Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michal Synek Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Management Institute (FMI), Brandýs nad Labem, Czech Republic Author-Name: Emil Cienciala Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecosystem Research (IFER), Jílové u Prahy, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Kubišta Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Management Institute (FMI), Brandýs nad Labem, Czech Republic Title: Carbon storage and climate mitigation effect in Central European forestry - To be managed, or left unmanaged? Abstract: This study investigates differences in carbon storage between managed and unmanaged forests in the growth conditions of Central Europe. Norway spruce (Picea abies), European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) dominated forest types were considered, as these are the most common forest species in the Czech Republic. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), as the second most common species, was excluded due to lacking relevant reference data on unmanaged forests. Managed and unmanaged variants of each forest type were assessed in terms of carbon sequestered in biomass, dead wood and harvested wood products (in the managed variant). Harvested wood products yielded during two rotation periods were considered, including their substitution effect as well as respiratory losses, to fully assess their contribution to carbon balance. Average carbon storage in the above-ground biomass and deadwood was lower in the managed forest compared to the unmanaged forest in comparable growth conditions. However, this difference is in our model examples compensated by carbon stored in the harvested wood products including their substitution effect in the managed forests of Norway spruce and pedunculate oak. Contrarily, managed European beech forests showed, in our case, slightly lower carbon storage compared to the unmanaged alternative. The estimates for all species are considered to be rather conservative due to the assumed factors affecting the results. Due to generally limited comparative data on unmanaged forests in the region, the results should be interpreted with caution. Keywords: CO2 emission offset, displacement effect, harvested wood products, increment, substitution effect, tree biomass, wood production Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 149-158 Volume: 71 Issue: 3 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/74/2024-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/74/2024-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202503-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:71:y:2025:i:3:id:74-2024-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zdeněk Vacek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana Tomášková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdeněk Fuchs Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav Šimůnek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Stanislav Vacek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Cukor Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lukáš Bílek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Gallo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Karel Zlatuška Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Duchan Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Impact of technical water retention on European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) resilience and growth dynamics Abstract: Global climate change (GCC) is putting increasing pressure on forest ecosystems, leading to more frequent disturbances such as pest outbreaks and other climate-related stressors, all of which threaten forest stability. This study examines how different technical water retention measures (infiltration pits) can enhance the resilience of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to these climatic challenges, focusing on their impact on radial growth, sap flow, and acclimatisation to moisture conditions at two sites in Czechia (430-440 m a.s.l.). Three treatments were compared: a water infiltration pit under a culvert mouth, an infiltration pit without a culvert and a control plot without a technical solution. Results showed that maximum daily transpiration rates of beech ranged between 90-120 L per day. Air temperature had a stronger influence on beech radial growth than precipitation, particularly at the waterlogged sites. The lowest radial growth occurred in the treatment involving a water infiltration pit under a culvert mouth, while treatments with an infiltration pit without a culvert demonstrated notable seasonal stem shrinkage and swelling (tree water deficit - TWD), especially in early spring. On the other hand, no differences were found between the three treatments including the control variant in the maximum growth or the context of minimum TWD. In conclusion, these technical measures had limited or short-term effects on the growth and physiological processes of European beech. Despite the high costs of implementation, sap flow and dendrochronological measurements do not support the construction of infiltration pits as a means of improving water retention in forest ecosystems. Keywords: climate change, forest-water management, infiltration pits, radial growth, sap flow Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 124-137 Volume: 71 Issue: 3 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/92/2024-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/92/2024-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202503-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:71:y:2025:i:3:id:92-2024-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel Zlatuška Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry Technologies and Construction, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Kupec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Duchan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry Technologies and Construction, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Alena Tichá Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forestry Technologies and Construction, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Deutscher Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Landscape Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Hydraulic sizing of forest road pipe culverts Abstract: This article presents guidelines for assessing the optimal dimensions of forest road pipe culverts, based on input of actual and experimental data to standard engineering techniques. In doing so, we assess the need for (i) changes in the parametrisation of inputs (i.e. culvert micro-catchment dimensions, rainfall and resultant culvert flow, and culvert flow rates during culvert hydraulic dimensioning), and (ii) the need to redesign culvert outlets in relation to flow speed. Our results demonstrate that values for most inputs presently used under current technical practice for forest road pipe culvert sizing are significantly higher than those achieved under experimental conditions. The data on outlet flow velocities strongly suggests that strengthening of culvert outlet aprons will be crucial for their future operation. Keywords: culvert dimension precipitation parameters, culvert flow velocity, forest culvert catchment area, outflow strengthening Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 113-123 Volume: 71 Issue: 3 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/95/2024-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/95/2024-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202503-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:71:y:2025:i:3:id:95-2024-JFS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vít Šrámek Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: Věra Fadrhonsová Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina Neudertová Hellebrandová Author-Workplace-Name: Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady, Czech Republic Title: Rainfall variability in the mountain forest catchments of Černá Opava tributaries in the Jeseníky Mountains Abstract: An unprecedented bark beetle outbreak has led to a significant decline in forest cover in Central Europe in the last 10 years, affecting an area estimated at more than 200 000 ha in the Czech Republic. Among the many ecological threats associated with extensive clearings, the potential alteration of hydrological processes is one of the most important. Therefore, after 2022, the precipitation-runoff balance in three catchments in the Jeseníky Mts. area was studied. This study focuses on the rainfall variability within the area, which was measured using 24 rain gauges deployed to cover different altitudes as well as the geographical exposures of the mountain catchments. Precipitation data was evaluated based on seven-day totals within the frost-free period. There was a significant increase in precipitation with altitude (12% increase for every 100 m a.s.l.) but only in less than half (48.7%) of the evaluated periods. No significant trend was demonstrated in the remaining periods, and a negative trend in precipitation with altitude was identified in 8.9% of cases. Additionally, the role of exposure was insignificant, although a tendency towards slightly lower precipitation was found for the eastern exposure at altitudes up to 1 000 m a.s.l., which may be related to the prevailing wind direction. We concluded that even a relatively dense monitoring network is not necessarily sufficient to provide accurate precipitation data in forested catchments, especially in mountain areas. Under such conditions, the use of complex models that also use radar data is recommended. Keywords: altitudinal gradient, distribution of precipitation, exposure, forest watershed, synoptic situation Journal: Journal of Forest Science Pages: 138-148 Volume: 71 Issue: 3 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/96/2024-JFS File-URL: http://jfs.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2024-JFS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/jfs-202503-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnljfs:v:71:y:2025:i:3:id:96-2024-JFS