Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Přemysl Fiala Author-Name: Dušan Reininger Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Samek Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Markéta Pospíchalová Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The changes of soil nutrient status after a 10y period in the Natural Forest Region Český les Abstract: The periodical survey of forest nutrition was done in the in the Natural Forest Region (NFR) of Český les - the mountain range on a state border between the Czech Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. The results of chemical analysis done in 2015 were compared with those provided in 2004. The trend of mineral nutrition deteriorating of forest trees has been going on, except for magnesium. The content of magnesium in spruce needles was found to be higher by 56.6 mg.kg-1 in the current year's needles and by 24.8 mg.kg-1 in the previous year´s ones. The contents of magnesium in soil determined in the extract of HNO3 were significantly higher. The increase is 389 mg.kg-1, 373 mg.kg-1 and 312 mg.kg-1 in the forest floor, respectively in organomineral and mineral horizons. However, it is not valid for the available values determined by the Mehlich method. The determination of nutrient values in the extract of HNO3 seems to be suitable for the evaluation of changes occurred in soil and probably for the simulation of nutrition strategy of trees. Keywords: forest nutrition survey, plant nutrition strategy, nutrition availability, mineral weathering Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 87-95 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/4/2019-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4/2019-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201903-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:4-2019-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yasin Rahmati Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Engineering of Wood and Paper Industries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Nour, Iran Author-Name: Kazem Nourmohammadi Author-Workplace-Name: Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran Author-Name: Reza Naghdi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Engineering of Wood and Paper Industries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran Author-Name: Davoud Kartoolinejad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Arid Land Forestry, Faculty of Desert Studies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran *Corresponding e-mail: reza_naghdi@semnan.ac.ir Title: Effect of fungal degradation on physicochemical properties of exploited stumps of oriental beech over a 25-year felling period and the obtained Kraft pulp properties Abstract: Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) is the most important and valuable industrial wood species in the Hyrcanian forests in the north of Iran mainly used for furniture, veneer, composite, and papermaking industries. The present research was conducted in 2014 aimed at investigating the physicochemical changes of the felled oriental beech stumps over a 2-25 year period, and likewise the feasibility of using the given stumps as an alternative resource for wood pulp production. To do so, the effects of in-situ decay of beech stumps on their physical (wet and dry weights of wood, wet apparent density, and dry apparent density) and chemical (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives, and total mass of carbohydrates) properties over a 2-25 year felling period were studied. The effects of the given decay period were also studied on the obtained Kraft pulp yield and Kappa number. The results indicate that the wet and dry apparent densities as well as the wet and dry weights of the wood samples decreased over the study period. Also, the results show that approximately 30% of the total mass of carbohydrates was degraded by the ambient fungi over the initial two years of felling, whereas the same property was reduced by 60% after 25 years. The Kraft pulp yields obtained from 2- and 25-year decayed stumps were 22.5% and 8.4%, respectively. The fungal degradation of wood chemical compounds could considerably reduce pulp yield and Kappa number by 62.8% and 74.2%, respectively. The results of a stepwise multivariate regression model evidence that cellulose not only affects the Kappa number but also owns a greater share (vs. lignin) in modelling the Kappa number. This reveals that the intensity of cellulose degradation, due to fungal exposure, is significantly higher than that of the other components of beech stumps in the studied forest area. Keywords: Beech wood, decayed stumps, wood density, weight, chemical compounds, white rot fungi Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 96-105 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/93/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/93/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201903-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:93-2018-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad Rostamian Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Author-Name: Mohammad Reza Kavosi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Author-Name: Edi Bazgir Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran Author-Name: Manoochehr Babanezhad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran Title: Investigation of physiological changes in the affected Quercus brantii stand by oak charcoal disease Abstract: The purpose of this work was to monitor the effects of the environmental factors include temperature, precipitation and sun radiation on some physiological aspects of Q. brantii trees in the forest stand involved with the oak charcoal disease during a growing season. We designed a systematic random sampling and all trees were examined for disease status. Our result showed that 70.96% of the trees with different intensities are affected by the charcoal disease. Accordingly, values of predawn leaf water potential (PWP), midday leaf water potential (MWP) and chlorophyll variables showed significant difference in classes of oak charcoal disease. Linear regression analysis showed that the values of PWP, MWP and chlorophyll are changing at the high temperature. Mean of canker length are 20.5 cm and 51.7 cm in class 2 and 3 respectively and there is a great relation between PWP value and canker length (r2 = 0.914). Canker length also has a linear relation with MWP values (r2 = 0.627). Drought stress affected the physiological functions of oak trees and considerably reduced their defense potential against pathogen agents. Keywords: leaf water potential, oak charcoal disease, linear regression, Biscogniauxia mediterranea, Zagros forests Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 106-112 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/107/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/107/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201903-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:107-2018-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mahsa Hashemi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran Author-Name: Ramin Naghdi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran Author-Name: Mehrdad Nikooy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Iran Author-Name: Vahid Hemmati Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran Title: Assessment of forest road pavement materials one year after restoration (Case study: Asalem forest in northern Iran) Abstract: The main purpose of this study was evaluating indicators of forest road pavement degradation and their relation with different longitudinal slope classes after one year. Therefore, 30 plots of 100 m2 (10×10 m) area at a distance of 100 meters from each other were selected by a systematic method in the study forest road in the north of Iran. All effective factors on pavement degradation, like longitudinal and transverse slope, crown canopy on top of plots, azimuth and shape of road bed were measured. Additionally, to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of soil, 4 kg soil samples of pavement surface materials were taken from each mentioned plot. Regarding the results of average sifting through various sieves, we can state that in higher slope classes it is reduced by employing a bigger size of sieves. The percentage passing through sieve number 40 because of increasing slope in 4-7% slope classes was increased. There is a significant difference in the coefficient of uniformity between control treatment and classes 4-7% and above 7%. The treatments did not have an appropriate coefficient of curvature either. Totally, regarding negligible changes that were observed in class 4-7% in comparison with the other classes, we can figure out that this class is more suitable for the road construction. Keywords: coefficient of variation, soil grading, forest road maintenance, road pavement degradation Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 113-119 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/68/2018-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/68/2018-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-201903-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:68-2018-JFS