Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Podrázský Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Martiník Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Matějka Author-Workplace-Name: IDS, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Viewegh Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effects of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) on understorey layer species diversity in managed forests Abstract: In total, 67 parallel plots were chosen from the database of 153 phytosociological relevés made in the Douglas-fir and parallel Norway spruce, European Beech and oak-dominated stands to find influences of this introduced tree species on the understorey layer in totally 12 localities in the whole Czech Republic territory. Douglas-fir stands influence their habitats, which was indicated by species composition changes in the ground vegetation, as well as by abundance and dominance of particular species. Douglas-fir cultivation increases species diversity of the stands, but decreases their abundance. Described differences in understorey are not so noticeable when European beech and sessile oak stands are substituted by Douglas-fir once. But even the significant phenomenon of striking nitrophilous species such as Geranium robertianum, Urtica dioica and Galium aparine occurs here. This indicates a high content of available nitrates in the humus and top-soil horizons. Keywords: species community composition, nitrification, ruderalization, species introduction Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 263-271 Volume: 60 Issue: 7 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/49/2014-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2014-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201407-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:60:y:2014:i:7:id:49-2014-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Macháček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Dvořák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Ježek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Zahradník Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Impact of interspecific relations between native red deer (Cervus elaphus) and introduced sika deer (Cervus nippon) on their rutting season in the Doupovské hory Mts. Abstract: The behaviour of sika and red deer during the rutting season is highly variable in relation to vocalization, habitat preference during the rut, and onset and termination of rutting. The red deer is a native species in Central Europe, but the areas where it lives in sympatry with the introduced sika deer have been increasing in the last three decades. Such situation can be found in the Doupovské hory Mts., where sika deer has been intensively spreading. Hybridization between the two species and changes in behaviour are the most important problems. In this study we prove the shift in the rutting period shown by both species. To evaluate the shift in the rutting season, we used a very extensive long-term data set on deer shot within the Military Training Area. These changes occur very slowly, however, and are very difficult to monitor and evaluate in the wild. Based on our results, the timing of the rutting season has converged at the mean rate of 0.62 day per year (rutting season starts later in the red deer and earlier in the sika deer). Keywords: shooting date, population density, military area, game management Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 272-280 Volume: 60 Issue: 7 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/47/2014-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/47/2014-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201407-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:60:y:2014:i:7:id:47-2014-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Martiník Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Houšková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Palátová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno Czech Republic Title: Germination and emergence response of specific Douglas fir seed lot to different temperatures and prechilling duration Abstract: One of the critical points of Douglas fir seedling production is to optimize the time of sowing and length of pre-sowing treatment. Germination and emergence of Douglas fir seed lot of the Czech origin (CZ-2-2A-DG-1740-6-3-P) were observed in simulated warm and cold conditions in two phytotrons for 3 months. Before this procedure the seeds were exposed to different prechilling duration. The temperature in control conditions of phytotrons was stable for 28 days and then it was increased: 11, 13, 17°C in cold phytotron and 13, 17, 20°C in the warm phytotron. Seeds without stratification and stratified for 3, 5, 7, 9 and 16 weeks were tested. The laboratory germination capacity of non-stratified seeds was only 58% and it was significantly (P < 0.05, Tukey's test) lower than in stratification treatments when it varied from 92% to 96%. Non-stratified seeds did not germinate in cold phytotron and they germinated very slowly (germination rate at the end of experiment was 7%) in warm phytotron. The germination capacity of seeds both in the phytotron and in the laboratory was observed in treatments with prechilling of seeds longer than 7 weeks in warm conditions and only for seeds after 16 weeks of prechilling in cold conditions. The highest emergence rate of seeds (84%) was found in the warm phytotron after 16 weeks of stratification. Comparable results were reached only for 9 weeks of stratification in the same phytotron. The results suggest that the prolongation of the standard 3-week prechilling period helps to increase germination capacity and emergence rate of seeds. Future research should focus on optimal length with regard to more seed lots and also on seedling quality parameters. Keywords: stratification, capacity, emergence rate Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 281-287 Volume: 60 Issue: 7 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/11/2014-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11/2014-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201407-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:60:y:2014:i:7:id:11-2014-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Petkova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: M. Georgieva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Entomology, Phytopathology and Game Fauna, Forest Research Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: M. Uzunov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria Title: Investigation of Douglas-fir provenance test in North-Western Bulgaria at the age of 24 years Abstract: A comparative analysis of growth rate and health condition of 54 Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) provenances was conducted at the age of 24 years. The provenance test was established in 1990 with 3-year-old (3+0) seedlings planted in a 2 × 2 m plot design and two replications. The provenances which were studied originated from North America and were separated into coastal, continental and Western Cascade groups. In 2011 the growth rate was studied in terms of height, diameter at breast height and stem volume. The health condition was assessed by the evidence of symptoms and degree of defoliation caused by the fungi Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii (Rohde) Petrak and Rhabdocline pseudotsugae (Syd.). The provenances Newhalem, Darrington, Idanha and Bremerton were characterized by the most rapid growth, highest productivity and lower susceptibility to both fungal pathogens. These Douglas-fir provenances were recommended for future afforestation in Bulgaria. Ten continental provenances should be excluded from future afforestation because of their lowest growth rate and productivity and high susceptibility to P. gaeumannii and R. pseudotsugae. Keywords: adaptation, Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii, provenances, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Rhabdocline pseudotsugae, tree growth Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 288-296 Volume: 60 Issue: 7 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/12/2014-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/12/2014-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201407-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:60:y:2014:i:7:id:12-2014-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Pulkrab Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry Economics and Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Sloup Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Management Institute, Brandýs nad Labem, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Zeman Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Management Institute, Brandýs nad Labem, Czech Republic Title: Economic Impact of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic Abstract: The article addresses the issues of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic (CR). Our analysis shows that the tree species can occupy 149,616-163,713 ha in the CR (with respect to ecological limits set by the Czech legislation). The potential economic effect expressed by the gross yield of forest production might be higher by 27-30 million EUR.yr-1. The results of the analysis support the forest owners' interest to extend Douglas-fir production in the CR, similarly like it has been extended systematically in all European countries where natural conditions allow. Keywords: forest production cost, forest production efficiency, gross yield of forest production, production value, yield of forest production Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 297-306 Volume: 60 Issue: 7 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/27/2014-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/27/2014-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201407-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:60:y:2014:i:7:id:27-2014-JFS