Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Index Volume 57 Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: I-V Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/4434-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4434-JFS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:4434-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Čada Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Structure and origin of mountain Norway spruce in the Bohemian Forest Abstract: Information on the historical background of the present forest conditions is needed for proper decisions on forest management. Disturbances play a major role in the formation of forest structure and composition. This paper compares the present break-up of mountain spruce stands in the Bohemian Forest (in the Šumava Protected Landscape Area) with conditions during their initiation using dendrochronological techniques. On three selected localities we established two study plots within relatively old stands of unknown origin. Stands were recently broken up by a windstorm. The present situation was described by diameter and decay class distribution. To describe the situation at the stand initiation, we cored at least 40 stems on each plot to get the age structure and growth series of trees. Disturbances were marked by discovering synchronous releases on tree-ring series. Main population waves were initiated in association with severe disturbances during a relatively short period, leading to the establishment of relatively even-aged, homogeneously looking stands. The disturbances were synchronized between plots and accounted for by historically known windstorms or bark beetle outbreaks; notwithstanding, logging as a disturbance factor is also particularly possible. Keywords: dendroecology, natural disturbance, Picea abies (L.) Karst., regeneration, stand dynamics, disturbance history Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 523-535 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/31/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/31/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201112-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:31-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kneifl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kadavý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Knott Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Gross value yield potential of coppice, high forest and model conversion of high forest to coppice on best sites Abstract: Based on yield tables for oak high forest and oak coppice (both first site class) and using assortment tables and assortment prices in the Czech Republic in 2009, a set of variants of conversion of high forest to coppice was simulated. Average annual cut and average gross value of annual cut of such conversions were compared with those of well-established (in terms of the age structure balance) variants of coppice and high forest. Under the existing ratio of assortment prices, established coppice does not reach the gross value yield of high forest. No variant of simulated conversions was more financially profitable than the initial high forest. Furthermore, we found out that a +16.8% increase of the current fuel wood price would counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the best coppice and the worst oak high forest variant. On the other hand, a +164.7% fuel wood price increase would be necessary to counterbalance the mean annual increment of gross value of the worst coppice and the best high forest variants. Keywords: conversion, coppice, high forest, oak, average annual cut, average gross value yiel Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 536-546 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/32/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/32/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201112-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:32-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Slugeňová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Ditmarová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Kurjak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Váľka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Drought and aluminium as stress factors in Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings Abstract: Effects of drought, Al and their possible interaction on physiological characteristics were studied in four-years-old Norway spruce seedlings in a pot experiment. Drought stress was imposed by withholding irrigation. Al was applied to the soil as an AlCl3 solution at a concentration of 1,500 μmol.l-1. Water deficit caused a decrease in needle water potential, net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and an increase in proline accumulation. On the other hand, water potential, Pn and proline concentration in seedlings subjected to Al remained unchanged. During the experiment, no significant variation was registered in the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Chlorophyll content was significantly reduced in the Al presence. Drought led to a lower Al accumulation in needles in comparison with well-watered seedlings. Progressive dehydration influenced the physiological state of spruce seedlings. The presence of Al in soil did not cause any negative changes in the physiological parameters under an optimal water regime. By contrast, the synergic effect of drought and Al induced the most marked changes in measured characteristics, which may indicate a possible enhanced impact of drought and Al interaction in comparison with the single effect of these stress factors. Keywords: drought, aluminium, proline, water potential, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 547-554 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/30/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/30/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201112-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:30-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Repáč Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Vencurik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Balanda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Testing of microbial additives in the rooting of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stem cuttings Abstract: Laboratory-produced alginate-bead inoculum of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi Cortinarius sp. and Gomphidius glutinosus, fungal commercial products ECtovit® and Trichomil®, bacterial commercial product BactoFil B®, and commercial rooting stimulator Vetozen® were applied to a peat-perlite (1:2, v:v) rooting substrate of Norway spruce stem cuttings collected from 4-year-old nursery-grown seedlings immediately before the insertion of cuttings into the substrate. The application of beads free of fungi and the substrate without an additive were the other treatments. The cuttings were rooted in vessels (60 cuttings per vessel, 180 per treatment) placed in a glasshouse and arranged in a randomized complete block design. The cuttings were estimated for one growing season (approximately for 26 weeks) after their insertion into the rooting substrate. Rooting % of the cuttings ranged from 45 (mycelium-free beads) to 75 (control) according to treatments, 64 on average. No significant differences among treatments were found in % of ECM morphotypes, total ECM colonization of roots (%), and growth parameters of shoots and roots of the cuttings. The applied microbial additives were not sufficiently efficient to form treatment-related ectomycorrhizas that were formed by naturally occurring ECM fungi. Inoculation by the ECM fungus Cortinarius sp. and application of Trichomil had a partial stimulative effect on the shoot growth of cuttings. Shoot and root growth parameters were not significantly correlated with total ECM colonization, except for a negative dependence of the root number in Trichomil treatment. A higher concentration of K but lower concentrations of Ca and Mg in Ectovit treatment than in the other treatments were detected. Keywords: rooting of cuttings, microbial additives, ectomycorrhizal inoculation, Picea abies (L.) Karst Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 555-564 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/21/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/21/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201112-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:21-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Parsakhoo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran Author-Name: S. A. Hosseini Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran Author-Name: M. R. Ghaffariyan Author-Workplace-Name: Research Fellow, Harvesting and Operations, CRC Forestry, University of Tasmania, Australia Title: Economics of a hydraulic hammer for forest road construction in a mountainous area Abstract: This research deals with productivity and cost of rock disintegration and side casting of materials with the use of a hydraulic hammer mounted on a PC 220 Komatsu crawler excavator, which is used on rocky slopes of Hyrcanian forests of Iran. A continuing time study was applied during the road construction. To estimate the volume of rock disintegration, the average end area equation was used. The increasing cut-slope height decreased productivity. The productivity of hydraulic hammer averaged at 5.5 m3.h-1 for the mean work volume of 5.07 m3.m-1. The unit cost of the system was 7.7 €.m-3. From the economic point of view a new machine with multipurpose system could be recommended for forest road construction operations in rocky areas. Keywords: hydraulic hammer, rock disintegration, cut slope, productivity, costs Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 565-573 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/59/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/59/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201112-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:59-2011-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Kminiak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Wood Working, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Š. Barcík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Wood Processing, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Possibilities of homogenization of the kerf width created by the technology of abrasive water-jet cutting Abstract: The paper deals with the possibilities of homogenization of the kerf width by proper choice of the respective feed rate and abrasive mass flow for particular models of cutting. The introductory part is devoted to reasons for the kerf width variability in dependence on the models of cutting, as well as to the methods of determining the kerf width in cutting of solid wood by abrasive water jet. In the conclusion are presented the results concerning the development of kerf width in the range of commonly used feed rates and abrasive mass flows. Keywords: kerf width, influence of feed rate, influence of abrasive mass flow Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 574-579 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/61/2011-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2011-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201112-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:61-2011-JFS