Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ž.S. Dželetović Author-Workplace-Name: INEP - Institute for the Application for Nuclear Energy, University of Belgrade, Zemun, Serbia Author-Name: R.N. Pivić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Science, Belgrade, Serbia Author-Name: N.L.J. Djurović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Zemun, Serbia Title: Available nitrogen in the surface mineral layer of Serbian forest soils Abstract: Based on a greenhouse experiment, we evaluated nitrogen availability in the surface mineral layer of soil under various deciduous forest stands by analysing the following soil characteristics: total organic C, total N, initial content of easily available N inorganic forms, mineralized N content obtained by aerobic and anaerobic incubations and A-value. The experiment was performed on a test plant and through the application of urea enriched with 5.4% 15N.The studied forest soils are characterized by high mineralization intensity and high N availability indices. Aerobic incubation appears to be the most appropriate method for evaluating the available N content. The amounts of mineralized and nitrified N, obtained by aerobic incubation, with subtraction of the initial content of available mineral N forms are in correlation (P ≤ 0.05) with total organic C content (r = 0.916) and total soil N (r = 0.903) while the correlation with the C/N ratio is poor (r = 0.645). Keywords: A-value, C/N ratio, total organic C, total soil N Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 131-140 Volume: 57 Issue: 4 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/109/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201104-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:4:id:109-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pecháček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Vavříček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Samec Author-Workplace-Name: Branch Frýdek-Místek, Institute for Forest Management in Brandýs nad Labem, Frýdek-Místek, Czech Republic Title: Soil environment and nutrient status of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) underplantings in conditions of the 8th FAZ in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. Abstract: The main objective of this study was to investigate the causes of nutrient deficiency symptoms in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) underplantings in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. In the area concerned 19 research plots were established, representing the ridge sites of the 8th FAZ of acid edaphic categories. On these plots samples were taken from topmost soil horizons and needle samples were collected in two series - from healthy and from damaged trees. The results of this study demonstrate that the nutrient deficiency symptoms and reduced vitality of evaluated underplantings were caused by the insufficient uptake of main nutrients (Mg, P, K, Nt). High contents of toxic elements Al, S in damaged needles are another factor that negatively influences the health status of these underplantings.A statistical survey showed that damage to underplantings increased with decreasing proportions of main nutrients (Nt, Mg, Ca, K) in organomineral horizons. At the same time the content of basic nutrients (Nt, Mg, Ca, K) was found to increase in this horizon with an increasing proportion of oxidizable organic carbon (Cox). The proportion of humus substances and the content of basic nutrients (Nt, Mg, Ca, K) in organomineral horizons become a limiting factor for the normal growth and development of Norway spruce plantings in the ridge part of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. Keywords: Norway spruce, nutrient deficiency symptoms, stand nutrition, soil environment Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 141-152 Volume: 57 Issue: 4 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/38/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/38/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201104-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:4:id:38-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Buriánek Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Jíloviště, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Benedíková Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Jíloviště, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kyseláková Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady, Kunovice Research Station, Kunovice, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of twenty-years-old pedunculate and sessile oak provenance trial Abstract: This paper deals with the measurement and evaluation of pedunculate and sessile oaks on five provenance trial plots located in the forest regions Západočeská pahorkatina, Jihočeská pánev, Hornomoravský úval, Dolnomoravský úval, Bílé Karpaty and Vizovické vrchy at the age of 20 years. Height and diameter growth were measured and analysed and the quality of tree stems was recorded. Sampled seeds originated from certified stands for seed production located in the Hercynian and Carpathian regions of the Czech Republic. Differences between the two species result from their ecological requirements. A comparison of the two species indicates that pedunculate oak at young age grows better than sessile oak in its typical site conditions. Sessile oak grows relatively worse on the plots situated in floodplain site conditions because it does not tolerate the high levels of groundwater. But the differences were not statistically significant. Significant differences in growth parameters were confirmed within each species among plots and provenances. Large differences in stem shape quality were also recorded already in the early growth phase. In some provenances straight stems were present in up to 56% of the individuals, however, in others straight stems did not appear at all. The total results showed that some pedunculate and sessile oak provenances are more adaptable to site conditions and they suffer lower losses while achieving very good growth. Keywords: Czech Republic, evaluation, pedunculate oak, provenance research, sessile oak, variability in height and diameter growth Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 153-169 Volume: 57 Issue: 4 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/117/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/117/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201104-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:4:id:117-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Jurásek Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Leugner Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Martincová Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Opočno, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of physiological and health state of Norway spruce plants with different growth rate at juvenile stage after outplanting at mountain locations Abstract: Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) seedlings grown from seed originating from high mountain locations (8th forest altitudinal zone - Norway spruce vegetation zone 1,000-1,250 m a.s.l.) show higher growth variability than seedlings from populations adapted to more favorable conditions at a lower altitude a.s.l. Seedlings smaller than 8 cm in height were usually culled during sorting before transplanting (in common nursery practice) regardless of the fact whether it was not planting material from high mountain locations. This paper presents the results of the physiological and health state of 16 year old spruce stands established by outplanting of specifically sorted planting material (comprising also slowly growing seedlings) on the research plot Pláň (Krkonoše Mts). Differences among variants in water losses during drying were relatively small and statistically insignificant due to high individual variability; nevertheless, they indicate a certain positive trend in plants with slower growth dynamics in the nursery. Differences in chlorophyll fluorescence among the variants were statistically significant. The trend of higher frost hardiness in the "small" variant was obvious again. The health status results document the initial assumption of very good adaptation to adverse mountain conditions in trees grown from seedlings characterized by slow growth in a nursery. The results of evaluation of physiological parameters and health status confirm a hypothesis that plants with the initial slow growth are a stable component of the population spectrum of mountain spruce trees. The results document good preconditions for the establishment of vital and stable stands when the entire growth spectrum of planting stock and particularly of plants produced from originally slow-growing seedlings is utilized. Keywords: health status, mountain locality, Norway spruce, physiological trait Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 170-177 Volume: 57 Issue: 4 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/110/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201104-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:4:id:110-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Zehnálek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Remeš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Pulkrab Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Importance of logging technologies for economic effectiveness of tending Norway spruce stands Abstract: This article examines the impact of modern harvesting and hauling technologies on the economic effectiveness of tending Norway spruce stands. The analysis of more than 70 tending treatments showed how fundamental the choice of technology is with respect to the impact of tending treatments. The introduction of harvesters and forwarders, compared with traditional technologies, conclusively demonstrated a higher gross profit per unit area (CZK.ha-1) as well as per unit volume of harvested timber (CZK.m-3). In addition, the paper demonstrated economic effectiveness even in the first thinning operations in relatively young stands (30 years old) Keywords: economic effectiveness, harvesting technologies, spruce stands, stand tending Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 178-184 Volume: 57 Issue: 4 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/113/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/113/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201104-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:4:id:113-2010-JFS