Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Matula
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Comparison of general tree characteristics of less known oak species Quercus dalechampii Ten. and Quercus polycarpa Schur
Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate basic tree characteristics of Quercus dalechampii Ten. and Quercus polycarpa Schur and to find out differences between them. Total height, height of crown base and diameter at breast height were measured before tree felling. Cut stems were visually checked for heart rot on their basal parts. Diameters were measured on each stem in 1 meter long sections from the base to the point of life crown setting. Average values for both species were compared by t-test. The total height was proved to be statistically different; the height of crown base and diameter at breast height were quite similar for both species. Q. dalechampii Ten. was proved to be of larger stem diameter from the tree foot to the 3rd height meter; the diameter of Q. polycarpa Schur was superior from that height upwards. However, the most significant interspecies difference was found in a number of stems affected by wood-rot fungi as Q. polycarpa Schur turned out to be less resistant than Q. dalechampii Ten.
Keywords: Quercus polycarpa Schur, Quercus dalechampii Ten., dry rot, stem characteristics
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 333-339
Volume: 54
Issue: 8
Year: 2008
DOI: 10.17221/3096-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3096-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:54:y:2008:i:8:id:3096-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Unar
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Šamonil
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: The evolution of natural floodplain forests in South Moravia between 1973 and 2005
Abstract: Since the mid-1970's, the landscape around the confluence of the Morava and Dyje rivers has undergone substantial changes related to the drop of water table caused by water management measures undertaken on both ri-vers. Periodical spring floods are among the phenomena lost due to ameliorations. In this study, the reaction of forest ecosystems to the decrease in soil moisture is assessed on the basis of changes in species composition of the herb layer as well as of the known requirements of individual recorded taxa and the entire herb synusiae for the water content of soils. The results confirm that the species with the greatest demand for water disappear over time. The tendency of decreasing Ellenberg indicator values of the herb layers within the phytocoenological relevés is obvious also with the consideration of the influence of different numbers of species recorded on the same plots in different years of the survey. The changes are most visible in the dampest habitats, while elevated sites, so-called "hrudy", tend to be most stable. The intensity of vegetation changes increases in direct proportion to the altitude of the sites. The process of changes in some habitats caused by the alteration of the water regime has to be separated from the changes in the vegetation structure, which are easier to observe optically. The limiting factor of their development in the given conditions is the forest wildlife. After the elimination of wildlife's influence, the woody species synusia differentiates in height. A qualitative shift is represented by the recession of the formerly dominant Quercus robur on the main level, and its gradual replacement by other species. The impact of changes going on in the woody synusia on selected characteristics of the herb layer are included in the analyses.
Keywords: floodplain forest, phytocoenosis, woody synusia, herb synusia
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 340-354
Volume: 54
Issue: 8
Year: 2008
DOI: 10.17221/13/2008-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/13/2008-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:54:y:2008:i:8:id:13-2008-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: I. Machar
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Palacký University in Olomouc, Czech Republic
Title: Floodplain forests of Litovelské Pomoraví and their management
Abstract: The paper characterizes the natural conditions and current state of floodplain forests in the area of Litovelské Pomoraví and proposes the protective management of the area in accordance with the European Natura 2000 system. The paper describes the geographical location and the natural conditions of the area of interest (climate, geology, geomorphology, hydrology and flood regime, soils, and vegetation). Six groups of geobiocene types were identified, classified and described in detail. Assessment of the ecological stability of the forest stand was carried out using biogeographical differentiation of the landscape and the outline of the forest ecosystem management is drawn based on the differentiation of the protected landscape area into zones with various levels of protection.
Keywords: alluvial landscape, anthropogenically conditioned state of geobiocoenoses, dynamic fluvial seral series of floodplain geobiocoenoses, protected landscape area, forest management, Natura 2000
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 355-369
Volume: 54
Issue: 8
Year: 2008
DOI: 10.17221/27/2008-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/27/2008-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:54:y:2008:i:8:id:27-2008-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Suchomel
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Contribution to the knowledge of Apodemus sylvaticus populations in forests of the managed landscape of southern Moravia (Czech Republic)
Abstract: The population dynamics of wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) was studied in three forest complexes differing in food supply in the intensively managed landscape of southern Moravia. They included an old semi-natural floodplain forest dominated by oak (HL), production broadleaved forest with the predominance of oak and robinia (HA) and a pheasantry with various forest stands consisting of diverse species and age categories of trees with a quantity of additional food for additional feeding of pheasants and roe deer (RB). The population fluctuation within six-year monitoring was affected by seed years (acorn crops in 2003 and 2006), which resulted in an increase in the species population density in the next year. Statistically significant effects of the crop of acorns on the body weight of monitored species were also detected (P < 0.01, F = 1.44). Relative abundance differed significantly between the floodplain forest (HL) and RB and HA (P < 0.01). The two last-mentioned sites did not differ and only a trend of greater preference to the most variable biotope in RB was noted. It evidences the unsuitability of floodplain forest for the species. In spite of the food specialization in small seeds significant effects of the excess crop of acorns can result in a rapid increase in the Apodemus sylvaticus population which can then cause damage to the natural regeneration of oak or artificial regeneration by seeding although to a substantially smaller extent than the more harmful A. flavicollis.
Keywords: wood mouse, forests in managed landscape, population dynamics, food supply
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 370-376
Volume: 54
Issue: 8
Year: 2008
DOI: 10.17221/33/2008-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2008-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:54:y:2008:i:8:id:33-2008-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. P. Sah
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Author-Name: R. Brumme
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Author-Name: N. Lamersdorf
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Title: Natural abundance of 15N of a spruce forest ecosystem under acid rain and manipulated clean rain field conditions
Abstract: We analysed stable isotopes of N in a spruce forest under ambient rainfall (no further manipulation of the atmospheric input) and clean rain application (10 years of reduced inorganic N- and acid-constituent input). The objectives of the study were to assess whether or not the natural 15N abundance would function as an indicator for the N-status of our forest ecosystems. For this purpose, natural 15N abundance values were measured in needles, litter fall, roots, soil, bulk precipitation, throughfall and soil water of both plots. In the bulk precipitation and throughfall the δ15N values of NO3-N were in the range reported by other studies (-16 to + 23‰). In both plots, the throughfall was greatly depleted of 15N compared to the bulk precipitation and this was attributed to nitrification in the canopy leaves, leading to δ15N-depleted nitrate production in the leaves that leaches down the soil surface. Nitrate in seepage water showed a general increase in δ15N values when it passes through the upper mineral soil (10 cm soil depth) and infiltrates into deeper mineral soil horizons (100 cm soil depth), similar to the δ15N enrichment of total nitrogen in the mineral soil. We observed 15N depletion in both green needles and litter fall at the clean rain plot, compared to the N-saturated control plot. We assumed it to be due to increased mycorrhizal N-uptake under N limited, i.e. clean rain conditions which are indicated by relatively lower N concentrations of green needles. With respect to the vertical gradient of the 15N abundance in the forest floor, both plots differ from each other, showing an untypical peak of δ15N depletion in the humus layer, which is more pronounced at the control plot. In contrast to the mineral soil where mineralisation is a dominant process for fractionation we attribute the δ15N pattern in the forest floor to additional processes like litter input and immobilisation. We conclude that the δ15N natural abundance analysis is helpful for interpreting the N-status of forest ecosystems but further research is needed especially with respect to the soil-root interface.
Keywords: acid rain, clean rain, δ 15N, stable isotopes, nitrogen, precipitation, throughfall, seepage water, needles, litter, spruce forest
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 377-387
Volume: 54
Issue: 8
Year: 2008
DOI: 10.17221/36/2008-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/36/2008-JFS.html
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