Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Belko
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia
Author-Name: Anna Tučeková
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia
Author-Name: Roman Longauer
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Valéria Longauerová
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia
Author-Name: Vladimír Mačejovský
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia
Author-Name: Ivan Horvát
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, Zvolen, Slovakia
Title: Research on an effective artificial regeneration method for selected commercially important coniferous tree species on a large sanitation cut site situated in the Javorníky Mts., Western Carpathians
Abstract: In response to the decline of Central European spruce monocultures driven by various factors, the Demonstration Object of Reconstruction of Spruce Forests (DORS) was established in Husárik locality, Javorníky Mts., northwestern Slovakia. The area includes the Husárik trial site, where the applicability and efficiency of different artificial regeneration methods are studied. The trial was established on a 24-ha area cleared following the outbreak of spruce bark beetles in 2011. Its altitude is 800 m a.s.l., aspect NW, slope 30%, the soil is Ranker on the soft flysch sandstone bedrock. Our study covered 4 conifers - Norway spruce (spruce), European larch (larch), silver fir (fir), and Douglas fir (doug fir). Each species was regenerated using 4 different approaches: planting of commercial bareroot transplants (BR), planting of container transplants (CON), direct seeding (DS) and vegetative cell seeding using seed shelters (VCS). Results concerning the nine-year development of transplants and seedlings, along with the calculation of cost-efficiency, are presented. As to the species, BR and CON transplants of spruce and larch reached the best survival and height. The DS larch was the most cost-efficient method of establishment of a successfully established plantation (survival > 50%; stem height > 2/3 of the weed height; ratio of damaged individuals < 50%) with a total cost of 2 372 EUR.ha-1. On the contrary, the slow initial growth of fir and Douglas fir and their extensive damage resulted in the incomparably higher cost of establishment of their successfully established plantation, such as 4 980 EUR.ha-1 for five-years-old BR fir transplants. Our findings documented that current efforts related to the restoration of salvage-felled clearings remained difficult, especially in the case of introduction or reestablishment of coniferous tree species more vulnerable to open site conditions.
Keywords: artificial regeneration, bareroot plants, conifers, container plants, seeding, successfully established plantation
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 353-367
Volume: 70
Issue: 7
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/1/2024-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2024-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:70:y:2024:i:7:id:1-2024-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petr Dujka
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Antonín Kusbach
Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Management Institute, Brandýs nad Labem, Branch Kroměříž, Kroměříž, Czech Republic
Title: Geographical forest zonation: Perspectives, history and use
Abstract: The rate of climate change advancement and its predicted impact are valid reasons for intense discourse on the topic of choosing the most suitable silvicultural and adaptation measures for the longevity and sustainability of forest communities. Changes in growth conditions of plants can be expected in both vertical (altitudinal) and horizontal (geographical) directions. The anticipated occurrence rate of these changes should, according to climate models, be higher than the natural adaptability rate of longevous tree species. This study focuses on the possibility of utilising regional geographical units of the Czech Republic (Central Europe) - Natural Forest Areas (NFAs) - for introducing the principles of assisted forest migration to national silviculture policies in order to find solutions for the predicted climate change scenarios. The primary objectives are (i) to review the history of the NFA concept, (ii) to discuss the perspectives of NFAs with regard to climate change, and (iii) to propose possible solutions for further development in comparison with alternative approaches to horizontal classification of the Czech Republic. This study is the first of its kind that provides a complete textual and graphic overview of the NFAs' history from 1959 to 2018, highlighting the purpose of NFAs as both frameworks for the maintenance of the genetic potential of forest tree species' populations and frameworks for long-term strategic management planning. Further development of the concept is discussed in connection with the main principles of assisted forest migration and the possibility of employing geospatial modellation analyses for a more precise definition of current NFA borders. An assessment of the areas' potential is also debated, mainly with an emphasis on the zonality of forest sites.
Keywords: assisted migration, climate change, Czech Forest Ecosystem Classification, geographical/horizontal classification, natural forest areas
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 335-352
Volume: 70
Issue: 7
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/5/2024-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2024-JFS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:70:y:2024:i:7:id:5-2024-JFS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Václav Šebek
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Wood Product Economics and Policy, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Václav Kupčák
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Wood Product Economics and Policy, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Andrea Janáková Sujová
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Wood Product Economics and Policy, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Management and Business, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
Title: Change in forest species composition and its projections into the economy of forest owners
Abstract: Increasing the proportion of broadleaved trees in stands during regeneration raises questions about how these trees will be reflected in the economics of forest owners and whether these owners can influence certain economic aspects during stand management. In this respect, the paper focuses mainly on the revenue side of forestry and, crucially, analyses the selling prices of assortments of tree species groups as offered in public tenders of state forests under the outsourcing business model. The price level of spruce is used as a benchmark for comparisons in the analyses. It is clear that the cultivation of species-diverse forests entails an increase in the representation of a higher number of tree species and, presumably, increased stand stability. However, a concomitant consequence may be an increase in costs and a reduction in returns for forest owners. Here, the revenue from timber sales can be improved by appropriate adjustment of the species composition through educational interventions. All this is in the context of the economic viability of forestry, as declared in a number of strategic and forest policy documents, which essentially depends on the timber production function of forestry and the subsequent processing of timber.
Keywords: average costs, forest management, public procurement, timber prices, wood species
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 368-380
Volume: 70
Issue: 7
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/21/2024-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/21/2024-JFS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monika Löwe
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Radim Löwe
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Martin Jankovský
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Pavel Natov
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Jiří Dvořák
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Title: Over- and under-bark volume estimation of European larch timber produced by mechanised harvesting in Czechia
Abstract: In Czechia, harvesters contributed 43% of the total annual timber production in 2022. It is assumed that harvester technology will continue to be used intensively in the future, even though there is a change in the tree species composition of forests after the recent bark beetle outbreak and an increase in the use of close-to-nature forest management. The aim of this study was to analyse the over- and under-bark volume estimates of European larch timber produced by a harvester in Czechia. This study used the M3s price category for volume estimation. This volume was compared with the M3toDE price category. The M3toDE price category underestimated the over-bark volume by 5.59% compared to the M3s price category. However, for use in forestry practice in Czechia it is currently necessary to use the M3toDE price category. Therefore, the M3toDE price category was used to compare under-bark volumes according to different bark deduction methods. Differences were found between all the five methods investigated. Understanding this sub-issue will help in training operators, acquiring comprehensive knowledge about the functioning of harvester software and maximising the economic effect of the sale of larch timber.
Keywords: bark deduction methods, cut-to-length method, double bark thickness, Larix decidua, price categories, StanForD
Journal: Journal of Forest Science
Pages: 381-390
Volume: 70
Issue: 7
Year: 2024
DOI: 10.17221/28/2024-JFS
File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/28/2024-JFS.html
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