Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Rejšek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Dundek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Marosz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Samec Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Management Institute, Brandýs nad Labem, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Sýkora Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Specification of the beechwood soil environment based on chosen soil properties, aiming at the Fageta paupera habitat Abstract: ABSTRACT: This paper deals with a specific type of homogeneous beechwood called Fageta paupera. The aim is to acquire information about the heterogeneity of soil environment. As a material we used 20 research plots of semi-natural European beech stands, where the sampling of soil profile and the observation of floristic conditions were realized. Laboratory assessment of soil samples was focused on physicochemical and chemical properties of soil: pH/CaCl2, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, CEC (T, S, V), Cox, Nt, C/N, C-FA, C-HA, C-CHL, C-HA/FA. Data processing was done with the aim to discover a variability of soils, observing soil genetic horizons individually (H, A, B, C). Research plots were divided into biotopes with the cover of understory vegetation < 15% and > 15% (in accordance with the definition of Fageta paupera) and the variability of soil properties in each horizon for the two above-mentioned biotopes and furthermore for all plots together was investigated. Results show the highest variability of soil properties in the biotope of Fageta paupera, especially in its holorganic (H) and organomineral (A) horizons. Furthermore, regression analysis showed the strongest dependence of the variability of soil properties in the biotope of Fageta paupera. Keywords: Fageta paupera, soil, variability of soil properties Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 185-191 Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/66/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/66/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201105-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:5:id:66-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Gömöry Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: L. Paule Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: E. Gömöryová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Title: Effects of microsite variation on growth and adaptive traits in a beech provenance trial Abstract: ABSTRACT: The effects of the within-trial spatial variation of environmental factors on phenotypic traits were studied in the Slovak plot of the international beech provenance trial coordinated by BFH Grosshansdorf with 32 provenances, established under a randomized complete block design with three adjacent blocks. Five indicators of soil properties (soil moisture, bulk density and pH) and microclimate (average daily temperature and temperature amplitude) were assessed at 96 points distributed over a 10 × 10 m grid and their values for the positions of individual trees were estimated by ordinary point kriging. The evaluation of phenotypic variation (height, diameter, Julian days of spring flushing and autumn leaf discoloration, vegetation period length, late frost damage) using a common two-way analysis of variance showed a significant provenance × block interaction effect indicating the heterogeneity of blocks. Analysis of covariance using single-tree kriging estimates of environmental variables as covariates showed that in addition to provenance, all phenotypic traits were significantly affected by microsite, especially by temperature fluctuation. Employing methods incorporating the spatial component in the evaluation of tree breeding field experiments is advocated. Keywords: experimental design, Fagus sylvatica, geostatistics, microsite variation, provenance research, spatial variation Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 192-199 Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/88/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/88/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201105-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:5:id:88-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Kuneš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Koňasová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Balcar Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Baláš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Zahradník Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Kacálek Author-Workplace-Name: Opočno Research Station, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Opočno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Vítámvás Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Jakl Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Jaklová Dytrtová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Growth response of Alnus viridis to application of crushed limestone and amphibolite and forestry potential of the species in harsh acidic mountain sites Abstract: An experiment with seedlings of Alnus viridis was established on a clear-felled tract situated on a summit tableland of the Jizerské hory Mts. (central Europe, Czech Republic) at an altitude of 980 m a.s.l. The aims of the experiment were (i) to evaluate the response of A. viridis to the application of a basic mixture containing crushed limestone and amphibolite and (ii) to assess the growth potential of the species in a poor acidic site under climatically harsh conditions. Alnus viridis showed a good growth performance and survival rate, its initial response to fertilization was positive. The height growth and expansion of crowns were slightly but significantly stimulated by the treatment, the survival rate was also increased, though not significantly. The amendment application temporarily increased the foliar Ca and Mg concentrations. The content of foliar P, of the most deficient macroelement, was not improved by the treatment. However, the positive effect of fertilization was short-lasting and unconvincing from the aspect of practical use. In the second half of the reference period the control started to gain on the fertilized variant and as for mean height and crown diameter, both variants got almost equalized eight growing seasons after the treatment. Keywords: Alnus alnobetula, amelioration, Duschekia alnobetula, initial fertilizing, Jizerské hory Mts Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 200-209 Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/72/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/72/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201105-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:5:id:72-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Kula Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Menšík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Earthworms (Lumbricidae) of an air-polluted area affected by ameliorative liming Abstract: The study was aimed at the area of the Krušné hory Mts. with stands of substitute species, soils disturbed by long-term acidification and affected repeatedly by aerial ameliorative liming. Ten species of earthworms were recorded. The highest abundance was shown by earthworms of Dendrobaena attemsi, Dendrobaena octaedra and Dendrobaena vejdovskyi, which are considered to be acidotolerant being, however, monitored in the high and balanced abundance at pH 2.8-6.2. Ubiquitous species developed in soils of markedly lower pH, viz. Lumbricus rubellus (2.8-5.6), Aporrectodea caliginosa (3.1-5.5), and Octolasion lacteum (3.2-5.2). Dendrobaena attemsi responded positively to low saturation of the base-exchange complex, low C/N ratio and high content of phosphorus, and negatively to the high level of calcium. D. octaedra responded positively to the higher level of calcium and D. vejdovskyi to the higher content of potassium. Keywords: forest ecosystem, Krušné hory Mts., liming, Lumbricidae, soil chemistry Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 210-218 Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/17/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/17/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201105-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:5:id:17-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kamler Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Turek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Homolka Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Baňař Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Protection, Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Barančeková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Heroldová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Krojerová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Suchomel Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Purchart Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Inventory of rodent damage to forests Abstract: Conversion of coniferous monocultures to more stable mixed stands is one of the crucial tasks of present forestry in the Czech Republic. One of the factors hampering this process is the activity of small rodents that can cause severe damage to young plantations in winter. Little knowledge is still available of the ecology of small mammals in the forest environment and of the factors influencing their distribution and extent of damage. In order to acquire relevant information on rodent impacts on forest regeneration, we mapped the cumulated damage to forest plantations in 13 regions within the Czech Republic in 2007 and 2008. We checked 19,650 trees of eight species on 393 plots. Broadleaves were affected by browsing much more than conifers (20% and 4%, respectively). Of the monitored species, beech was damaged the most frequently (26% individuals). Browsing intensity differed among the regions (6-60% browsed individuals). The least damaged were the plantations at the altitudes below 400 m a.s.l.; on higher located plots the browsing intensity showed no trend. The proportion of damaged trees increased with plantation age up to 6 years, then it did not vary significantly. This study has confirmed that rodents are an important factor with a negative influence on the regeneration of broadleaves. Bark browsing in young trees is affected by several factors and the prediction of damage is complicated. Further research should improve the prediction of the bark browsing threat to young plantations and at the same time the efficiency of protection against rodent-caused damage. Keywords: bank vole, field vole, bark damage, forest protection Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 219-225 Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/115/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/115/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201105-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:5:id:115-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Vichrová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Vavrčík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Gryc Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Menšík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Preliminary study on phloemogenesis in Norway spruce: influence of age and selected environmental factors Abstract: The process of phloem formation in Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) was analysed during the growing season 2009 in Rájec-Němčice locality (Czech Republic). The research series consisted of research plots with 34 and 105 years old spruce monocultures. The formation of phloem cells was determined by the examination of small increment cores taken once a week. Cross-sections of tissues were studied under a light microscope. Cambium activation was observed on 9 April both in young and old trees. On the same date the first newly formed cells of early phloem were observed in old trees but in young trees one week later. Although the time of early phloem formation was 14 days longer in old trees, there were no large differences in the numbers of formed cells. The beginning of the longitudinal axial parenchyma formation was determined in young trees on May 14. In old trees this activity was seen a week later. The influence of air temperature and soil moisture was also analysed in relation to phloemogenesis. Keywords: cambium, environmental factors, influence of age, light microscopy, Norway spruce (Picea abies), phloem formation Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 226-232 Volume: 57 Issue: 5 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1836-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1836-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201105-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:5:id:1836-JFS