Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: František Lorenc
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Jan Lubojacký
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Tomáš Tonka
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Title: Influence of mycorrhizal preparation on seedling growth and Armillaria infestation
Abstract: The influence of three types of treatment on seedling survival percentage, growth and Armillaria infestation of Fagus sylvatica L. (FAGUS), Abies alba Mill. (ABIES) and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. (PICEA) seedlings were tested in this study: (i) inoculation with the Ectovit® preparation containing ectomycorrhizal fungi (INOCUL), (ii) Ectovit® preparation + Conavit® fertilizer (INOCUL + FERTILIZ) and (iii) the untreated group (CONTROL). The selected sample contained 100 seedlings per each tree species and treatment type (900 seedlings in total). Besides that, 18 months after planting, 10 living seedlings per each species and treatment (90 seedlings in total) were sampled to evaluate root dry mass and Armillaria infestation. The data were statistically evaluated by frequency analysis, analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test. The overall seedling survival percentage was very low, probably due to extreme drought and high temperatures, with significantly lower results for the ABIES INOCUL + FERTILIZ and PICEA INOCUL + FERTILIZ groups. All tested growth characteristics (seedling height increment, root collar diameter increment, seedling shoot dry weight, root dry mass) were significantly higher in PICEA seedlings. Root collar diameter increment showed significant differences within each species and inconsistent results. Armillaria was detected only in the PICEA CONTROL group as rhizomorphs identified as A. ostoyae. The results suggest that the artificial mycorrhizal preparation can be an efficient method of preventing Armillaria infestation, especially in spruce seedlings.
Keywords: ectomycorrhiza, honey fungus, inoculation, roots, silviculture, nutrients
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 155-164
Volume: 67
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/198/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/198/2020-JFS.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202104-0001.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:4:id:198-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vahid Gholami
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Range and Watershed Management and Department of Water Engineering and Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Author-Name: Mohammad Reza Khaleghi
Author-Workplace-Name: Torbat-e-Jam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Torbat-e-Jam, Iran
Title: A simulation of the rainfall-runoff process using artificial neural network and HEC-HMS model in forest lands
Abstract: Simulation of the runoff-rainfall process in forest lands is essential for forest land management. In this research, a hydrologic modelling system (HEC-HMS) and artificial neural network (ANN) were applied to simulate the rainfall-runoff process (RRP) in forest lands of Kasilian watershed with an area of 68 square kilometres. The HMS model was performed using the secondary data of rainfall and discharge at the climatology and hydrometric stations, the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) for simulating a flow hydrograph, the curve number (CN) method for runoff estimation, and lag time method for flow routing. Further, a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network was used for simulating the rainfall-runoff process. HEC-HMS model was used to optimize the initial loss (IL) values in the rainfall-runoff process as an input. IL reflects the conditions of vegetation, soil infiltration, and antecedent moisture condition (AMC) in soil. Then, IL values and also incremental rainfall were applied as inputs into ANN to simulate the runoff values. The comparison of the results of simulating the RRP in two scenarios, using IL and without IL, showed that the IL parameter has a high effect in increasing the simulation performance of the rainfall-runoff process. Moreover, ANN predictions were more precise in comparison with those of the HMS model. Further, forest lands can significantly increase IL values and decrease runoff generation.
Keywords: initial loss, flood, optimization, forest lands, Kasilian watershed
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 165-174
Volume: 67
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/90/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/90/2020-JFS.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202104-0002.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:4:id:90-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Afsheen Khan
Title: Seedling diversity and spatial distribution of some conifers and associated tree species in highly disturbed Western Himalayan regions in Pakistan
Abstract: This article encompasses the impacts of disturbance, regeneration potential of conifers and the dynamics of tree species seedlings along the spatial scale in Murree forest. The seedling status preferably of conifers along with associated broadleaved dominant tree species is determined by a quantitative evaluation of diversity functions. An empirical approach is applied to predicting the future of seedlings under stress as well as the current hypothetical appearance of seedlings in the forest. The need of analysing diversity of this forest is due to highly disturbed conditions there, and this paper is designed to know the recent trends of species diversity in the area. Species diversity and species abundance at a seedling level are estimated by using standard formulas of diversity measurements. Thirty stands are used for the evaluation of seedling abundance in highly disturbed conditions with the examination of diversity in the area. Seedling density is too low in the forest whereas diversity is also in poor condition. Seedlings from four conifers with three broadleaved species in different stands indicated the low density of future trees. The mean density.ha-1 of pine seedlings is consecutively low in Pinus wallichiana (16 ± 2), Pinus roxburghii (11 ± 3), Cedrus deodara (9 ± 3), Abies pindrow (8 ± 3). The correlation coefficient is as low as 0.76, 0.66 and 0.61 in Pinus roxburghii, Cedrus deodara and Abies pindrow, respectively, while Pinus wallichiana showed a significant correlation, i.e. P > 0.5. Hence, this study claims that the survival of the forest is threatened as seedling density and diversity are too low. This forest needs serious attention towards preventing and conserving pines and other associated species seedlings for the existence of this forest in future.
Keywords: diversity indices, regeneration potential, logging, anthropogenic activities
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 175-184
Volume: 67
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/138/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/138/2020-JFS.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202104-0003.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:4:id:138-2020-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Dušek
Author-Name: Jiří Novák
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Research Station at Opočno, Opočno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Dušan Kacálek
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Research Station at Opočno, Opočno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Marian Slodičák
Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Research Station at Opočno, Opočno, Czech Republic
Title: Norway spruce production and static stability in IUFRO thinning experiments in the Czech Republic
Abstract: Despite recent issues, Norway spruce remains the most important commercial tree species which might be demanded henceforth for its broadly utilizable wood. Even before foresters faced both the bark beetle outbreaks and spruce decline, spruce monospecific stands were known to be prone also to other damage due to snow and wind. On this basis, measures that help prevent such failures were looked for, which resulted in the establishment of international IUFRO experimental series focused on impacts of different thinning regimes on stability and production of spruce stands. The thinning treatments differed in numbers of trees removed and retained on the site when dominant height of crop trees was reached or allowable cut in non-crop trees was accumulated. Also effects of different width of skid trails were tested. The study summarizes the results from the two IUFRO experiments in the Czech Republic. Effects of thinning regimes on spruce were found positive though thinning reduced the total volume production of wood while improving crop-tree stability which enhanced production safety. Different widths of skid trails had no effect on wood increment. Early thinning of spruce can be used to prevent their damage. No such measure, however, can alleviate the spruce decline.
Keywords: Picea abies, early thinning, stand stability, slenderness ratio, total volume production
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 185-194
Volume: 67
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/188/2020-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/188/2020-JFS.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202104-0004.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:4:id:188-2020-JFS