Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ladislav HOLÍK Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague 6-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana ROSÍKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Soil Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Valerie VRANOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Geology and Soil Science, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of thinning on the amount of mineral nitrogen Abstract: The soil nitrogen cycle and the dynamics of its transformation are closely related to the functioning of the forest ecosystem. This cycle, and the availability of nitrogen as a necessary nutrient in the soil, can be influenced by the process of thinning. The aim of this study is to describe the impact of silvicultural measures on the content of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in forest soil. Attention is paid to the organic (spruce treatments) and organomineral horizon (beech treatments) in which the transformation of soil nitrogen is most pronounced. Spruce treatments at the Rájec-Němčice area and beech stands at the Březina area, both in the region of Drahanská vrchovina (Czech Republic), were selected for the experiments. Two variants of thinning thinning from below and thinning from above, were performed in the spruce treatments, and thinning from above was performed in the beech treatments. Control variants with no silvicultural measures were defined in both treatments. The amount of ammonium nitrogen in the spruce treatments with thinning from above was in most cases higher than in the other variants. On the contrary, in variant with thinning from below, the ammonium nitrogen content decreased. In terms of the nitrate nitrogen content, the values were generally higher for variants with silvicultural measures than for the control variants. In the beech treatments, the amount of ammonium nitrogen increased and, on the contrary, there was a small decrease in the amount of nitrate nitrogen due to the effect of thinning from above. The differences between thinning from above and the control variants in the beech treatments were less noticeable than in the spruce treatments. Overall, however, it can be said that the nitrogen content available to the vegetation increased. The results of the given experiment provide insight into the trends of nitrogen mineralization intensity in stands in which silvicultural measures are performed. Keywords: nitrogen mineralization, forest management, Norway spruce, European beech Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 289-295 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/5/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201807-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:5-2018-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Morteza DINI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Logging Machinery, Forest Roads and Timber Production Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Belarusian State Technological University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus Author-Name: Mehrdad NIKOOY Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran Author-Name: Michael Trofimovich NASKOVETS Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Logging Machinery, Forest Roads and Timber Production Technology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Belarusian State Technological University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus Author-Name: Alireza GHOMI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran Title: Experimental investigation of vertical and horizontal reinforcement geotextiles in forest road pavement Abstract: In this research, the results of an experimental survey on the measurement of vertical stresses are presented. Four treatments were used in this study such as combination of geotextile vertical and horizontal structure with dimensions of 5 × 5 and 10 × 10 cm, horizontal geotextile and the treatment without geotextile. Five sensors were installed in different hole locations and the lead of the truck traffic was transmitted by cables to data logging and recording devices to measure the pressure from vehicle traffic on the simulated pavement layer. Mean comparison of the treatments showed that the geotextile with vertical and horizontal structure and dimensions of 5 × 5 cm exerted the lowest pressure on the lower layers compared with the other treatments and there was a significant difference between the value of this treatment and the other treatments and that this treatment could significantly reduce the pressure of truck traffic on the forest road. Keywords: vertical stresses, treatments, sensors, measure of pressure, layer Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 296-302 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/154/2017-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/154/2017-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201807-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:154-2017-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Petra HLAVÁČKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Wood Products Economics and Policy, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Hana SLOVÁČKOVÁ Author-Name: David BŘEZINA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Wood Products Economics and Policy, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jakub MICHAL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Wood Products Economics and Policy, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of results of visitor arrival monitoring using regression analysis Abstract: Monitoring of visitor arrivals is one of the tools which help to ensure good-quality and suitable management of the respective area. This paper is aimed at the monitoring of visitor arrivals when the visitors are counted automatically using a field counting device, namely a pyroelectric sensor. In 2015, visitor arrival monitoring using a pyro sensor was conducted on the selected forest roads in the Křtiny Training Forest Enterprise of Masaryk Forest. Since this method should be employed in another project, it was necessary to find out whether the pyroelectric sensor is a reliable tool and whether it can be used for further research. The aim of this paper is to perform a regression analysis of the data collected at the selected site in order to determine whether the pyroelectric sensor provides relevant information. Two data sets acquired during the first week of the monitoring of visitor arrivals at the single site will be compared. The one set includes data obtained by automatic monitoring using the pyro sensor, the other set contains data gained by means of manual counting by students of the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology. Two directions of visitor flows were monitored - in and out. The data were statistically processed using the ADSTAT software. Results of the regression analysis show that the results of the visitor arrival monitoring carried out using a pyro sensor differ just slightly from those gained by manual counting. Keywords: recreation, forest roads, economy, statistical processing, pyro sensor Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 303-312 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/20/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/20/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201807-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:20-2018-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ayoob REZAEE MOTLAQ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Author-Name: Aidin PARSAKHOO Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Author-Name: Kamran ADELI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, Iran Author-Name: Mohamad Hadi MOAYERI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Title: The influence of rural road development on forest extent changes over the three time periods: A case study of Chegeni region, Lorestan province Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the development of road quality (surfacing condition and road type) and road quantity (road density and distance to main road) on forest extent changes in a region in Zagros forests of Iran over the three time periods of 1960s, 2000s and 2010s. Ranks of 1 to 5 were assigned to road quality. Forest extent changes were analysed on digital aerial photo mosaic. The Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to test the relationship between the road parameters and forest extent changes. Results showed that rural-forest road network has more influence on settlement development. Forest extent was correlated negatively with the road quality. Moreover, there were more disturbances to native forests closer to roads. It was concluded that forest cover decrease was associated with physical parameters including access to roads, cultivation practices, road quality and settlement development. Keywords: road density, surfacing quality, forest cover, cultivation, aerial photo mosaic Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 313-318 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/34/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/34/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201807-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:34-2018-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fei WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China Author-Name: XU Yilu Author-Workplace-Name: Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia Author-Name: Xiaodong YANG Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China Author-Name: Yanju LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia Author-Name: LV Guang-Hui Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Urumqi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China Author-Name: Shengtian YANG Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Resources and Environment Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China Title: Soil water potential determines the presence of hydraulic lift of Populus euphratica Olivier across growing seasons in an arid desert region Abstract: Hydraulic lift (HL) of deep-rooted plants is a water adaptation phenomenon to extreme drought conditions which would subsequently improve the survival of shallow-rooted plants in an arid desert area. There is an ongoing debate on whether the difference in water potential between plant roots and soils determine the presence of HL, thus considerable research efforts are needed to improve our understanding. In this study, we used the Ryel model and comparative analysis to determine the changes in soil water potential (SWP), the soil layer of obtaining water from plant roots (SLOW), the amount water released from plant roots into soils, and the total amount of release water of HL (HT) of five stratified soil layers at different depths (i.e. 0-10, 10-40, 40-70, 70-100 and 100-150 cm) across plant growing season (i.e. June, August and October). The results showed that SLOW always appeared in the lowest SWP soil layer, and that lowest SWP differed among soil layers. The lowest SWP soil layer and SLOW shifted from shallow to deep soil layers across the growing seasons. Additionally, HT decreased across the growing seasons. Fine root biomass decreased in shallow whereas increased in deep soil layers across growing seasons. Our results proved the water potential difference among soil layers determined the presence of HL in an arid desert region. The changes in water potential difference among soil layers might shift the lowest SWP soil layer from shallow to deep soil layers, and as a consequent decrease HT across plant growing seasons. Keywords: deep-rooted plants, extreme drought environment, fine roots distribution, soil layers Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 319-329 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/49/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201807-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:49-2018-JFS