Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stanislav Vacek
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Rostislav Linda
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Ivo Králíček
Author-Workplace-Name: University of Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Karel Vančura
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Anna Prokůpková
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Romana Prausová
Author-Workplace-Name: University of Hradec Králové, Faculty of Science, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
Title: Effect of structure and dynamics of forests on the occurrence of Erythronium dens-canis
Abstract: The paper presents the results of a study on the impact of forest stand structure and development in 1998 to 2018 on the occurrence of dog's tooth violets (Erythronium dens-canis L.) in the Medník National Nature Monument, Czech Republic. The research was carried out in mixed European hornbeam and sessile oak stands, herb-rich European beech stands and the Sázava-river Norway spruce ecotype stands. The site and stand characteristics of the following three forest stand types were compared: 1) oak-hornbeam forests, 2) herb-rich beech forests and 3) secondary spruce forests. The results showed that the ratio of sterile and fertile plants was 2.9 to 1. The occurrence of E. dens-canis was higher in older stands with differentiated structure. On the contrary, stands characterized by a higher number of trees and basal area negatively affected the population size of E. dens‑canis. Significantly, the density of E. dens-canis decreased with increasing stand density index (SDI) and increased with increasing diameter differentiation index in relation to tree neighbours (TMd). During the period of 20 years, the E. dens-canis population increased by 40.4% on permanent research plots, while the highest changes were observed on spruce plots (+92.1%) and the lowest increase was in oak-hornbeam forests (+18.0%). The highest numbers of E. dens-canis plants were found in herb-rich beech forests (1 774 plants.ha-1), lower numbers occurred in oak-hornbeam forests (784 plants.ha-1) and minimal in secondary spruce forests (51 plants.ha-1).
Keywords: dog's tooth violets, stand structure, oak-hornbeam stand, herb-rich beech stand, secondary spruce stand, Medník National Nature Monument
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 349-360
Volume: 66
Issue: 9
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/96/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2020-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:9:id:96-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehran Nasiri
Author-Name: Behnaz Askari
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
Title: Improving drainage conditions of forest roads using the GIS and forest road simulator
Abstract: In this study a new method of locating culverts is presented with the composition of achieved discharge from hydrological analysis and simulated forest roads in RoadEng 3D simulator to improve drainage condition. Locating culverts was performed on a small scale (1:20 000, using GIS) and large scale (1:2 000, road geometric design simulator). The small-scale study regarding the achieved discharge from streams shows that the installation of some culverts is not necessary. The large-scale study also showed that the geometric design of forest road has a significant effect on locating culverts and its accuracy. To improve drainage conditions 6 culverts and 2 waterfronts taking into account the geometric design of forest road, hydrological conditions and appropriate intervals (155 m) have been proposed. No installation or lack of accuracy to find the best location of culverts may result in the occurrence of creep and landslide, so the cost of destruction would be several times higher than the cost of technical buildings construction.
Keywords: hydrological analysis, locating culverts, waterfront, large and small scale
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 361-367
Volume: 66
Issue: 9
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/16/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2020-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:9:id:16-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Akbar Mazri
Author-Name: Aidin Parsakhoo
Author-Name: Mohsen Mostafa
Title: Efficiency of some conservation treatments for soil erosion control on unallowable slopes of skid trails
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the suitable conservation treatments to control water erosion from skid trails in ShastKalate forests. Two longitudinal slopes of 20-40% and > 40% were considered as critical slopes for skid trails. Treatments of water diversion ruts, water diversion ruts filled with slash and stones were implemented on each slope. A rubber bar was installed at the end of the slope to convert runoff into collectors. Sampling was done during rainfall events in autumn and winter seasons. Findings indicated that the treatment of water diversion ruts filled with slash was better than the other treatments in the control of sediment and soil loss, especially in the slope class of 20-40%. In the slope class of > 40%, there was not any significant difference between treatments in sediment and soil loss control, but generally water diversion ruts filled with slash and stones were better in soil erosion control than water diversion ruts. In both slope classes, the rainfall intensity of 0.11 mm.h-1 (2.64 mm in 24 h) was the threshold of soil erosion on skid trails. The control of water erosion of soil on skid trails by the operation of water diversions is a suitable treatment for conserving skid trails.
Keywords: water diversion ruts slash, stones, soil loss, slope of skid trail
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 368-374
Volume: 66
Issue: 9
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/61/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2020-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:9:id:61-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleksandr Lebedev
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Reclamation, Forestry and Land Management, Faculty of Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia
Author-Name: Valery Kuzmichev
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Reclamation, Forestry and Land Management, Faculty of Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia
Title: Verification of two- and three-parameter simple height-diameter models for birch in the European part of Russia
Abstract: The accuracy of determining the height of trees is essential both in forestry and in scientific research. Height is usually determined using specific models, where it is a function of the diameter at breast height. On the materials of 23 sample plots with the measurement of model trees in birch stands, the parameters were determined for 29 two-parameter and three-parameter models that are most often found in literary sources. The following metrics evaluated the quality of the models: root mean square error, mean absolute percentage error, coefficient of determination, adjusted coefficient of determination, Akaike information criterion, and Bayesian information criterion. Three-parameter models of the dependence of height on diameter by a set of metrics show somewhat better quality than two-parameter models. Nevertheless, in general, the differences between most models are minor. Along with the models selected as the best, the Näslund and Chapman-Richards equations, which are often used in the literature as the most flexible, showed good quality. The methodology of this study allows you to repeat the same work for tree species and forest conditions, for which information on the nature of the relationship of height with diameter is incomplete or missing.
Keywords: simple model, selection of models
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 375-382
Volume: 66
Issue: 9
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/76/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/76/2020-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:9:id:76-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Afsheen Khan
Title: Seedling dynamics and community forecast for disturbed forests of the Western Himalayas: a multivariate analysis
Abstract: The present study focuses on the forest structure of highly disturbed sites in Western Himalayan regions in Pakistan. In this study, the regeneration potential of conifer species is a key point for the assessment of future conifer status in disturbed environment by employing multivariate techniques. The forests are composed of four conifer species Pinus wallichiana A. B. Jacks, Pinus roxburghii Sarg., Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) G. Don, and Abies pindrow (Royle ex D. Don) Royle., associated with broadleaved species Quercus baloot Griffith, Quercus dilatata Raf., and Aesculus indica (Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook. Cluster analysis shows five groups when Pinus wallichiana (PW) forms the largest group, incorporates with other conifers and broadleaved species and in some cases it overlaps with its subgroups forming a pure larger group. Similarly in DCA (ordination) overlapping exists in all the axes while elevation is the only variable that shows a highly significant (P < 0.001) correlation with conifers. Cedrus deodara (CD) with Quercus baloot (QB) and Aesculus indica (AI) shares a significant (P < 0.05) correlation in the same habitat while there is no correlation between the remaining conifers. It is anticipated that overlapping in cluster analysis and ordination and non-significant correlations in cluster analysis and ordination are due to the highly disturbed nature of the sites. It is also suggested that seedling recruitment and development are highly affected due to the anthropogenic disturbance. Therefore, proper maintenance of the forest, proper management and conservational practice should be imposed.
Keywords: cluster analysis, correlation, DCA ordination, conifer regeneration, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA)
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 383-392
Volume: 66
Issue: 9
Year: 2020
DOI: 10.17221/101/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/101/2020-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:66:y:2020:i:9:id:101-2020-JFS