Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Doi Bui
Author-Workplace-Name: Vietnam National University of Forestry, Xuan Mai, Hanoi, Vietnam
Author-Name: Van Do Tran
Author-Workplace-Name: Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
Title: Vertical distribution and production of fine roots in an old-growth forest, Japan
Abstract: Fine roots (≤ 2 mm in diameter) account for up to 50% of total net primary production in forests, representing a major flow of both carbon and nutrients into the soil. We investigated the vertical distribution and production of fine roots in a warm temperate old-growth evergreen broadleaved forest in southwestern Japan. We used a continuous inflow method that considered different rates of diameter-dependent root mortality, decomposition, and thickening. Fine roots were classified into two classes (≤ 1 mm and 1-2 mm diameter). The experiment was conducted over a 1-year period to collect data on the mass of live fine roots and mass of dead fine roots in January, May, November and the following January. Decomposition ratios were assessed for three intervals (January to May, May to November, and November to January). More than 70% of fine roots occurred in the 0-20 cm soil layer, and less than 4% were found in the 50-80 cm soil layer. Decomposition ratios varied seasonally in both root size classes, peaking in summer and reaching a minimum in winter. The same pattern was found for production, mortality, and decomposition. The peak rate of production was 1.62 g.m-2.day-1 in ≤ 1 mm and 0.63 g.m-2.day-1 in 1-2 mm fine roots. The lowest production was 0.62 g.m-2.day-1 in ≤ 1 mm and 0.38 g.m-2.day-1 in 1-2 mm fine roots. Total fine root production over a 1-year period was 6.61 t.ha-1. A mass of 2.70 t.ha-1yr-1 of dead fine roots was decomposed to return nutrients to the soil. It is concluded that a warm temperate old-growth evergreen broadleaved forest in southwestern Japan plays an important role in carbon cycle and nutrient return through a high amount of production and decomposition.
Keywords: continuous inflow method, decomposition ratio, fine roots, mortality, production
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 89-96
Volume: 66
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/121/2019-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/121/2019-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:3:id:121-2019-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ligong Pan
Title: Preventing forest fires using a wireless sensor network
Abstract: Forest fire is a natural phenomenon in many ecosystems across the world. The forecasting of fire danger conditions resembles one of the most important parts in forest fire management. A ZigBee-based wireless sensor network was proposed for monitoring fire danger and predicting the behaviour of fire after occurrence. This technique is intended for real-time operation, given the urgent need for forest protection against fires. The architecture of a wireless sensor network for forest fire detection is described. From the information collected by the system, decisions on firefighting or fire prevention can be made more quickly by the relevant government departments. We believe that by making the sensor network able to reconfigure rapidly in response to changes in the local conditions upon which the network is dependent, we will generate an adaptable weather monitoring and fire detection system.
Keywords: wireless sensor network, hardware circuitry, protection engineering: fire management, ZigBee
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 97-104
Volume: 66
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/151/2019-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/151/2019-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:3:id:151-2019-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Birara Endalew
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
Author-Name: Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia *Corresponding e-mail: birara.endalew@gmail.com
Author-Name: Kassahun Tassie
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
Title: Willingness to pay for church forest conservation: a case study in northwestern Ethiopia
Abstract: Church forests provide a safe habitat for plants and animals, sources of food and traditional medicine, seed bank for native tree species, reduce soil erosion and rich in biodiversity. But the economic values of these important benefits of church forests were not well documented. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the mean and total willingness to pay for church forest conservation using open-ended and double bounded contingent valuation formats. In doing so, both cash and labour contributions were used to measure the respondents' willingness to pay. Primary data were collected from 300 randomly selected households and analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate probit model. The estimated mean willingness to pay from the double bounded format (239.79 Ethiopian Birr) is higher than from the open-ended format (178 Ethiopian Birr). Similarly, the estimated mean willingness to contribute labour was also 71.51 and 94.34 man-days for the open-ended and double bounded contingent valuation format, respectively. The comparison indicated that the mean and total willingness to pay from the double bounded format is higher than in the open-ended format. Therefore, researchers, policymakers, and forestry experts should give special attention to the double bounded format rather than to the open-ended format to elicit respondents' willingness to pay for the conservation of church forests.
Keywords: bivariate probit, double bounded, open-ended, South Gondar, total willingness to pay
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 105-116
Volume: 66
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/154/2019-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/154/2019-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:3:id:154-2019-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Igor Štefančík
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Silviculture and Forest Production, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovak Republic
Title: Development of the Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst.) stand established by various spacings and affected by abiotic harmful factors and ungulate game
Abstract: The paper presents the results of 30-year research on silviculture-production relationships in a 50-years-old Norway spruce stand (a small-pole stage) originated from artificial regeneration in a mountain forest. The stand was established in four different spacing variants: (i) 1.5 × 1.0 m, (ii) 2.5 × 1.0 m, (iii) 2.5 × 1.5 m, and (iv) 2.5 × 2.5 m. At each spacing, three management methods were investigated: geometric (schematic) intervention, mixed selective intervention, and control (no intervention). The development of the stand was disturbed by repeated snow breaks, rime and ungulate game damage. As a result of these harmful factors, the number of trees has declined markedly, especially in the last decade. This was also confirmed by an insufficient number of target trees in all trial variants. The analysis of quantitative production showed different results in some parameters. We found the most favourable results for the mixed selective method of tending. The 2.5 × 1.5 m spacing with an initial number of 2 667 trees per hectare or the spacing with an even lower number of plants was found to be appropriate under the given conditions.
Keywords: different spacing, snow-break, Norway spruce, target trees, thinning, ungulate game
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 117-131
Volume: 66
Issue: 3
Year: 2020
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/jfs-202003-0004_development-of-the-norway-spruce-picea-abies-l-karst-stand-established-by-various-spacings-and-affected-b.php
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