shoot age classes were estimated from measurements of crown and stem dimensions in 34 harvested Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) trees. Trees were grown within a 16-years-old stand in the Beskids Mountains. The results showed stem parameters (stem diameter at breast height - dbh, stem volume - Vs and stem sapwood area - SA) to be highly correlated (r > 0.98) with stem mass/area and total aboveground mass of tree. Crown parameters - volume (Cv) and surface area (Ca) were the best predictors for individual branch and needle age-classes mass (r > 0.92) or area (r > 0.85), specifically for mass and surface areas of young branches and needles. dbh most correctly predicted the branch and leaf mass/surface area of older (> 2 years) shoots. The measured parameters: dbh, SA, tree height, crown length, Ca and Cv showed a high dependence on the tree position within the stand (r > -0.81). Thus, these parameters could be modified by silviculture. Keywords: allometry, biomass, Picea abies, sapwood, surface area Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 548-554 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2166-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2166-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200712-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2166-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Kupka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Growth reaction of young wild cherry (Prunus aviumL.) trees to pruning Abstract: A large crown is one of the most important prerequisites for the good growth of a tree and therefore the crown could be called an engine of increment. The care for a large crown brings a decrease in the bole value at the same time as it makes large branches and later knots on it. Pruning is a possible solution of these two contradictions. Young wild cherry trees were pruned in three different ways: (i) half of the crown left, (ii) one quarter of the crown left and (iii) control, i.e. no pruning. The results show that height growth was not influenced by pruning while diameter growth was significantly affected. The crown reduction to a half means 10% less in diameter growth within a 5-year period after pruning. The crown reduction to one quarter of the crown means only two thirds of 'full' diameter growth on the control plot. The data suggest that the pruning of young wild cherry trees should be done moderately (more than a half of the crown should be left) and pruning should be done when the bottom part of the crown is in the shadow zone of the crown layer, not earlier. Keywords: young wild cherry tree, pruning, production, height, diameter, basal area, high quality tree Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 555-560 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2165-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2165-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200712-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2165-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Čermák Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Fér Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Root systems of forest tree species and their soil-conservation functions on the Krušné hory Mts. slopes disturbed by mining Abstract: The paper describes the root system architecture of the forest tree species Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus robur L., Pinus sylvestris L., Carpinus betulus L., Acer platanoides L., and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. at the age of 80-220 years growing on the slopes of the Krušné hory Mts. at the altitude of 330 to 480 m above sea level. These species were influenced by open-pit mining of brown coal as well as by power engineeting. The investigation also involves the determination of soil properties of Ranker Cambisols. Keywords: root system, architecture, soil properties, Ranker Cambisols, mining, landslides Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 561-566 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2167-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2167-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200712-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2167-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Čermák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Strejček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Stem decay by Stereum sanguinolentum after red deer damage n the Českomoravská vrchovina Highlands Abstract: Damage caused by bark peeling and browsing by red deer to Picea abies was investigated in two localities in the Českomoravská vrchovina Highlands. 127 experimental plots of 50 × 50 m in size were monitored in stands aged from 15 to 93 years. In total, 44% of 16,700 inspected trees were damaged by bark peeling and browsing. The area of gaping wounds varied from 50 to 1,650 cm2. Stem decay affected 68% of the damaged trees. Some properties of the decay were analysed from 200 sample trees felled on the plots. Bark peeling damage occurred when the trees were 4 to 48 years old. Decayed wood accounted for 22-70% (mean 42%) of the merchantable stem volume of sample trees. The mean rate of the vertical decay spread was 17.4 cm per year (ranging from 4-63 cm per year). Mean decay volume correlated positively and mean spreading rate correlated negatively with the time elapsed from the bark peeling damage occurrence. Keywords: Picea abies, wound rot, stem decay, red deer, bark peeling damage, browsing damage, Stereum sanguinolentum Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 567-572 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2164-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2164-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200712-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2164-JFS