Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sezgin Ayan Author-Workplace-Name: Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry, Silviculture Department, Kuzeykent Campus, Kastamonu, Turkey Author-Name: Cengiz Yücedag Author-Workplace-Name: Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Engineering Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Burdur, Turkey Author-Name: Bojan Simovski Author-Workplace-Name: Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Hans Em Faculty of Forest Sciences, Landscape Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Department of Botany and Dendrology, Skopje, North Macedonia Title: A major tool for afforestation of semi-arid and anthropogenic steppe areas in Turkey: Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe Abstract: In Turkey, almost half of which has semi-arid conditions, steppe areas have continuously been increasing. These areas need to be afforested to prevent desertification. For this purpose, this research presents specifically the Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra J.F. Arnold subsp. pallasiana /Lamb./ Holmboe) as a suitable forest tree species for afforestation activities, due to wide distribution both in Turkey and the broader region. After a thorough investigation of past and recent literature, and onsite activities, the review focuses on the production of seeds and seedlings of the species, land preparation and planting technique, post-planting site maintenance, success in the afforestation areas and considerations on Anatolian black pine seed transfer regioning. In conclusion, local ecological conditions regarding the species should always be taken into consideration. Another important issue for the success of afforestation in semi-arid lands is that the preparation activities of the land for afforestation are carried out with appropriate techniques timely and painstakingly. Moreover, after the 2000s, Turkish forestry focused on afforestation in semi-arid and anthropogenic steppe areas. Anatolian black pine is the most widely used tree species in semi-arid lands and anthropogenic areas and plays the major role in successful afforestation. Keywords: Anatolian black pine, extreme conditions, seedling, seed transfer region Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 449-463 Volume: 67 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/74/2021-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/74/2021-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202110-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:10:id:74-2021-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Irina Danelia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Plant Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Agrarian Technologies and Biosystems Engineering, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia Author-Name: Nino Zaqariashvili Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Plant Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Agrarian Technologies and Biosystems Engineering, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia Author-Name: Lia Amiranashvili Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Plant Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Agrarian Technologies and Biosystems Engineering, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia Author-Name: Gulnara Badridze Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Plant Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Agrarian Technologies and Biosystems Engineering, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Author-Name: Salome Kvitsiani Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Plant Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Agrarian Technologies and Biosystems Engineering, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia Title: The mycological study of conifers in Tbilisi and its surroundings Abstract: Extensive microbiological research was carried out in Tbilisi (capital of Georgia) and its surroundings to determine the causes of massive disease and dieback of urban coniferous plantations. The biological material was picked up in June-July 2020 from trees with various degrees of the disease in 42 different localities. 247 conifers (15 species) were examined microbiologically. 1 169 samples of microscopic fungi were isolated. Based on cultural-morphological and molecular-genetic (PCR) studies, 34 strains were identified to the species level, 17 to the genus level, and 1 strain to the family level. Ascomycota were represented by 15 families and 33 species, Basidiomycota by 1 family and 2 species and Zygomycota by 2 families and 2 species. Among the isolated strains, 9 species were clearly dominant and found in all studied coniferous species: Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl, Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & B. Button, Epicoccum nigrum Link., Sordaria lappae Potebnia, Curvularia spp., Dothiorella spp, Nothophoma quercina (Sydow & P. Sydow) Q. Chen & L. Cai, Phoma odoratissimi Q. Chen, Didymella aliena (Fries) Q. Chen & L. Cai. It may be supposed that massive activation of pathogenic fungi is the result of weakening of plant immunity on the background of increasing abiotic stresses in Tbilisi over the years; which led to an imbalance between latent pathogens and host plants and eventually to the depressing consequences of trees dieback. Keywords: conifers, endophytes, latent infection, pathogenic fungi, urban plantations Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 464-476 Volume: 67 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/79/2021-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/79/2021-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202110-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:10:id:79-2021-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gülzade Kahveci Author-Workplace-Name: The Turkish Academy of Sciences, Ankara, Turkey Author-Name: Münevver Arslan Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Forest Soil and Ecology, Eskisehir, Turkey Title: Factors affecting the radial growth of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. and J. excelsa M. Bieb. in central Anatolia Abstract: Central Anatolia is one of the semi-arid regions of Turkey that does not offer very suitable conditions for the growth of trees. Tree growth is a process controlled by genetic, environmental and climatic factors. Trees record these signals, which provide valuable scientific data for dendrochronological research. We used raw annual tree-ring width (taken from trees under the age of 100 years) as one of the dendrochronological parameters to compare Juniperus foetidissima and J. excelsa in terms of affecting factors. We compared the annual tree-ring width of both species considering species, locations and research sites of the altitude range of 677-1 400 m a.s.l.. Environmental signals (longitude and latitude, altitude, slope, exposure, human impact and nearest settlement distance), as well as climatic factors (precipitation, temperature, moisture) affecting growth were examined. Results indicate that there is an obvious difference in raw annual tree-ring widths depending on species. J. foetidissima differs from J. excelsa in wider annual tree-ring widths and preferences to a low slope and altitude. While the annual tree-ring width of J. excelsa did not respond to the environmental signals, the annual tree-ring width of J. foetidissima was notably correlated with longitude, latitude, altitude and slope. The most remarkable variables affecting the growth of both species were summer temperatures and moisture. Keywords: dendrochronology, annual tree-ring width, radial growth response, environmental signals, semi-arid Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 477-488 Volume: 67 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/42/2021-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/42/2021-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202110-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:10:id:42-2021-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tamás Ábri Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plantation Forestry, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Püspökladány, Hungary Author-Name: Zsolt Keserü Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plantation Forestry, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Püspökladány, Hungary Author-Name: János Rásó Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plantation Forestry, Forest Research Institute, University of Sopron, Püspökladány, Hungary Author-Name: Károly Rédei Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Title: Stand structure and growth of Robinia pseudoacacia 'Jászkiséri' - 'Jászkiséri' black locust Abstract: Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most widespread tree species introduced into Europe and also into Hungary. It covers 24% of the total Hungarian forest area, providing 25% of the annual timber output of the country. Due to the demands of consumers, new cultivars are to be produced by means of improvement techniques and are to be introduced into the practical forestry use. Mono- and multiclonal cultivars were developed, then variety comparison trials and cultivation tests were established. Based on preliminary yield tests the locust cultivar 'Jászkiséri' (Robinia pseudoacacia 'Jászkiséri') proved to be one of the best black locust cultivars. Consequently, a more precise investigation of the stand structure of this cultivar may also make a significant contribution to the improvement of the relevant cultivation technology. In this study, based on full inventories of 13 stands in 7 subcompartments, age of 5 to 35 years, relationships of mean tree volume to diameter (R2 = 0.9797) and basal area (R2 = 0.9781), furthermore the relationship between mean tree volume and diameter of the stands (R2 = 0.9993) were examined. Besides that, the comparison of 15-year-old 'Jászkiséri' and common black locust (a case study) were presented in this paper, where 'Jászkiséri' proved to be better: significant differences (P < 0.05) were found in diameter, mean tree volume and stem form. Keywords: fast growing tree species, cultivar, Hungary Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 489-497 Volume: 67 Issue: 10 Year: 2021 File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/jfs-202110-0004_stand-structure-and-growth-of-robinia-pseudoacacia-jaszkiseri-jaszkiseri-black-locust.php File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202110-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:67:y:2021:i:10:id:57-2021-JFS