Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Bílek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Remeš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Zahradník Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Natural regeneration of senescent even-aged beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands under the conditions of Central Bohemia Abstract: The natural regeneration of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was studied under various shelterwood densities and silvicultural treatments in senescent beech stands in Central Bohemia. Four permanent research plots differed in shelterwood density, crown cover and average relative light intensities. Between 2003 and 2007, seed production, seedling emergence and survival were followed. The mean density of beech seeds (full and empty) per 1 m2 was estimated in another forest stand. In the autumn of 2003 the values were distinctly higher than those indicated for full mast years of beech. Despite high losses during the wintering of seeds, relatively low germination and high first-season mortality, the high density of 1-year-old beech seedlings indicates that these elements are not the factors which hinder natural regeneration. The thickness of the humus horizons influenced the density of young beech seedlings during all the three years. Ground vegetation was more frequent outside the crown projections of parent trees and increased with distance from the nearest tree. A reduction of crown cover to the level of 80% was an appropriate measure that assured the high survival of beech regeneration during the observed four-year period. Border cutting with the outer face oriented towards the east has to be considered as less suitable for beech regeneration than shelterwood systems and group selection harvesting. Keywords: Fagus sylvatica L., natural regeneration, stand density, seedling survival, mortality, Voděrady Beechwoods Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 144-145 Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/823-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/823-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200904-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:4:id:823-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Malá Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Pavingerová Author-Workplace-Name: Biology Centre of the AS CR, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Cvrčková Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Bříza Author-Workplace-Name: Biology Centre of the AS CR, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Dostál Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Šíma Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Czech Republic Title: Tolerance of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) embryogenic tissue to penicillin, carbapenem and aminoglycoside antibiotics Abstract: Somatic embryogenesis is conveniently utilized for the preparation of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) transgenic clones by means of Agrobacterium. The establishment of successful transformation protocol requires to determine the tolerance of growing embryogenic tissue to antibiotics in culture and selective media. In 5 Norway spruce lines (genotypes) differences in the tolerance of embryogenic tissues to penicillin antibiotics (amoxicillin, carbenicillin, and ticarcillin), carbapenem antibiotic (meropenem) used for the Agrobacterium growth prevention, and aminoglycoside antibiotic (kanamycin) used in selective media were determined. Of the penicillin derivatives, amoxicillin was optimally tolerated in all lines and, in addition, its highest concentration accelerated growth in more rapidly growing lines. Ticarcillin was similarly tolerated but no growth acceleration was observed in any line. As regards carbenicillin, only the lowest concentration was observed to be well tolerated by all lines whereas all concentrations of meropenem were well tolerated in all lines except for slowly growing line 28, the growth of which was retarded by the concentration of 20 mg/l. The aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin was well tolerated by the embryonic tissue of all lines in the concentration of 10 mg/l and less in the concentration of 25 mg/l. The concentrations of 50 mg/l and 100 mg/l appeared as intolerable in all lines. Toxicity of kanamycin manifested at first in the browning and later in the growth cessation of embryogenic tissue. Keywords: somatic embryogenesis, transformation, penicillin antibiotics, carbapenem antibiotics, aminoglycoside antibiotics, Norway spruce, Agrobacterium tumefaciens Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 156-161 Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/100/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200904-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:4:id:100-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kobliha Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Stejskal Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Recent fir hybridization research in the light of Czech-American cooperation Abstract: The project is based on control pollination of different fir species in the sense of interspecific hybridization. The aim of this procedure is a new bred material for specific needs of forestry and Christmas tree production. Concrete breeding aims are represented in this sense by resistance to limiting environmental conditions (e.g. drought) and by resistance to diseases and pests. The experiment follows a traditional hybridization program of the department focused on the genus Abies and recently it has been extended by the Czech-U.S. cooperation (North Carolina State University Raleigh). For hybridization mainly Mediterranean fir species are used together with Asian species (e.g. Abies koreana) and of course American species (above all Abies fraseri). Hybridizations will be followed by Phytophthora cinnamomi screenings that have high priority. Hybrid progenies will undergo early testing and their vegetative propagation for cloning purposes is being considered. Keywords: Abies, hybridization, breeding, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Abies fraseri Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 162-170 Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/114/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/114/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200904-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:4:id:114-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Abdi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: B. Majnounian Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: A. Darvishsefat Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: Z. Mashayekhi Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: J. Sessions Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Engineering, Oregon State university, oregon, U.S.A. Title: A GIS-MCE based model for forest road planning Abstract: One of the cost factors in forest management is the development of road infrastructure. The objective of study was to develop a method using GIS and Multi-criteria Evaluation (MCE) to design a forest road network with the lowest construction cost while maintaining other technical requirements. Six road alternatives meeting technical requirements were developed using PEGGER. Then MCE was used to evaluate the construction costs of the candidate networks. The decision making group identified six factors as being relevant to the costs of forest roads. Then factors were compared in a pair-wise comparison, in the context of the Analytic Hierarchy Process to develop weights of map layers. Then weights and factors were entered into the MCE module to create a final suitability map. The total cost of each alternative was extracted from the suitability map and the unit cost of each alternative was calculated. The results showed that alternatives one and two had the highest and lowest unit costs, respectively. The results illustrated the utility of using GIS and MCE to improve the planning process. Keywords: analytic hierarchy process, forest road, GIS, multi-criteria evaluation (MCE), PEGGER Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 171-176 Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/52/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200904-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:4:id:52-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Naghdi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran Author-Name: I. Bagheri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Author-Name: M. Lotfalian Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran Author-Name: B. Setodeh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran Title: Rutting and soil displacement caused by 450C Timber Jack wheeled skidder (Asalem forest northern Iran) Abstract: The use of skidding machinery in logging operations causes destructive effects especially on soil but has many advantages such as extracting long and heavy logs, optimum use of useful logging time and absence of defect in wood production quality and thus an increase in the added value of wood. In this research compartment 40 of the second district of Nav-Asalem in northern Iran at an altitude of 1,050-1,450 m above sea level was chosen in order to assess the amount of displaced soil volume and depth of ruts due to the traffic of Timber Jack 450C rubber wheeled skidder along the skid trail. Therefore, the correlations between two independent variables, longitudinal slope and soil texture, with two dependent variables, displaced soil volume and average depth of rut, along the skid trail were examined after 20 passes of skidder machinery. The results of this research showed a significant difference between the longitudinal slope increase of skid trail and the amount of soil volume displaced (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between the mean rut depth and different classification of longitudinal slope along the skid trail. The highest measured rut depth was 22 cm and occurred in the slope class of more than 25%. There was no significant correlation between the amount of displaced soil volume and rut depth with changes in soil texture along the skid trail. Keywords: soil displacement, rutting, skid trail, Timber Jack 450C wheeled skidder, Iran Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 177-183 Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/102/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/102/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200904-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:4:id:102-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Holuša Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Forest Management Institute, Brandýs nad Labem, branch office Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic Title: Composition and diversity of psocid (Insecta: Psocoptera) taxocoenoses in forest ecosystems of the Abieti-fageta s. lat. zone in the Western Carpathian Mts. Abstract: Psocid (Psocoptera) taxocoenoses were studied in forest ecosystems of the Western Carpathian Mts. in 1997-2001. As a study frame, vegetation tiers (VT = altitudinal vegetation zones) of geobiocoenological or forest-typological system were used. Lower units of forest typological system (forest type complexes) were used for the classification of ecological conditions and the material found in forest ecosystems of Abieti-fageta s. lat. communities (5th fir-beech VT) was evaluated in detail. This VT is the most widespread in the regions under study (the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts., the Vsetínské vrchy Hills and Javorníky). 2,023 adults comprising 28 species were found in the 5th VT. Caecilius burmeisteri was found as eudominant species; Philotarsus picicornis, Caecilius flavidus and Peripsocus subfasciatus were found as dominant species. In natural geobiocoenoses with the level of naturalness 1 or 2, the following species were found: Mesopsocus unipunctatus, Caecilius flavidus, and Caecilius burmeisteri as eudominant and Caecilius despaxi as dominant. Taxocoenoses of psocids were evaluated by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Divisive Cluster Analysis (DvClA). The axes were interpreted in DCA-analysis as follows: the x-axis denotes the influence of VTs and the q-axis refers to the influence of hydricity. This material was compared with other material obtained from various vegetation tiers in the Western Carpathians Mts. The characteristic species composition of psocids in the 5th VT was as follows: Caecilius flavidus - C. burmeisteri - C. despaxi - Metylophorus nebulosus - Philotarsus picicornis. Keywords: Psocoptera, taxocoenoses, diversity, forest ecosystems, vegetation tier, Abieti-fageta s. lat., Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts., Vsetínské vrchy Hills, Javorníky Mts., Western Carpathian Mts Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 184-192 Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/88/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/88/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200904-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:4:id:88-2008-JFS