Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Rejšek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Holčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Kuráž Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Irrigation, Drainage and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Dundek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Formánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Vranová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Saturated hydraulic conductance of forest soils affected by track harvesters Abstract: The exact data from the field of soil mechanics from specific forest stands exposed to forestry mechanization operation were obtained. Field surveys were performed on four study plots within the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise, Masaryk Forest, followed by laboratory analyses of the collected soil samples aimed at evaluation of the impacts of Zetor 7245 Horal System, PONSSE ERGO 16 harvester and Gremo 950 forwarder on the compaction of upper soil horizons as well as on the dynamics of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. A specific objective of the performed investigation was to assess the influence of the used hauling/skidding technology on measurable parameters of soil mechanics with the emphasis on a possibility to apply the Guelph permeameter for direct study of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. In the measurement points affected by machinery operation, the impact of the changed soil structure on the values of saturated conductivity is very well noticeable - on study plots No. 3 and 4, the values decreased by one order of magnitude from 0.7 × 10-5 m.s-1 to 0.09 × 10-5 m.s-1: specifically, (i) on study plot No. 3 and from 6.9 × 10-5 m.s-1 to 0.7 × 10-5 m.s-1, and (ii) on study plot No. 4; on study plot No. 2 even by two orders, i.e. from 1.6 × 10-5 m.s-1 up to 0.03 × 10-5 m.s-1. After the operation of a universal wheeled tractor at the Babice nad Svitavou locality, the situation partially improved by one order to 0.3 × 10-5 m.s-1, similarly like at the Rudice locality to 1.5 × 10-5 m.s-1. Significant changes were found in both surface and subsurface horizons. Field-saturated hydraulic conductivity indicates also a reduction of the pore volume after machinery traffic; however, tendencies towards restoration of the original state were detectable as soon as after six months. Keywords: forest soil, saturated hydraulic conductivity, hauling technology, Guelph permeameter Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 321-339 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/6/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201108-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:8:id:6-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Qi Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Q. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: W. Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: H. Ding Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: X. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: L. Qi Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Y. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: S. Li Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: L. Dai Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Title: Moisture effect on carbon and nitrogen mineralization in topsoil of Changbai Mountain, Northeast China Abstract: Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve (1,985 km2 and 2,734 m a.s.l.) of Northeast China is a typical ecosystem representing the temperate biosphere. The vegetation is vertically divided into 4 dominant zones: broadleaved Korean pine forest (annual temperature 2.32°C, annual precipitation 703.62 mm), dark coniferous forest (annual temperature -1.78°C, annual precipitation 933.67 mm), Erman's birch forest (annual temperature -2.80°C, annual precipitation 1,002.09 mm) and Alpine tundra (annual temperature -3.82°C, annual precipitation 1,075.53 mm). Studies of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralization have attracted wide attention in the context of global climate change. Based on the data of a 42-day laboratory incubation experiment, this paper investigated the relationship between soil moisture and mineralization of C and N in soils with different vegetation types on the northern slope of the Natural Reserve Zone of Changbai Mountain. The elevation influence on soil C and N mineralization was also discussed. The results indicated that for the given vegetation type of Changbai Mountain the C and N mineralization rate, potential mineralizable C (C0) and potential rate of initial C mineralization (C0k) all increased as the soil moisture rose. The elevation or vegetation type partially affected the soil C and N mineralization but without a clear pattern. The moisture-elevation interaction significantly affected soil C and NO3--N mineralization, but the effect on NH4+-N mineralization was not significant. The complex mechanism of their impact on the soil C and N mineralization of Changbai Mountain remains to be studied further based on data of field measurements in the future. Keywords: soil moisture, soil C and N mineralization, incubation experiment, Changbai Mountain, Northeast China Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 340-348 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/56/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201108-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:8:id:56-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Repáč Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Forestry Faculty, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: A. Tučeková Author-Workplace-Name: National Forestry Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: I. Sarvašová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Forestry Faculty, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: J. Vencurik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Forestry Faculty, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Title: Survival and growth of outplanted seedlingsof selected tree species on the High Tatra Mts. windthrow area after the first growing season Abstract: Bareroot and containerized seedlings (seedling type) of Norway spruce, Scots pine, European larch, European beech, and sycamore maple were outplanted in autumn 2008 and in spring 2009. Roots of a half of the seedlings were dipped into the commercial fungal product Ectovit prior to spring outplanting. Fifty seedlings were planted for each tree species and seedling type in each of 3 treatments (Autumn, Spring, Spring+Ectovit) and 3 replications (4,500 seedlings in total). Eighty-one per cent of containerized and 75% of bareroot seedlings (most - 89% of bareroot spruce, least - 59% of bareroot pine seedlings) survived after the first growing season. Planting time and Ectovit did not have a marked effect on survival, with the exception of the lower survival of containerized beech and spruce in autumn than in spring. The most extensive damage caused by game and mechanical weed control was found out in both broadleaves; most of the dry leading shoots occurred in beech. Besides beech, higher annual height increment of seedlings was observed in autumn than in spring planting time. Effect of Ectovit on seedling growth was not obvious. Keywords: reforestation, outplanting time, fungal inoculation, bareroot seedlings, containerized seedlings Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 349-358 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/130/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/130/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201108-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:8:id:130-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Březina Author-Workplace-Name: Training Forest Enterprise of Masaryk Forest in Křtiny (special-purpose facility of Mendel University in Brno), Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Dobrovolný Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Natural regeneration of sessile oak under different light conditions Abstract: Different variants of regeneration felling or different light conditions (total site factor 15-95%) and weed control were evaluated in relation to the 4-year development of individuals of regenerated sessile oak. The regeneration density is not dependent on light conditions. The highest mortality occurs on the open area of clear felling. For a certain time in youth, it is possible to consider oak as a shade-tolerating species. With the increasing light intensity the diameter and height growth of oak seedlings increases proportionally, being the highest at 100% light intensity. However, to support at least medium-fast growth, the species requires minimally 50% light intensity (smaller closed clear-felled areas). On the other hand, more extensive unprotected cleared areas appear to be quite unsuitable at the initial stages of regeneration. The positive effect of weed control on the success and growth of natural regeneration is questionable. We recommend developing the regenerated stand by means of a series of small-area (about ≤ 0.3 ha) two-stage felling with a medium-long regeneration period (15-20 years). Keywords: sessile oak, natural regeneration, light conditions, close-to-nature forest management Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 359-368 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/12/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/12/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201108-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:8:id:12-2011-JFS