Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Huber
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth and Yield Research, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Author-Name: H. Sterba
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth and Yield Research, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Title: Development of species composition in long term simulations with an individual-tree growth simulator
Abstract: The spruce-fir-beech dominated forest stands in Litschau in the Austrian part of the Bohemian Massif were converted by former forest management practices into pure Norway spruce stands and are now discussed to be reconverted into the potential natural vegetation type. The targeted potential natural vegetation type is usually defined by experts in vegetation sciences. Because meanwhile individual-tree growth simulators are a well acknowledged tool for predicting future forest stand development, in this study we investigate if PROGNAUS can also be used to predict the redevelopment of managed forest ecosystems into natural forest ecosystems regarding species composition. The development of 23 stands in Litschau has been simulated over 1,000 years under the "no-management" option. Generally, the simulated species distribution agrees quite well with the expectations of the potential natural vegetation type. However, the predicted amounts of silver fir and maple species are lower than expected, which probably is due to browsing and management effects represented in the parameterization data for PROGNAUS.
Keywords: individual-tree growth model, potential natural vegetation type, forest stand development, species distribution
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 194-200
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/14/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14/2009-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:5:id:14-2009-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Remeš
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Kulhavý
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Dissolved organic carbon concentrations under conditions of different forestcomposition
Abstract: The study deals with the monitoring of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in seepage water sampled from differently managed forest plots in the Drahanská vrchovina Upland. Simultaneously, the input of DOC in precipitation and throughfall is evaluated. Preliminary results show higher mobility level of carbon substances in forest soil in a pure spruce stand compared to mixed stand or a pure beech stand. DOC can be one of suitable characteristics to evaluate the conversion effectiveness of spruce monocultures.
Keywords: dissolved organic carbon, throughfall, lysimetric water, species composition, Norway spruce conversion
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 201-207
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/16/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2009-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:5:id:16-2009-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O. Špulák
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D. Dušek
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic
Title: Comparison of the impact of blue spruce and reed Calamagrostis villosa on forest soil chemical properties
Abstract: The impact of blue spruce (Picea pungens) and reed Calamagrostis villosa) cover on quantity and quality of upper soil layers was investigated. The research was conducted in the Jizerské hory Mts., Czech Republic (altitude 880 m, acidic spruce forest site type - 8K). Mean weight of dry matter of holorganic horizons was similar under both variants. Totally, there were accumulated 153 t/ha of dry matter of humus horizons in blue spruce and 174 t/ha in reed. Soil pH (KCl) varied from 3.7 to 3.2 under blue spruce stand and from 3.6 to 3.3 under reed. The differences of concentrations of nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg) were not found significant either. Only L horizon showed significant differences: there were higher values of cation exchangeable capacity (T) and higher content of exchangeable bases (S) under reed. We found very similar forest-floor humus properties under both species. Therefore we can not state worsening of the soil conditions under blue spruce compared to areas covered with tested forest weed species.
Keywords: Picea pungens, forest weed, Calamagrostis villos, upper soil layers quality and quantity, Jizerské hory Mts
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 208-214
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/17/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/17/2009-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:5:id:17-2009-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Menšík
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: T. Fabiánek
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V. Tesař
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Establishment and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Kulhavý
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Title: Humus conditions and stand characteristics of artificially established young stands in the process of the transformation of spruce monocultures
Abstract: The main reason for the transformation of spruce monocultures at sites of mixed broadleaved forests is to create more natural relationships between the species structure of a stand and soil processes. The presented study compares humus conditions and basic growth characteristics of two mixed stands (spruce with beech and larch with beech) aged 25 years with a beech stand (aged 40 years) and spruce stand (aged 30 years). The purpose of the study is to evaluate (i) forms of forest floor, (ii) soil reaction, (iii) the content and total reserves of carbon, nitrogen and C/N ratio, (iv) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in relation to stand characteristics. The highest reserve of forest floor is detected in the mixed stand of larch with beech (52.6 t/ha), the lowest reserve in a beech stand (21.0 t/ha). The soil reaction of the spruce stand and the beech stand is 4.0 (± 0.3) and 5.1 (± 0.3), respectively. The C/N ratio of the spruce stand is 23.5 (± 1.8) and that of the beech stand 18.8 ± 2.9. The DOC content decreases with layers of surface humus towards depth. Mixed stands represent by their values of soil conditions a mean between spruce and beech stands.
Keywords: tree species composition, soil, forest floor reserves and forms, pH, C/N ratio, DOC, forest stand characteristics
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 215-223
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/18/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/18/2009-JFS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Novák
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: M. Slodičák
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Opočno Research Station, Opočno, Czech Republic
Title: Thinning experiment in the spruce and beech mixed stands on the locality naturally dominated by beech - growth, litter-fall and humus
Abstract: In 1997, long-term thinning experiment Všeteč in Southern Bohemia was established in the young 19-year-old mixed beech and spruce stand. Three variants (0.10 ha each) were investigated: 1 - control unthinned plot (only salvage cut was done), 2 - plot with positive selection from above and 3 - plot with negative selection from below. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the first results from the eleven-year investigation (at the age of 19-29 years) focused on the effect of thinning on growth, species composition, litter-fall and humus in young mixed stands in this experiment. Thinning (both variants) resulted in decreased salvage cut (dead, broken and uprooted trees). Continual diminishing of spruce portion (started quickly after dry season in 2003 on control unthinned plot) was slow or soft on both thinned plots. Annual litter-fall in experimental young spruce and beech mixed stands at the age of 27-29 years varied from 4.6 to 5.5 thousand kg/ha and dry biomass of humus horizons L, F and H represented altogether approximately 91 and 128 thousand kg/ha on plots 3 and 1, respectively (plot 2 was omitted from this part of investigation).
Keywords: thinning, spruce, beech, mixed stands, litter-fall, humus horizons
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 224-234
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/20/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/20/2009-JFS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Skorupski
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: G. Butkiewicz
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: A. Wierzbicka
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Title: The first reaction of soil mite fauna (Acari, Mesostigmata) caused by conversion of Norway spruce stand in the Szklarska Poręba Forest District
Abstract: To observe the first reaction of Mesostigmata mites for conversion of even aged spruce stands under conversion with common beech and silver fir, four pairs of experimental plots directly neighbouring each other were examined. On the spruce stands that started to be converted into beech or fir stands a few years ago, some significant composition and quantitative changes can be observed as regards Mesostigmata order mites. The first reaction of Mesostigmata mites after starting of forest conversion was an increasing number of mite species in the plots. On the plots with relatively close occurrence of beech, increasing number of specimens was also observed in plots under conversion. The share of Parasitidae family mites was decreased on the converted plots with relatively close occurrence of beech. On the converted spruce stands the percentage share of Uropodina suborder mites was found to increase or remain high.
Keywords: Acari, Mesostigmata, mites, forest conversion, biodiversity, soil ecology
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 235-243
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/19/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/19/2009-JFS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. Sugiero
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: R. Jaszczak
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: G. Rączka
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: P. Strzeliński
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: A. Węgiel
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Author-Name: A. Wierzbicka
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Game Management and Forest Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Title: Species composition in low mountain beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands in the Bieszczady National Park under the global warming
Abstract: The author analyzes the changes in the tree species composition of Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum Klika 1927 em. Mat. 1964 in the mountain stands of Bieszczady National Park in 1993-2003. The analysis takes into account the changes over a ten-year period in the number and volume structure of each tree species in each stand layer: young natural regeneration, undergrowth, and mature stand. Additionally, after comparing the results with the natural Carpathian forests' structure, the adaptation level of the present tree species composition to the current climate and soil conditions, as well as probable directions of future changes have been assessed. A ten-year period is too short to find significant changes in stand species structure but it is possible to see some trends: beech share in stands is increasing and fir is decreasing.
Keywords: Bieszczady National Park, beech stands, species composition, climate changes
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 244-250
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Year: 2009
DOI: 10.17221/15/2009-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/15/2009-JFS.html
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