Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Menšík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kulhavý Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kantor Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Establishment and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Remeš Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Humus conditions of stands with different proportion of Douglas fir in the Hůrky Training Forest District and Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise Abstract: The paper presented evaluates reserves and chemical composition of forest floor of three stands of Douglas fir, spruce and spruce with beech at acid sites (3K) in the Hůrky Training Forest District (TFD) and at a meso-trophic site (4H) in the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise (TFE). The aim of the study was to evaluate: (i) reserves of forest floor, (ii) soil reaction, (iii) total content of carbon and nitrogen for the forest floor layers, iv) C/N ratio, and (v) the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The lowest reserve occurs in the Douglas fir stand at a mesotrophic site (25.0 t/ha), the highest accumulation occurs in the spruce stand and in the spruce/beech stand at an acid site (79.4-79.6 t/ha). The soil reaction is strongly acid to acid. The most favourable values of pH for forest floor and soil at acid (4.6 ± 0.4) and mesotrophic sites (5.2 ± 0.4) occur in the Douglas fir stand. It also corresponds to C/N ratio (23-26). The highest reserve of carbon in forest floor occurs at the acid site 34.7 t/ha (1.3 t/ha nitrogen). The lowest reserve of carbon in forest floor at the mesotrophic site amounts to 8.5 t/ha (0.4 t/ha nitrogen). The higher content of DOC in stands at acid sites can result in a higher risk of soil acidification. Keywords: spe Keywords: species composition, soil, forest floor reserves, pH, carbon and nitrogen, C/N ratio, DOC Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 345-356 Volume: 55 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/9/2009-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2009-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200908-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:8:id:9-2009-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Pernar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: E. Klimo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Matić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: D. Bakšić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: H. Lorencová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Different technologies of floodplain forest regeneration from the aspect of soil changes Abstract: Like in other types of forests the greatest changes in the soil of floodplain forest stands occur during their regeneration. These changes are manifested as changes in the content and dynamics of organic matter in the soil. Research was conducted in oak and ash floodplain forests in the eastern part of Croatia and in southern Moravia in the Czech Republic. The results showed that the type and extent of these changes depended, in addition to environmental factors, also on the technology of forest regeneration. The natural regeneration of oak in floodplain forests of Spačva (eastern Croatia) protects soil from dramatic changes in soil by successive regeneration felling and that it retains the plant cover permanently. The weight of organic matter on the soil surface is increased after regeneration till the period when the effect of thinning becomes evident (about 70 years). In the surface mineral layer of soil the pH value increases after shelterwood felling. Stand regeneration with clear-cutting results in a rapid change in the conditions of surface humus accumulation and decomposition. The process of organic residue accumulation is interrupted in the clearings. In the preparation of soil/site by ploughing, the concentrations of nitrogen and carbon slightly decrease. The management impact depends on the method of site preparation for the establishment of a new stand. The selection of a method of the floodplain forest regeneration (particularly of oak) is markedly dependent on actual ecological conditions and on ecological and historical experience of the given region. Keywords: floodplain forest regeneration, soil changes, soil organic matter Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 357-367 Volume: 55 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/8/2009-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8/2009-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200908-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:8:id:8-2009-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Kellerová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovakia Title: Changes in air quality in different phases of forest management process in a sub-mountain beech ecosystem (West Carpathian Mts.) Abstract: We studied air quality in a sub-mountain beech ecosystem in the Kremnické vrchy Mts., Central Slovakia. We chose the method of passive sampling. The amounts of airborne pollutants (H+ and O3) were determined at regular time intervals, covering the whole vegetation period, on four plots with different stocking. The original stand was subjected to two cuts with a purpose to simulate the phases of a common silvicultural process. The first research period (1999-2003) started 10 years after the first cutting, the second (2004-2006) was launched immediately after the second cut. Ten years after applying the first cut, the differences in the proton load input were getting smaller - with the dynamically changing crown canopy. The largest difference in proton load (H+ was found between plots C and I after the second intervention, when the correlation coefficient value was 0.15. The differences in proton load input between the plots were influenced by the cut, especially in the first three years after its application. No significant differences in ground level ozone concentrations between plots I (intensive cut), Me (medium intensive), Mo (moderate) and C (control) were revealed either after the first or after the second cutting intervention. Differences in ozone concentrations are not significant, and they indicate that the stocking density does not play an important role in association with ozone affecting the stands. The increase in ozone concentrations after the second intervention was evident on all plots - indicating the absence of connection with the individual phases of forest management process, but at the same time indicating the presence of climate change. In the studied sub-mountain beech ecosystem in the Kremnické vrchy Mts., an important role of episodes with high ozone concentrations is evident. Keywords: ground level ozone, hydrogen ion, cutting phases, sub-mountain beech stands, passive samplers Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 368-375 Volume: 55 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/1/2009-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2009-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200908-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:8:id:1-2009-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Kubík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Mauer Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Current possibilities of using Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in forest regeneration in the air-polluted region of the northeastern Krušné hory Mts. Abstract: The paper analyses possibilities of repeated use of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) in the regeneration of existing Norway spruce stands, in the regeneration of large-area clearcuts, and in the reconstruction of the stands of substitute tree species (European white birch [Betula verrucosa Ehrh.]) after a change in the emission situation in the northeastern Krušné hory Mts., comparing the prosperity of these plantations with plantations in the unpolluted Bohemian-Moravian Upland. The survey included 26 research plots aged 1-12 years, situated predominantly on acidic sites in Forest Altitudinal Vegetation Zones (FAVZ) 6 and 7 in the northeastern Krušné hory Mts. (air pollution damage zones A and B) and 6 control plots aged 4-11 years on acidic sites of FAVZ 6 in the Bohemian-Moravian Upland (air pollution damage zone C). Total number of parameters and traits assessed in each tree was up to 14. Research results indicate that the current pollution and climatic situation in the Krušné hory Mts. allow a switch to the classical spruce management system of higher elevations. The best method of regeneration is seen in small-size regeneration elements - clearcuts of up to 1 ha. The spruce can also be used on large-area clearcuts, but it suffers from a long transplanting shock and frost injuries there. All plantations must be protected against game damage. Keywords: air pollution, forest regeneration, Norway spruce, clearcuts, reconstruction of stands of substitute woody species Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 376-386 Volume: 55 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/75/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/75/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200908-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:8:id:75-2008-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Poorbabaei Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Someasara, Iran Author-Name: A. Poor-Rostam Author-Workplace-Name: Natural Resources Service of Siahkal, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran Title: The effect of shelterwood silvicultural method on the plant species diversity in a beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) forest in the north of Iran Abstract: To clarify the effect of shelterwood silvicultural method on the diversity of plant species in a beech (Fagus orientalis) forest in the north of Iran, we compared the plant species diversity in three compartments (treatments) where regeneration cuttings were performed with that in a primary compartment. The sampling procedure was a systematic random method and the tree, tree regeneration, shrub and herbaceous species were identified and measured within sampling plots. Results indicated that the mean tree richness in compartment No. 1 (only with one seed cutting) was higher than in the other compartments. The mean richness of understorey species in compartment No. 4 (with all regeneration cuttings) was higher than in the other compartments. The mean evenness (EVar) of tree species in compartment No. 4 was higher than in the other compartments. The mean evenness of understorey species in compartment No. 1 was higher than in the other compartments. The mean tree diversities (i.e. 1-D, N2, H´ and N1) in compartment No. 1 were higher than in the other compartments. In addition, the mean diversities of understorey species in compartment No. 1 were higher than in the other compartments. Keywords: beech forest, shelterwood method, plant diversity, systematic random method Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 387-394 Volume: 55 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/40/2008-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/40/2008-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-200908-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:55:y:2009:i:8:id:40-2008-JFS