Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kulhavý Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Marková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Drápelová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Truparová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of liming on the mineral nutrition of the mountain Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) forest Abstract: Mineral nutrition represents the uptake, transport, metabolism and utilization of nutrients by the forest stand. These processes influence all physiological functions of trees. A specific minimum amount of all nutrients is necessary for the healthy development and growth of forest trees. The uptake of nutrients is influenced not only by natural conditions but also by anthropogenic activities. During the period of 2000-2005 the mineral nutrition of mountain Norway spruce stands was studied at the study site Bílý Kříž (Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts., Czech Republic). Research was carried out in a spruce stand that was limed in the past years (in 1983, 1985 and 1987) and in a spruce stand that was not limed in order to compare the liming effect on the mineral nutrition of spruce stands. A positive liming effect was detected in the calcium, magnesium and phosphorus nutrition because their contents in current needles were higher on the limed plots. No liming effect was determined in the nitrogen, potassium and microelement (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al) content in current needles. Sufficient nutrition of spruce stands only with calcium was recorded on all studied plots. Keywords: macroelements and microelements content in needles, Norway spruce, liming, Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts., Czech Republic Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 1-8 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/96/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200901-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:96-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Kacálek Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Novák Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Dušek Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Bartoš Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Černohous Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic Title: How does legacy of agriculture play role in formation of afforested soil properties? Abstract: Soil properties of forest ecosystems depend on synergy of both parent material and organisms living in the soil, i.e. tree species communities including related plant and animal species. However these soils were not left intact being converted into agricultural land; addition of both nutrients and organic matter and cultivation using tillage led to increased fertility of topsoil. Even long-term afforested soils show differences which are considered as legacy of past agriculture. The change remains detectable for decades; though the altered properties are obvious especially couple of years after planting (approximately 10 years). We found increased concentrations of nutrients (P, K, Ca, and Mg) and subsequent increased base saturation (V %) in former tilled soil only. Moreover, there were no differences between topsoil and subsoil properties (69% and 72%, respectively). In addition to significantly lower saturation (both 0-10 cm and 11-30 cm layers) detected in the long-term-forest and 50-year-afforested (both covered with Norway spruce stands) soils in comparison with adjacent 10-year-old afforestations, there was found significantly lower base saturation in topsoil horizons compared to underlying ones. Keywords: afforestation, agricultural land, soil properties, plant-available nutrients, Norway spruce Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 9-14 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/74/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/74/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200901-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:74-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Schieber Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: R. Janík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: Z. Snopková Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Regional Centre, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia Title: Phenology of four broad-leaved forest trees in a submountain beech forest Abstract: The phenology of four deciduous forest tree species (Carpinus betulus L., Fagus sylvatica L., Quercus dalechampii Ten., Tilia cordata Mill.) was studied in a submountain beech forest stand in Central Slovakia. Two spring phenological phases - bud-burst and leaf unfolding as well as one autumn phase - autumn leaf colouring were monitored over the period of 13 years. The results documented interannual variability in the dating of phenological phases within the species, while the differences among the species were also revealed. Significant correlations (P < 0.05) were detected between the dating of leaf unfolding and air temperature; the coefficients of correlation (r) ranged from -0.86 (hornbeam and beech) to -0.92 (oak). Significant relationships were also revealed between cumulative precipitation amounts and timing of autumn leaf colouring phase (r-value ranged from -0.73 in oak to -0.81 in hornbeam). The trend analysis showed that the onset of phenological phases was slightly shifted to the earlier dates during the period of 13 years. However, the trends were not statistically significant. Keywords: submountain beech forest, phenology, vegetative phenological phases, air temperature, precipitation Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 15-22 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/51/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/51/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200901-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:51-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Čermák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Horsák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Špiřík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Mrkva Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Relationships between browsing damage and woody species dominance Abstract: The paper analyzes data on browsing damage to food-attractive woody species, viz. Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aucuparia and most often eudominant Fagus sylvatica. The field survey was carried out in 2005-2007. Analyzed data come from 34 transects at 15 localities in the CR with different abundance of ungulates (Capreolus capreolus, in some areas also Cervus elaphus or Dama dama). Trees occurring in natural regeneration under a stand were monitored up to a height of 150 cm and the presence of new browsing damage was monitored. Differences between the percent of damaged individuals of the given species of a food-attractive woody species and the percent of damaged individuals of all woody species in the transect as well as the proportion of these parameters significantly correlate with the dominance of the given species being suitable parameters for the analysis of a relationship between the intensity of damage and dominance. At the same time, the higher the proportion of Fagus sylvatica, the higher the relative intensity of damage to monitored food-attractive species. Keywords: browsing, dominance, Acer, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aucuparia, Fagus sylvatica Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 23-31 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/73/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/73/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200901-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:73-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Véle Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Frýdek-Místek Office, Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Holuša Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Frýdek-Místek Office, Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Protection, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Frouz Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Biology, Biology Centre AS CR, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Ecological requirements of some ant species of the genus Formica (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in spruce forests Abstract: Five types of stand stages (clearings-samplings, plantations, thinnings, thickets, and mature forests) of spruce forests were examined at the foothills of the Jizerské hory Mts. in summer 2005 and 2006. The presence of ants was surveyed by catching them into pitfall traps and observing on baits. Higher numbers of Formica fusca ants were found in clearings-samplings and in plantations. Their activity was higher at the soil and air temperature of 20-30°C. The peak of activity was observed in July. Most specimens were trapped at lighter habitats and in the sites with more than 50% herbaceous and gramineous vegetation cover. F. pratensis was trapped in plantations and thickets. It was active at the soil temperatures 12-21°C and air temperatures 16-25°C. It occurred both in dark and light areas. F. sanguinea most commonly occurred in thinnings. This species was the most active at the soil temperature 20-30°C. Its activity depending on air temperature grew almost linearly. It occurred both in dark and in light stand stages with at least 60% vegetation cover. F. truncorum was observed only in thinnings. The activity of F. truncorum was the highest at the air and soil temperatures 15-25°C. The peak of activity was recorded in July. It was observed only in stands with the quantity of incident radiation 1,030 lx and with 20-80% of undergrowth cover. Keywords: Formica, ecological requirements, spruce forests Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 32-40 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/56/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200901-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:56-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Kulla Author-Workplace-Name: National Forest Centre, Forest Research Institute Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Tutka Author-Workplace-Name: National Forest Centre, Forest Research Institute Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: R. Marušák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Forest yield index and its applicability to the assessment of future forest yields Abstract: The paper suggests and examines a simplified relative indicator of forest production, with special regard to possibilities of its use in projecting future forests. Forest yield index (IY), based on an economic parameter "value of final cutting yield" was proposed, and examined in the model territory of Kysuce in north-western Slovakia. The current values of final cutting yield, dependent on tree species, site index and the length of rotation period served as a basis for the assessment of expected yields. The possibilities and limitations of index applicability in long-term strategic forest management decision-making are discussed, considering the uncertainty of ecological and economic conditions during the long forest production cycle, as well as the complexity of tree species growth and production in the mixed forests, uneven aged forests and forests under climate change. Keywords: forest growth, wood production, final cutting yield, tree species composition, forest management Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 41-50 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/45/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/45/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200901-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:45-2008-JFS