Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Bošeľa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Inventory and Management, National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: R. Petráš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Inventory and Management, National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Name: Š. Šmelko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Inventory and Management, National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia Title: Site classification vs. wood production: a case study based on Silver fir growth dynamics in the Western Carpathians Abstract: We analysed wood production on an example of Silver fir growth ability within site units defined in the site classification that is currently used in the Western Carpathians. It has arisen as a very important issue, since the site units have been widely used in forestry practice and, moreover, it represents one of the input variables of growth model. Research plots established for development of a yield model for Silver fir in the sixties were used. The Korf growth equation was used to model the Silver fir growth, since it showed the best fit to the data compared to other equations. The test of residual variance of the growth models and the test of regression coefficients of the growth models were employed to investigate the differences in top-height growth of Silver fir occurring on different sites. Results showed a very high variability of the top height development within the site units. Nevertheless, two main groups of sites being different from each other were recognized. But, significant differences in the height growth of fir between site units were found mainly in mature stands starting at the age of 60, which could be due to different soil depth and nutrient regime. Lastly, discussions about the approaches to site classifications all over the world showed many alternatives used to develop a classification scheme with different and in many cases unknown precision, and thus there is a need for the objectivity of classification. Keywords: Western Carpathians, site classification, production potential, Silver fir, growth model Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 409-421 Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/34/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/34/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201110-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:10:id:34-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Hlásny Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecology and Biodiversity of Forest Ecosystems, National Forest Centre - Forest Research Institute, Zvolen, Slovakia Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Holuša Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Štěpánek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Turčáni Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: N. Polčák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Science, Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia Title: Expected impacts of climate change on forests: Czech Republic as a case study Abstract: We provide fundamental information about the future development of selected climate elements in relation to anticipated threat to forests in the Czech Republic. All analyses were carried out in relation to four elevation zones with specific potential forest vegetation - up to 350 m a.s.l. (oak dominance), 350-600 m a.s.l. (beech dominance), 600-900 m a.s.l. (beech-fir dominance), 900-1,100 m a.s.l. (spruce dominance). We found out that while the projected increase in mean annual air temperature is almost constant over the Czech Republic (+3.25-3.5°C in the distant future), the frequency of heat spells at lower elevations is expected to increase dramatically compared to higher elevations. The precipitation totals during the vegetation season are projected to increase in the near future by up to 10% and to decrease in the distant future by up to 10% over all vegetation zones. In general, drought is presumed to become a key limiting factor at lower elevations, while increased temperature along with the prolonged vegetation season at higher elevations can be beneficial to forest vegetation. Consequently, northward progression of forest tree species and retraction of the species lower distribution range are a generic response pattern. Such impacts are presumed to be accompanied by changes in the distribution and population dynamics of pests and pathogens. Mainly the impacts on two key forest pests, Ips typographus and Lymantria dispar, are discussed. Keywords: elevation zones, drought stress, heat spells, forest growth and distribution, forest pests and pathogens Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 422-431 Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/103/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/103/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201110-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:10:id:103-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K.K. Islam Author-Workplace-Name: MFN Forest and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Policy Laboratory, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Higashi, Fukuoka, Japan Author-Name: S. Patricia Author-Workplace-Name: MFN Forest and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands Author-Name: Y. Rinchen Author-Workplace-Name: MFN Forest and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands Title: Broadleaved regeneration dynamics in the Pine plantation Abstract: In an Island of the Netherlands, Pine (Pinus nigra) was planted to stabilize the dunes and to protect the arable lands from the blowing sand. This research was conducted to understand the most important environmental factors responsible for a vegetation change in the Pine plantation and effect of this change on the rare orchid population: Goodyera repens and Listera cordata. Vegetation sampling was carried out according to the Braun-Blanquet phytosociologic method within the three sites of this Island. Twinspan analysis confirmed the definition of three site types and redundancy analysis showed a significant difference between the pure Pine stands and the plots with regeneration. The results revealed that the most significant explanatory variables were litter cover, broadleaved tree cover, and shrub cover indicating the vegetation change under the Pine plantation. The abundance of Goodyera repens is strongly associated with the Pine forest and negatively related to broadleaved cover. Listera cordata could apparently cope with vegetation change. Controlling the herbaceous layer in the Pine plantation can promote the orchid population but on the contrary, promoting the natural regeneration of broadleaved species might endanger them. Keywords: broadleaved regeneration, pine plantation, management, orchids, Terschelling Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 432-438 Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/78/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/78/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201110-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:10:id:78-2010-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Rejšek Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Buchar Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Vaníček Author-Workplace-Name: Geotechnical Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Hromádko Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Vranová Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Marosz Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Results of dynamic penetration test - an indicator of the compaction of surface soil horizons by forestry machinery Abstract: The objective of research was, on the basis of the exactly predefined input parameters of upper soil horizons of selected forest soils, to perform accurate measurements of the impact of soil loading by tested forestry machinery using the dynamic penetration test. The measurements by the dynamic penetration test in conditions changed by the wheel traffic of forestry mechanization were performed at three localities of the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise, Masaryk Forest, a special-purpose facility of Mendel University in Brno. The dynamic penetration test was performed with a lightweight dynamic penetrometer. The methodology of the research is based on assessing the ability of soils to resist dynamic penetration of a rod with a cone, in relation to their lithological composition and physicomechanical properties; the measurement itself is defined by the ISO 22476-2 (2005) standard. Penetrometer measurements were repeated in the period after a harvesting operation and again 6 months later, i.e. in October 2007, April 2008 and October 2008. The results of the field dynamic penetration test and the results of laboratory testing of main soil physical parameters are presented in figures and tables. Besides the naturally variable soil compaction on geologically different substrates, the obtained original results document differences in the impact of particular forestry machines. In conditions of the identical geological substrate, the results indicate that the universal wheeled tractor had a more negative influence on the compaction of surface soil horizons compared to the multi-axle harvester and the forwarder. Keywords: dynamic penetration test, soil compaction, soil mechanics, lightweight dynamic penetrometer Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 439-450 Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201110-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:10:id:4-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kadavý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Kneifl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Knott Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Establishment and selected characteristics of the Hády coppice and coppice-with-standards forest research plot (TARMAG I) Abstract: The paper deals with the establishment of the coppice and coppice-with-standards research object under the project Biodiversity and Target Management of Endangered and Protected Species in Coppices and Coppices-with-Standards Included in the System of NATURA 2000. It summarizes reasoning which preceded the selection of the site and provides a detailed description of the methodology of experimental site establishment. It specifies the rules of felling which was planned with the objective to simulate the impact of coppice and coppice-with-standards on biodiversity of endangered and protected species. It also describes the stand condition prior to and after the implemented felling, with additional emphasis on coppice-with-standards. Individual felling variants which were implemented were characterized by varying felling intensity. Close attention is paid to the evaluation of standards which is expressed by a system of score classes. Keywords: biodiversity, coppice, coppice-with-standards, conversion, NATURA 2000 Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 451-458 Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3233-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3233-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201110-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:10:id:3233-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Naghdi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran Author-Name: A.M. Jalali Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran Author-Name: K. Mohamadi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran Author-Name: M. Akbarimehr Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran Title: Effects of selection and shelterwood method on quality and quantity of trees along skid trails in beech (Fagus orientalis, Lipsky) forests Abstract: The effects of two silvicultural methods on quality and quantity of forest trees (along skid trails) were studied. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of shelterwood and selection methods on forest stand, and to compare the results with intact stand. Asalem forests were selected for this research. The belt transects of 10 × 100 m were used to collect the data. The plots were classified as those with low traffic, medium traffic, high traffic and control. The analysis of data showed that the degree of damage to forest stand, quality and quantity of trees on control plots was lower than along skid trails. In addition, there was a significant difference between high-quality trees in the two methods (P = 0.007). Furthermore, silvicultural methods showed significant differences in skewness and plummeting of low-quality trees (P = 0.014). In general, it can be concluded that trees in selection method were in better shape than those in shelterwood method related to quantity parameters. The results suggest that the damage caused by a silvicultural method can be reduced by using better methods and pre-harvest planning. Keywords: skid trail, shelterwood method, selection system, beech forests, tree quality, tree quantity Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 459-465 Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/132/2010-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/132/2010-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201110-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:10:id:132-2010-JFS