Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Drápelová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Menšík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kulhavý Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Marková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Sulphur and nitrogen concentrations and fluxes in bulk precipitation and throughfall in the mountain and highland spruce stands in the Czech Republic Abstract: Concentrations and fluxes of sulphur and nitrogen compounds in bulk precipitation and in throughfall were evaluated and compared for two experimental sites in the Czech Republic: one situated at Rájec (Drahanská upland, 610 m a.s.l.) and the second one at Bílý Kříž (Moravian-Silesian Beskids, 908 m a.s.l.) both with similar stands of young Norway spruce. The three-year study performed during 2006-2008, revealed statistically significant differences in nitrate nitrogen concentrations in bulk precipitations and in ammonium nitrogen concentrations both in bulk precipitation and in throughfall between the two sites. Higher nitrogen compounds concentrations in bulk precipitation were found at Rájec. Differences between the two sites in sulphur concentrations were not found out neither in bulk precipitation nor in throughfall waters. Total sulphur deposition amounted to 8.1, 8.3 and 6.7 kg S.ha-1 at Rájec and to 14.8, 16.9 and 15.4 kg S.ha-1 at Beskids for the three years studied, respectively. Total inorganic nitrogen throughfall flux amounted to 12.1, 11.6 and 11.6 at Rájec and 13.8, 18.9 and 15.0 kg.ha-1 at Bílý Kříž for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Keywords: Bílý Kříž (Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts.), Czech Republic, nitrogen deposition, rainfall, Rájec (Drahanská Highland), sulphur deposition, throughfall Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 429-441 Volume: 56 Issue: 10 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/99/2009-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/99/2009-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201010-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:56:y:2010:i:10:id:99-2009-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Jurásek Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Leugner Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Martincová Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Title: Growth and physiological state of beech seedlings grown in a nursery in different light conditions Abstract: Seedlings of European beech of two populations (from the 4th and 7th forest altitudinal zone) were grown in a shaded and unshaded plastic greenhouse. The objective was to compare seedling growth and the function of assimilatory organs and to determine their reactions after transfer to different light conditions.Seedlings grown in the unshaded plastic greenhouse (the sun variant) were taller and stronger at the end of the first growing season and had the higher weight and volume of shoots and root systems than seedlings grown in the shade. A higher number of leaves, larger total leaf area and higher dry matter of leaves per 1 plant were determined in seedlings grown in the sun. The average area of one leaf was larger in seedlings grown in the shade. The higher photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) determined from the light curves of chlorophyll fluorescence in seedlings grown in the sun was apparently connected with the higher photosynthetic rate and more intensive growth of these seedlings. The transfer of seedlings from full sun to shade resulted only in small changes in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm, ETR). On the contrary, the transfer of seedlings from the shaded plastic greenhouse to the sun induced photoinhibition leading to a significant reduction in the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry Fv/Fm and in the photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR). Keywords: beech, chlorophyll fluorescence, Fagus sylvatica, light conditions, morphology, seedlings Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 442-450 Volume: 56 Issue: 10 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/8/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201010-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:56:y:2010:i:10:id:8-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Čížková Author-Workplace-Name: Kunovice Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Kunovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Čížek Author-Workplace-Name: Kunovice Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Kunovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Bajajová Author-Workplace-Name: Kunovice Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Kunovice, Czech Republic Title: Growth of hybrid poplars in silviculture at the age of 6 years Abstract: Growth and timber production of 28 poplar clones were evaluated. A set of clones was derived from14 clones newly bred in Forestry and Game Management Research Institute in the Czech Republic, eight well-known cultivars of Populus × euroamericana planted in Europe and imported to the Czech Republic, two standard cultivars 'I-214' and 'Robusta' (Populus × euroamericana). Four clones of Populus deltoides were added to the test set. Tree spacing was 4 × 4 m. Stem diameter, tree height and stem volume production were evaluated in 6-years-old trees. Based on the results, it was concluded that the yield of four clones was higher than that of standard cultivar 'I-214'. Standing volume of two P. deltoides clones and one new Czech P. × euroamericana clone varied in the range of 77-121 m3.ha-1. Keywords: Fluvisol, Populus × euroamericana, Populus deltoides, timber production Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 451-460 Volume: 56 Issue: 10 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/26/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/26/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201010-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:56:y:2010:i:10:id:26-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Novák Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Slodičák Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Kacálek Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Dušek Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute Strnady, Opočno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of different stand density on diameter growth response in Scots pine stands in relation to climate situations Abstract: The effect of stand density on the resistance of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to climatic stress and subsequent response of diameter increment were investigated using data gathered from six long-term experimental series located in the typical pine regions of the Czech Republic (sandy nutrient-poor soils on the Pineto-Quercetum oligotrophicum-arenosum). Diameter growth of dominant individuals (with the largest diameter at the age before the first thinning) was measured in all variants of experimental series (control and thinned). Monthly average temperature and total precipitation were taken from the nearest climatological stations and, additionally, three climatic factors (precipitation and temperature ratio in different periods) were calculated. Diameter growth responses were analyzed in connection with long-term deviations of climatic characteristics. The effect of different stand density on diameter growth response in relation to climate situations was evaluated by cluster analysis and the variability of diameter growth response to climate situations was interpreted by the variance of correlation coefficients in groups of sample trees. The investigation confirmed the significant negative effect of meteorological drought on diameter increment of studied pine stands in the period of the last 30 years. At the same time, we observed a significant positive influence of higher spring (February, March) air temperatures on the annual diameter growth of dominant trees. The effect of stand density (in thinned stands) on the relation between diameter growth and climatic characteristic was not significant. Keywords: diameter growth, Pinus sylvestris, precipitation, temperature, thinning Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 461-473 Volume: 56 Issue: 10 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/14/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201010-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:56:y:2010:i:10:id:14-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Kula Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: W. Ząbecki Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Agricultural University of Cracow, Cracow, Poland Title: Merocoenoses of cambioxylophagous insect fauna of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) with focus on bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and types of tree damage in different gradation conditions Abstract: Research on merocoenoses of cambioxylophagous insect fauna of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) was carried out in spruce stands of different age in the area with an endemic population (Moravian-Silesian Beskids, Czech Republic) and in the area with an epidemic population (Beskid Żywiecki, Poland) of the eight-toothed spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.). The structure of merocoenoses was characterized separately for standing trees attacked by bark beetles, trees struck by lightning, trees affected by fungal pathogens and wind-felling and trees in the form of snags and fragments. The occurrence of cambioxylophagous insects, mostly bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was compared between the study areas with emphasis on dominant facultative primary bark beetles and types of damage to spruce trees. Keywords: bark beetles, the Beskids, Central Europe, merocoenoses, Norway spruce, Picea abies, tree damage Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 474-484 Volume: 56 Issue: 10 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/33/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201010-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:56:y:2010:i:10:id:33-2010-JFS